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Biomedical subjects

M Köhler

Publications and source records attributed to M Köhler.

At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Metoclopramide plasma levels following oral administration of high doses for prophylaxis of emesis in cytostatic therapy].

To investigate the effectiveness of high oral doses of the antiemetic agent 4-amino-5-chloro-N-(2-diethyl-aminoethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide (metoclopramide, MCP, Gastrosil) against nausea and vomiting induced by certain cyostatic drugs, blood was withdrawn repeatedly from 9 patients; MCP plasma levels were then determined. Patients received 3 X 50 mg MCP-hydrochloride tablets in intervals of 4 h. Plasma levels determined from 7 patients were as follows: 173 ng/ml 1 h following the first dose of MCP 235 ng/ml 1 h following the second dose and finally 265 ng/ml following the third dose. Using the oral MCP dosage regimen presented in this study, high and relatively constant MCP plasma concentrations without undesired peak levels could be achieved.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1983

Pharmacokinetics of metioprim in normal subjects and patients with impaired renal function.

The pharmacokinetics of metioprim, a new competitive inhibitor of bacterial dihydrofolate reductases, were studied after a single oral dose of 100 mg in two young healthy subjects, four elderly volunteers, and eight patients with impaired renal function. The pharmacokinetic parameters of unchanged metioprim were derived by analyzing plasma level curves using a two-compartment model. Plasma half-lives determined for the beta phase were 10.5 to 11.5 h in young volunteers, 12.0 to 12.9 h in elderly subjects, and 13.2 to 15.3 h in patients with renal impairment. A significant correlation between the overall elimination rate constant and the creatinine clearance was demonstrated.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Arterial and venous thrombosis and normal response to streptokinase treatment in a young patient with severe Hageman factor deficiency.

The case history of a patient with severe factor XII deficiency (factor XII activity and concentration below 1%) is described. The case reported gives further evidence that factor XII deficiency leads to a prolonged euglobulin lysis time. This might be a risk factor indicating a proneness to thromboembolic events. The young man suffered from arterial and venous thrombosis, and underwent lower extremity amputation without bleeding complications, as well as thrombolytic therapy to save the other leg. There was a normal response to streptokinase, heparin, and phenprocoumon treatment.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Thrombin-induced platelet malondialdehyde (MDA) formation in normal subjects and in women taking oral contraceptives.

Thrombin-induced platelet malondialdehyde (MDA) production and platelet count were studied in 82 male and 74 female healthy blood donors. 37 women on oral contraceptives (OC) had significantly lower values of MDA production than women who were not using the pill. There were no statistically significant differences of MDA production in women on a low dose estrogen, a medium dose, and a relatively high dose. Males had significantly higher values than females. In 15 further subjects (5 males, 5 OC-users, 5 OC-nonusers) the kinetics of MDA formation was determined by using increasing doses of thrombin. No significant differences could be found. Platelet count in women on OCs was lightly increased, but the difference was not significant.

Blood Platelets↗
PubMed1982

[Microbial side chain splitting of phenylurea and carbonic acid anilides].

A Gram- negative rod-shaped bacterium 28/1 isolated by enrichment cultures is able to hydrolyze the amide bond of some phenylurea herbicides and acid anilide herbicides by an inducible amidase. 7.5% of 0.3 mumol.ml-1 linuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1-methoxy-1-methylurea) are hydrolyzed after 16 hours. 1,1-Dimethylphenylureas are not degraded. Acid anilides are hydrolyzed at a higher rate, 80% of 0.5 mumol.ml-1 N-(4-chlorophenyl)-propionamide and N-(4-nitrophenyl)-propionamide are transformed after 6 hours. The 1-methoxy-1-methyl phenylureas are effective inducers. Linuron-induced cells have a specific activity of 3-4 nmol per mg dry weight per min on the substrate N-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-propionamide (Propanil). The rate of hydrolysis is influenced by substituents of the aniline ring and by the structure of the side chain of the acid anilides.

Amidohydrolases↗
PubMed1981

Normovolemic hemodilution in peripheral arterial disease.

In 25 patients with arterial occlusive disease in clinical stage IV (Fontaine) a normovolemic hemodilution to an average hematocrit of 0.31 +/- 0.02 was performed. Eighteen patients had peripheral ulcers of the lower limbs and three had ulcers of the upper limbs. Four patients had lesions of both hands and feet. The average age of the patients was 43. Hemodilution was achieved by repeated withdrawals of approximately 500 ml of blood, followed by reinfusion of the autologous plasma and infusion of low-molecular weight dextran solution to avoid hypovolemia. In all patients with peripheral ulcers of the upper limbs, a good to a very good clinical effect was obtained. The healing tendency of lesions on the feet and toes were less marked and depended basically on the total number of vascular impediments. The rheological and hemodynamic basis of the therapeutic effect of hemodilution and the preliminary criteria for indicating this therapy are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Diffusional system for examination of the solubility and penetration of water-insoluble compounds (author's transl)].

A diffusion cell type which is suitable for investigation of water-insoluble compounds is shown. The chamber consists of two compartments, the so-called bottom-chamber, which contains the solid substance under investigation, and the main chamber, which is above it. In this chamber only the dissolved part of the substance is present. The solubility of dibenzylsulfide was determined and it was demonstrated that the dissolved part of this compound is accumulated by a receptor substance from the liquid phase.

Benzyl Compounds↗
PubMed1979

Hemodilution (HD) in patients with ischemic skin ulcers.

In 25 patients with arterial occlusive disease in the clinical stage IV according to Fontaine a hemodilution down to an average hematocrit value of 0.31 +/- 0.02 was performed. Eighteen patients had peripheral ulcers of the lower limbs and 3 patients had ulcers of the upper ones. Four patients had tissular lesions both at the level of the feet and toes and hand and fingers. The average age of the patients was 43. Hemodilution was achieved by repeated withdrawals of approx. 500 ml blood, followed by reinfusion of the autologous plasma associated with infusion of substitutive solutions of low-molecular weight dextran to avoid hypovolemia. In all patients with peripheral ulcers of the upper limbs, with no exception, a good to a very good clinical effect was obtained ranging from extended to complete healing. The healing tendency of lesions in the feet and toe region was on the whole less marked and depended basically on the total number of vascular impediments found in one patient. The rheological and hemodynamic mechanism of the therapeutic effect of hemodilution, the preliminary criteria for indicating this therapy and its observed complications are discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1979

[Oxidative degradation of dibenzylsulfide].

Dibenzylsulfid (DBS) as a model of the organic sulfur compounds in crude oil was converted by a mixed culture (containing Pseudomonas aeruginosa) into several water soluble organic substances. Whereas these compounds are detectable with DC- and IR-spectroscopic techniques, benzylmercaptoacetic acid (BMA) was the only isolated product of DBS utilization. Efficiency of degradation, respectively, accumulation of BMA were dependent on aeration and pH-regulation.

Acetates↗
PubMed1979

[Metaphylaxis, protection of the disabled and assessment of impairments by extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (author's transl)].

Problems of metaphylaxis, the care of disabled and impairments by extrapulmonary tuberculosis need special attention in the care of patients by the Policlinical Department for lung-diseases and tuberculosis. In order to realise and to approve the specific control recommendations for the follow-up and examination of impairments are given by which the work of care-services and the execution of control-measure on the appointed day in their daily activities is facilitated. Bacteriological control by culture and special X-ray-examination must be performed with superior rank. The assessment of impairments and the protection of the disabled correspond to the opinion of experts in these special fields where extrapulmonary tuberculosis has any importance.

Disability Evaluation↗