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Biomedical subjects

M J Tavis

Publications and source records attributed to M J Tavis.

7 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1978

Current status of skin substitutes.

In the current state of the art, viable human allograft is the best skin prosthesis available, but it leaves much to be desired. Characteristics of skin substitutes can be defined and measured, resulting in the rational approach to design and testing of synthetic skin substitutes. Thin silicone polymer and modified plastic membranes, collagen films, and adherent methacrylate polymer applied by a spray technique (Hydron) are the most promising materials at present.

Adhesiveness↗
PubMed1977

Hyperbaric oxygen in burn management: a controlled study.

Using the methods and protocol outlined, we have found that hyperbaric oxygen functions as a mild antiseptic agent and provides no advantage in the treatment of full-thickness and partial-thickness burns, alone or in combination with topical treatment with silver sulfadiazine. No effects were observed on metabolic balance in the postburn state determined by percentage of weight change, the time to complete healing in partial-thickness burns or the rate of eschar separation and vascular proliferation in granulation tissue formation in full-thickness burns.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Acute management of the upper airway in facial burns and smoke inhalation.

Among 740 patients with acute burns who were admitted to our burn center from 1972 through, 1975, thirty-six required upper airway access within the first 24 hours after burn for oral and facial burns or smoke inhalation. Nasotracheal intubation was initially used. Twelve survived; 11 were successfully extubated and one required a tracheostomy. If the patient had not sustained major smoke inhalation, extubation was usually possible without tracheostomy when edema subsided between one and six days after the burn. It is concluded that endotracheal intubation is a satisfactory method of gaining airway control in severe oral and facial burns and in smoke inhalation. The mortality associated with orofacial burns or smoke inhalation is related to the degree of lung damage, patients' s age, and the extent of the burn; it is not related to the method of upper airway control.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1976

Graft adherence to de-epithelialized surfaces: a comparative study.

Graft adherence may be divided into two distinct phases: Phase I, which is fibrin dependent and Phase II, which begins after 72 hours with fibro-vascular ingrowth or vascular anastomosis with the graft material. Adherence values for autograft, homograft, heterograft, silicone membrane and a modified collagen membrane were evaluated during the fibrin-dependent Phase I period at 5 and 72 hours on dermal, fascial and granulating surfaces on rats. Modified collagen membrane demonstrated a superior adherence at both times tested on dermal and fascial surfaces, while autograft and homograft were significantly more adherent on granulating surfaces at 72 hours. The inert silicone membrane was consistently the least adherent. Granulating surfaces produced the highest adherence values at 5 hours and fascial surfaces at 72 hours. The higher values found with collagen indicate that future research directed toward the production of a synthetic wound dressing or skin should be directed toward biologically derived materials, rather than inert materials. The data supports the concept of the role of fibrin as the bonding factor in Phase I adherence and implies that collagen, rather than elastin, is primarily responsible for early graft adherence.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Modified collagen membrane as a skin substitute: preliminary studies.

Modified collagen membrane when compared to autograft, homograft, heterograft and silicone polymer membrane, demonstrated a superior adherence on split and full-thickness surfaces, but proved to be an inferior covering for granulating surfaces. Water vapor transport was found to be adequate and adaptable to modification. It was found to be permeable to most commonly used topical antibiotics, and no significant antigenicity could be demonstrated. In a controlled animal burn study, modified collagen membrane proved superior to homograft and heterograft in regard to mortality, time to grafting, bacteriology and autograft take. These studies provide a background for further laboratory and clinical studies now in progress.

Adhesiveness↗