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Biomedical subjects

M Jonsson

Publications and source records attributed to M Jonsson.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1991

Comparison of European isolates of viruses causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome by a neutralization test.

Different virus isolates causing hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) were compared using a neutralization test. Patient convalescent sera and antisera prepared in rabbits were used to compare Puumala-related Hantavirus isolates from Finland, Sweden, Belgium, and the USSR. The majority of European isolates were indistinguishable from each other using both homologous rabbit antisera and patient convalescent sera. The European isolates of HFRS were also compared with prototype Hantaan (the etiologic agent of Korean hemorrhagic fever). The one-way cross-reaction between the Hantaan and Puumala viruses, previously described using human convalescent sera tested by indirect immunofluorescence and immunoprecipitation, was also seen by the neutralization test.

Europe↗
PubMed1990

Norfloxacin vs. pivmecillinam in the treatment of uncomplicated lower urinary tract infections in hospitalized elderly patients.

In a single-blind, randomized study of multicentre trial design 343 hospitalized geriatric patients (median age 83 years) suffering from symptomatic urinary tract infections (UTI) were treated with either norfloxacin 200 mg twice daily or pivmecillinam 200 mg 3 times daily orally for 7 days to compare the clinical efficacy and safety of the antibiotics in the elderly. The pathogen was Escherichia coli in 56.7%, other gram-negative rods in 37.2% and gram-positive cocci in 6.1%. Up to 18 days after cessation of treatment the original pathogen was eradicated in 60.5% of the 114 who were assessable for the effect of norfloxacin therapy and in 36.5% of the 96 patients in the pivmecillinam group (p less than 0.001). Adverse drug reactions, mostly gastrointestinal disturbances, were noticed in single cases.

Aged↗
PubMed1989

Orientational dynamics of T2 DNA during agarose gel electrophoresis: influence of gel concentration and electric field strength.

The understanding, on a molecular level, of the mechanisms responsible for the improved separation in DNA gel electrophoresis when using modulated electric fields requires detailed information about conformational distribution and dynamics in the DNA/gel system. The orientational order due to electrophoretic migration ("electrophoretic orientation") is an interesting piece of information in this context that can be obtained through linear dichroism spectroscopy [M. Jonsson, B. Akerman, and B. Nordén, (1988) Biopolymers 27, 381-414]. The technique permits measurement of the orientation factor S of DNA (S = 1 corresponds to perfect orientation) within an electrophoretic zone in the gel during the electrophoresis. It is reported that the degree of orientation of T2 DNA [170 kilo base pairs (kpb)] is considerable (S = 0.17 in 1% agarose at 10 V/cm) compared to relatively modest orientations of short fragments found earlier (for 23-kbp DNA, S = 0.03 in 1% agarose at 10 V/cm), showing that large DNA coils are substantially deformed during the migration. Growth and relaxation dynamics of the orientational order of the T2 DNA are also reported, as functions of gel concentration (0.3-2%), electric field strength (0-40 V/cm), and pulse characteristics. The rise profile of the DNA orientation, when applying a constant field, is a nonmonotonic function that displays a pronounced overshoot, followed by a minor undershoot, before it reaches steady-state orientation (after 12 s in 1% agarose, 9 V/cm). The orientational relaxation in absence of field shows a multiexponential decay in a time region of some 10 s, when most of the DNA anisotropy has disappeared. A surprising phenomenon is a memory over minutes of the DNA/gel system to previous pulses: with two consecutive rectangular pulses (of the same polarity), the orientational overshoot and undershoot as a response to the second pulse are significantly reduced compared to the first pulse. The time required to recover 90% of their amplitudes is typically 1200 s (1% agarose, 9 V/cm), which may be compared to the time required to relax 90% of the DNA orientation, which is only 6 s. The major part of the over- and undershoot recovery is thus a reorganization of a system in which DNA is already randomly oriented. The different response amplitudes and relaxation times, including the amplitude and recovery time of the overshoot, of the orientational order of DNA in the electrophoretic gel have been studied as functions of gel concentration and field strength. The results are discussed against relevant theories of polymer dynamics.

Chemical Phenomena↗
PubMed1989

Preservation of factor VIII activity in plasma by different freezing techniques, as determined with a chromogenic microtray assay.

The preservation of factor VIII activity in frozen plasma was studied using three different freezing techniques. Two were conventional methods, i.e. ethanol bath at -40 degrees C, and deep-frozen at -80 degrees C, and the third was a novel air-based -40 degrees C freezer with metal compartments and snugly fitting flat 750 ml plasma containers. No statistically significant difference in preservation of factor VIII was observed, irrespective of freezing technique, as determined with a chromogenic substrate assay.

Chromogenic Compounds↗
PubMed1988

Comparative in vitro activity of PD 127,391, a new fluorinated 4-quinolone derivative.

PD 127,391, a newly developed 4-quinolone chemically similar to ciprofloxacin, was studied in vitro by using agar and broth dilution and two inoculum sizes. PD 127,391 was found to be highly active against gram-negative aerobes, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa and other Pseudomonas spp. Its activity against gram-positive aerobes was better than that of ciprofloxacin.

Anti-Infective Agents↗
PubMed1986

Pharmacokinetics of intravenous antibiotics in acutely ill elderly patients.

In a study of 20 acutely ill elderly patients treated with cefotaxime (1 g, 2 X daily) the pharmacokinetics in serum and tissue fluid were examined. Patients with impaired renal function showed increased values for the area under the curve and half-life in both serum and tissue fluid. Patients with pathological peripheral circulation manifested delayed peak concentrations in tissue fluid. Although the passage of cefotaxime into tissue fluid was slow in the elderly, its concentration was higher than the minimal inhibitory concentration for most bacterial species of clinical importance and lasted for 5.5-7h in tissue fluid and for more than 10h in serum. Thus, this study clearly illustrates that the twice-daily dosage regimen used was quite adequate in elderly patients.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1985

Comparative in vitro antibacterial activity of Sch 34343, a novel penem antibiotic.

Using agar and broth dilutions, Sch 34343 was found to be highly active against gram-positive and gram-negative aerobic, facultatively anaerobic, and anaerobic bacteria, with the exceptions of enterococci, methicillin-resistant staphylococci, and Pseudomonas spp., which were resistant. Comparisons were made with imipenem, cefuroxime, cefotaxime, gentamicin, clindamycin, and metronidazole.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1984

A comparison of the combination pivmecillinam/pivampicillin and co-trimoxazole in the treatment of convalescent carriers of Salmonella and Shigella.

52 convalescent carriers of Salmonellae (n = 25) and Shigellae (n = 27) were treated with a 4-week course of either co-trimoxazole or the combination pivmecillinam/pivampicillin. 84% of the salmonella isolates and 89% of the shigella were resistant to one or more antibiotics. Sulphonamide resistance was observed in 52 and 58% of the strains, respectively. 12 and 44% of the isolates, respectively, were resistant to ampicillin. All were sensitive to mecillinam and all except 2 were sensitive to co-trimoxazole. In salmonella carriers, co-trimoxazole was successful in 54% of the subjects and pivmecillinam/pivampicillin in 58%. Co-trimoxazole cured 83% of the shigella carriers and pivmecillinam/pivampicillin 87%. Shigella carriers responded to therapy promptly. Concurrent biliary disease or diverticulosis adversely affected the prognosis in salmonella carriers.

Adult↗