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Biomedical subjects

M Köhler

Publications and source records attributed to M Köhler.

At least 253 records · Page 14Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

[Simultaneous measurement of indirect (Doppler-ultrasonic-technique) and direct arterial systolic blood pressure of the human radial artery (author's transl)].

At 28 subjects without arterial occlusive disease, the systolic blood pressure of the radial artery was recorded simultaneously by means of the Doppler Ultrasonic Auscultatory Method (Doppler Ultrasonic Wall Motion Technique) and by intraarterial needle and strain-gauge manometer, and the results were compared. In the overall collective the mean values of the systolic pressure were nearly identical (139.6 and 139.7 mm Hg). This applies also to the standard deviation (+/- 19,9 and +/- 19,4). The correlation coefficient was 0.90. These results point to the validity of the indirect measurement of the peripheral systolic pressure by means of the Ultrasonic Doppler Technique. However, there must be taken into consideration that in a particular case there can arise a larger deviation at normal arteria. Possibilities of technical errors at the blood pressure recorded by intraarterial needle and strain-gauge manometer as well as on determining the blood pressure with compression method will be considered. It is concluded that Doppler Method provides a sensitive and accurate noninvasive approach for measurement of peripheral systolic arterial pressure.

Arm↗
PubMed1977

[The agar diffusion method round table discussion on the methods and indications for determining blood levels of aminoglycosides (author's transl)].

The present-day technique of determining the concentration of aminoglycosides in blood by agar diffusion is described including the apparatuses, set-up, and reliability tests. The results of comparative investigations showed a higher degree of conformity in Mueller-Hinton agar than in standard agar. Due to its accuracy the agar diffusion method is especially suited for the calculation of dosage recommendations and for the prediction of the maximal and minimal blood levels during treatment with aminoglycosides.

Agar↗
PubMed1976

[Sisomicin versus gentamicin. A comparison of antibacterial and pharmacokinetic properties (author's transl)].

In a comparison of the antibacterial in-vitro activity of sisomicin, gentamicin, and tobramycine, sisomicin showed a higher activity against E. coli, indole-positive Proteus spp. and organisms of the Klebsiella-Enterobacter-Serratia group, whereas tobramycine was superior against Pseudomonas spp. However, the differences in activity between sisomicin and gentamicin were only within one step of dilution which is hardly sufficient to guarantee a basic superiority of one or the other preparation for clinical purposes. In 12 healthy probands serum levels and renal elimination of sisomicin and gentamicin after a single intramuscular injection of 1 mg/kg body weight were investigated in a randomised change-over trial. With corresponding serum levels, almost identical elimination half-lives of 109 and 111 minutes, and recovery values of 84 and 88.4%, respectively, there were no significant differences in the pharmacokinetics of sisomicin and gentamicin. Thus in the antibacterial treatment of gentamicin-sensitive gram-negative organisms sisomicin presents an equally good alternative. With organisms only moderately sensitive or resistant to gentamicin, sisomicin, tobramycine and amikacin should be additionally tested.

Anti-Bacterial Agents↗
PubMed1976

[Studies on the effect of nutritional factors on the rumen mucosa. 2. Report. Morphological conditions after feeding with fattening rations in various physical forms].

3 groups of fattening cattle (DSR breed) were fed rations of nearly identical composition for a period of 395-455 days. The rations consisted of either crushed (group I), finely ground (group II) or finely ground and pelleted material (group III). Samples of the ruminal mucosa from 26 animals were investigated macroscopically, microscopically and histologically. All samples from animals of group I were found to be normal whereas clumping of the villi, hyperkeratosis, atrophy and loss of villi over 40%-50% of the surface of the ruminal mucosa were observed in the animals from group II, and, to a larger extent in animals of group III. The main reason for the mentioned changes of that kind are the very fine foodstuff particles, less than 0.05 to 0.5 mm in length, which form extraneous deposits in the mucosa or act as cement substances between neighbouring villi. This leads to hyperkeratosis because these particles prevent desquamation of the corneal cells and at the same time produce conditions of compression; these, in turn, result in a hardening of the newly formed stratum corneum. Hypertrophy of the undamaged villi was observed in animals of group III receiving the pelleted ration (thickness of villi group III: 243 mum as compared with group I:196 mum). The unfavourable morphological state of the ruminal mucosa in animals of group III was associated with a reduced rate of daily weight gains and increased food consumption.

Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena↗
PubMed1976

Comparative evaluation of five aminoglycosides for treatment.

Gentamicin, tobramycin, sisomicin, amikacin and kanamycin are compared for therapeutic use by correlating the in vitro minimal inhibitory concentration with the in vivo concentration of the antibiotic attainable in the serum at half the time intervall between two administrations of the drugs. Using this method of evaluation, E. coli, Enterobacter and sensitive strains of the Klebsiella and Pseudomonas species can be treated in principle equally well with gentamicin, tobramycin and sisomicin, and to a large degree also with amikacin. Gentamicin, sisomicin and amikacin are useful against Serratia infections; but in each case, a higher dosage is needed. Within the family of aminoglycosides, sisomicin has a noteworthy activity against Enterobacter and Proteus species, while tobramycin is most outstanding against pseudomonas strains. Amikacin is especially useful against infections involving Klebsiella, Providencia and Pseudomonas strains with resistance to nearly all antibiotics including the other aminoglycosides.

Amikacin↗