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Biomedical subjects

M J Bartlett

Publications and source records attributed to M J Bartlett.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Effect of warming up on knee proprioception before sporting activity.

BACKGROUND: It is now generally accepted that the ligamentous structures of the knee not only act as mechanical restraints but also have a neurophysiological role in joint function and protection. A report that knee joint laxity increases with exercise raised the question as to whether there is any compensatory change in joint position appreciation. OBJECTIVE: To test whether there is a compensatory mechanism for increased ligamentous laxity during normal levels of activity. METHODS: Joint position appreciation was measured, using a previously reported technique, in the knees of sportsmen at rest and after warm up. RESULTS: Joint position appreciation was found to be significantly more sensitive after warm up (p = 0.005). CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that joint position appreciation within the knee accommodates physiological changes within the ligaments and muscles after exercise.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

Localized pigmented villonodular synovitis presenting as recurrent dislocation of the patella.

A 31-year-old woman presented with a 1-year history of recurrent dislocation of the patella. On examination, she was found to have a mass at the medial patellofemoral joint line. Arthroscopy showed this to be a vascular synovial tumor extending into the medial patellofemoral joint and causing lateral deviation of the patella. The mass was resected with resolution of her symptoms and histologic examination showed this to be pigmented villonodular synovitis. There are an increasing number of case reports of these lesions causing varying mechanical symptoms in the knee and they should be considered as a differential diagnosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Parent and general practitioner preferences for infant immunisation. Reactogenicity or multiple injections?

AIM: To explore the relative importance parents and general practitioners place on less reactogenic vaccines and multiple injections at each childhood immunisation encounter. METHOD: A random sample of western Sydney parents (n = 162) and GPs (n = 154) completed telephone questionnaires about their preference for either a single injection of pentavalent vaccine (whole-cell pertussis/diphtheria/tetanus/Hib/hepatitis B), or regimen containing the less reactogenic acellular pertussis vaccine requiring two separate injections (acellular pertussis/diphtheria/tetanus and Hib or three separate injections (acellular pertussis/diphtheria/tetanus and Hib and hepatitis B). Potential confounders were examined by univariate and multivariate analysis. RESULTS: Regimens containing acellular pertussis vaccine (2 injections or 3 injections) were preferred by 72% and 58% of parents respectively. Those whose children were already vaccinated were less concerned about side effects and were twice (or = 2.0, 95% CI 1.0-4.0) as likely to select the pentavalent (single injection) option. 69% and 77% of GPs preferred the pentavalent rather than the two or three injection acellular option, although previous experience with a systemic adverse reaction to immunisation increased their preference for the acellular pertussis vaccine (or = 2.9, 95% CI 1.1-7.6). Only 54% of parents and 28% of GPs favoured three injections at one visit. CONCLUSION: Parent and GP concerns regarding reactogenicity and multiple injections differ. Parents are more concerned about vaccine reactogenicity than multiple injections. However, if the GP recommends a particular regimen, it is likely to be accepted by parents.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1997

Can serum interleukin-6 levels predict the outcome of patients with right iliac fossa pain?

In patients with right iliac fossa (RIF) pain it can be difficult to distinguish between appendicitis and nonspecific abdominal pain (NSAP). In this study we sought to determine whether serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, an early marker of acute inflammation, taken at the time of admission could predict the outcome of patients admitted with RIF pain. Data were collected in a prospective manner on 53 consecutive patients (23 male, 30 female), mean age 22.1 years (range 10-79 years). Nineteen (36%) patients underwent surgery, of whom 16 had appendicitis (histologically proven). The mean (SEM) IL-6 levels (pg/ml) in patients undergoing operation vs those receiving non-operative management were 270.8 (106.3) vs 265.0 (80.4) (P = NS). The mean white blood cell (WBC) counts (x10(9)/l) in these patients were 14.28 (0.81) vs 9.66 (0.67), respectively (P = 0.0002). When patients with a confirmed diagnosis of appendicitis were compared with patients with a diagnosis of NSAP, the IL-6 levels were 149.4 (69.1) vs 363.6 (113.2), respectively (P = NS). In the same groups of patients, the WBC counts were 14.21 (0.81) vs 9.51 (0.68) (P = 0.004). We conclude that IL-6 levels taken at the time of admission are not useful in predicting the outcome of RIF pain.

Abdominal Pain↗
PubMed1988

Release of acetylcholinesterase within the guinea-pig substantia nigra: effects of 5-hydroxytryptamine and amphetamine.

A soluble form of acetylcholinesterase is released from the substantia nigra of the cat, rabbit and rat. The possibility of spontaneous and evoked release of acetylcholinesterase within the substantia nigra of a different species, the guinea-pig, was tested using push-pull cannulae perfusion in vivo. Microinfusion of either potassium or amphetamine into the substantia nigra caused an increase in the local release of acetylcholinesterase. Furthermore, similar application of the neurotransmitter 5-hydroxytryptamine also caused an increase in the local release of the enzyme. However, in the presence of the 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor antagonist, cinanserin, or calcium-free perfusing medium, 5-hydroxytryptamine no longer had any significant effects. These results demonstrate that release of acetylcholinesterase within the substantia nigra appears to be, qualitatively but not quantitatively, a consistent phenomenon in different species. Furthermore, within the substantia nigra, release of acetylcholinesterase may be a function of interactions between local transmitters. The possible neurochemical and ionic mechanisms underlying these interactions is discussed.

5-Hydroxytryptophan↗