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Biomedical subjects

M K Hagiwara

Publications and source records attributed to M K Hagiwara.

12 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1998

Evaluation of neutrophilic function (chemotaxis, phagocytosis and microbicidal activity) in healthy dogs and in dogs suffering from recurrent deep pyoderma.

The modified Boyden's technique of chemotaxis ('leading front' method) and the bacterial killing test with Staphylococcus sp. stained with acridine orange were performed with suspensions of granulocytes from 50 healthy dogs. Lipopolisacharide of Escherichia coli, in normal dog serum was used as the chemotactic factor. The mean value for the chemotactic differential found was 30.41 +/- 12.14 mu. The optimal concentration of bacteria and opsonins (normal dog serum) was 4 and 15%, respectively, and the ideal incubation period was 30 min. The mean values obtained for phagocytosis percentage, number of bacteria per PMN, phagocytosis index and percentage of dead bacteria, were 97.01 +/- 3.22%, 22.20 +/- 4.6, 21.53 +/- 4.50 and 45.30 +/- 9.18%, respectively. Granulocyte functions in 18 dogs with recurrent, chronic, deep pyoderma were assessed by the same methods. No significant difference between the two groups, for any of the evaluated parameters, was found. For elucidation of the pathogenesis of recurrent pyoderma, further studies involving humoral and cellular immunity and the complement system are required.

Animals↗
PubMed1995

Hematological changes induced by Bothrops jararaca venom in dogs.

The mechanism of consumption coagulopathy observed in cases of human envenomation by Bothrops jararaca is well established. However, this mechanism may vary according to the animal species studied. In order to study both the clinical and laboratory aspects of bothropic envenomation in dogs, a sublethal defibrinating dose of venom (100 micrograms/kg) was given intravenously. A coagulopathy similar to that observed in humans - including fibrinogen depletion, consumption of factors II, X, V and antithrombin III, and moderate thrombocytopenia - was observed. The presence of circulating activated platelets was also noted. Neutrophilic leukocytosis, lymphopenia, and monocytosis occurred at different times. Erythrocytic values remained normal in dogs treated with B. jararaca venom compared with those treated with saline alone. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate fell rapidly after venom administration and this fall was correlated logarithmically with fibrinogen concentration. Since the effects of envenomation in dogs is similar to that in humans, it was concluded that the dog can be used as a good animal model for studying human venom-induced coagulopathy.

Analysis of Variance↗
PubMed1993

Experimental citrinin nephrotoxicosis in dogs: renal function evaluation.

To assess renal function changes in acute nephrotoxicosis in dogs, the development and evolution of renal damage during induced citrinin intoxication were studied. Six dogs (experimental group) were given 10 mg citrinin/kg/BW every 24 h during 2 d, and 5 dogs (control group) received exclusively the diluent (1 ml 1% sodium carbonate/kg/BW/d for 2 d). The dogs were daily submitted to physical examination, urinalysis and blood biochemistry analyses (blood urea, serum creatinine, potassium, sodium and glucose) during 2 w. The citrinin-induced renal lesions were mainly in the proximal convoluted tubule and characterized by proteinuria, glucosuria and the presence of numerous granular casts in the urine sediment; these could be detected before elevations in blood urea and creatinine. Glucosuria was the earliest abnormality found and lasted 5 d, while proteinuria and cylindruria were observed from days 1 to 5 and from days 1 to 15, respectively. The glomerular filtration rate was slightly affected as observed by blood urea and creatinine elevations from days 2 to 5. Urine analysis is a useful tool for the evaluation of nephrotoxicity since most nephrotoxins act primarily on the proximal convoluted tubule.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Prevalence of feline leptospirosis: serologic survey and attempts of isolation and demonstration of the agent.

The occurrence of leptospiral infection in cats was determined through the detection of specific antibodies based on the results of microscopic agglutination test and the attempts of isolation and histological demonstration of leptospires from the kidneys of these animals. Of 172 serum samples examined by microscopic agglutination test, 22 (12.8%) were positive with titers greater than or equal to 100. The most frequent serovar was pomona. In relation to the sex, significant differences were not seen; however the age distribution showed that feline leptospirosis is more frequent in adult cats. The attempts for isolation and demonstration of L. interrogans from renal parenchyma by culture or Warthin Starry technics were unsuccessful.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Comparative study between microscopic agglutination and complement fixation tests in experimental canine leptospirosis.

In order to evaluate the antibody response to pathologic leptospira from both serovars icterohaemorrhagiae and canicola, dogs were experimentally inoculated with these leptospiras. Each of the serovar were inoculated in 15 dogs and the antibody response in the acute phase of infected was followed by microscopic agglutination and complement fixation tests. Complement fixing antibodies were detected in both groups at the 4th day post infection and agglutinins appeared in circulation at the 7th day post infection when homologous antigens were used. On the 63rd day post infection with serovar canicola and on 56th day post infection with serovar icterohaemorrhagiae, complement fixing antibodies could no longer be detected but, in both experimental groups, specific agglutinins were presented in significant titers.

Agglutination Tests↗
PubMed1975

[Canine leptospirosis in the state of São Paulo (author's transl)].

In this paper the occurrence of leptospirosis was studied by the search of agglutininis antileptospira, in 10 dogs with symptoms of the disease. Another group of 22 animals with hepatic or renal insufficiency was also studied for the correlation between both insufficiency and leptospirosis. Finally, a third group of 40 dogs, clinically normal, was also included in this study. In 60% of suspected cases the clinical diagnosis was confirmed by the presence of specific agglutinins to serotypes icterohaemorrhagiae, canícola, grippotyphosa and bataviae. Among animals with renal or hepatic insufficiency it was found 36.3% of reagents while in the normal group the rate was only 7.5%. The serotype butembo was detected serologically in dogs for the first time in Brazil.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Decreased erythrocyte osmotic fragility during canine leptospirosis.

Erythrocyte osmotic fragility (EOF) was carried out in nineteen dogs naturally infected by Leptospira interrogans serovar icterohaemorrhagiae/copenhagi. A decreased EOF was observed, suggesting a modification of erythrocyte components secondary to disturbances that occur during canine leptospirosis, such as renal damage and hepatic disease.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Toxoplasma gondii infection in Brazilian domestic outpatient cats.

The occurrence of Toxoplasma antibodies in domestic outpatient cats in the city of São Paulo was evaluated using the indirect immunofluorescence assay. A total of 248 blood samples obtained from male and female cats seen at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital at the University of São Paulo between February 1996 and January 1997 were tested. Of these, 17.7% were positive, with a 64 titer being detected in most animals. The frequence of Toxoplasma antibodies was significantly higher in older cats, those fed raw meat and those with free access to the outdoor environment. There was no significant difference in reactivity between males and females. We conclude that diet and free access to the outdoor environment were equally important as predisposing factors to the risk of Toxoplasma infection.

Age Distribution↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in dogs from Cotia county, São Paulo State, Brazil.

Dogs sera samples collected from Cotia County, São Paulo were tested using indirect immunoenzymatic test (ELISA) in order to study Lyme disease serology in dogs. ELISA method was standardized and G39/40 North American strain of Borrelia burgdorferi was used as antigen. Positive results were confirmed employing the Western blotting technique. Because of the possibility of cross-reactions, sera were also tested for different serological strains of Leptospira interrogans and L. biflexa using microscopic sera agglutination test. Twenty-three of 237 (9.7%) serum samples were positive in the ELISA; 20 of them (86.9%) were confirmed by the Western blotting, what suggests that Cotia may be a risk area for Lyme disease. Although 4 samples (1.7%) were positive for Lyme disease and leptospirosis, no correlation was found between the results (X(2) = 0.725; p = 0.394) what suggests absence of serological cross reactivity.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Experimental infection and horizontal transmission of Bartonella henselae in domestic cats.

In order to study B. henselae transmission among cats, five young cats were kept in confinement for two years, one of them being inoculated by SC route with B. henselae (10(5) UFC). Only occasional contact among cats occurred but the presence of fleas was observed in all animals throughout the period. Blood culture for isolation of bacteria, PCR-HSP and FTSZ (gender specific), and BH-PCR (species-specific), as well as indirect immunofluorescence method for anti-B. henselae antibodies were performed to confirm the infection of the inoculated cat as well as the other naive cats. Considering the inoculated animal, B. henselae was first isolated by blood culture two months after inoculation, bacteremia last for four months, the specific antibodies being detected by IFI during the entire period. All contacting animals presented with bacteremia 6 months after experimental inoculation but IFI did not detect seroconversion in these animals. All the isolates from these cats were characterized as Bartonella (HSP and FTSZ-PCR), henselae (BH-PCR). However, DNA of B. henselae could not be amplified directly from peripheral blood by the PCR protocols used. Isolation of bacteria by blood culture was the most efficient method to diagnose infection compared to PCR or IFI. The role of fleas in the epidemiology of B. henselae infection in cats is discussed.

Animals↗