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M Kallioinen

Publications and source records attributed to M Kallioinen.

71 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

A biochemical and immunohistochemical study of collagen in sun-exposed and protected skin.

UV radiation can induce definitive ultrastructural and biochemical alterations in the dermis of the human skin that are independent of the aging process. We present observations on the solubility of collagen and the ratio of type III/type I collagen in skin protected from the sun (abdomen/axilla) and exposed to the sun (neck/face) in 15 subjects, together with histological and immunohistochemical data on the same subjects. The solubility of collagen in acetic acid was similar for protected and exposed skin and solubility in the pepsin-digestable fraction was not significantly altered by chronic sun damage. This indicates that UV radiation does not affect synthesis or cross-link formation of the collagen chains of the human skin in vivo. Further studies indicated that the proportion of type III collagen in pepsin-soluble fraction was not increased in actinic damage. These findings were in line with immunohistochemical studies using antibodies to type III procollagen.

Aged↗
PubMed1988

Ultrasound in the detection of adrenal tumours.

An analysis was made of the ultrasound (US) findings in 110 patients with proven or ultrasonographically suspected adrenal tumours. A total of 212 glands were imaged, 117 of which contained a tumour. The diagnosis was confirmed histologically in 50 cases and by imaging and follow-up in 162 cases. Normal glands were visualized ultrasonically in 27 out of 40 glands on the right and 5 out of 55 on the left. US detected 55 out of 59 primary adrenal tumours and 49 out of 58 secondary tumours, showing a sensitivity of 89%. In 13 tumours ultrasonography gave a false negative result, and in 13 cases a false positive one. Benign or primary malignant tumours and metastases could not be differentiated on the basis of echo-structure, but a large heterogeneous tumour in a patient with no known extra-adrenal malignancy is probably a primary malignant adrenal tumour.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1987

Ultrasound in acute and chronic cholecystitis.

Sonograms of 412 consecutive patients with operatively and histologically proven acute or chronic cholecystitis were reviewed retrospectively. 267 of them had been operated on in an acute phase of gallbladder disease and 145 had undergone an elective operation. 236 patients had an operative and/or histological diagnosis of acute cholecystitis and 176 both operatively and histologically confirmed chronic cholecystitis. A thickened gallbladder wall was seen in 80% of acute cases, wall sonolucency in 39%, dilated gallbladder in 60%, sludge in 26% and stones in 75%, the corresponding proportions of the chronic cases being 18%, 4%, 12%, 13% and 93%. A contracted gallbladder with stones was seen in 15% of the chronic and 1% of the acute cholecystitis cases. 90% of the acute cases had two or more sonographic abnormalities, whereas 70% of the chronic cases had only one abnormality, most frequently gallstones. Only one normal sonographic finding was recorded in each group.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1987

Necrobiosis lipoidica: ultrastructural and biochemical demonstration of a collagen defect.

Ten patients with necrobiosis lipoidica lesions were studied. Five patients had diabetes mellitus. The age of the patients varied from 15 to 73 years and the duration of the skin lesions was from 2 to 20 years. Histologically, the lesions were characterized by degeneration of collagen and elastin. In some lesions elastin fibers could be seen in areas devoid of normal-looking collagen. Electron microscopy revealed loss of cross-striation of collagen fibrils and a marked variation in the diameter of individual collagen fibrils. The concentration of collagen, measured by assay of hydroxy-proline, a collagen-specific amino acid, was markedly decreased in the lesional skin, but the ratio of type I/III collagen was unchanged in the affected skin. Fibroblasts established from affected skin synthesized less collagen than cells derived from healthy-looking skin. The decreased collagen synthesis was due to a decreased amount of messenger RNA for type I procollagen, measured by hybridization with a specific human cDNA clone. The production of collagenase by these fibroblasts was not increased. Our results thus indicate that in necrobiosis lipoidica lesions, collagen fibrils are defective and the amount of collagen is reduced, probably due to decreased synthesis of collagen by affected fibroblasts.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Desmoplastic trichoepithelioma. Clinical aspects, histology and differential diagnosis].

Twelve desmoplastic trichoepitheliomas (DT) including one recurrent tumor from 9 patients are described by their clinical and histopathological features with special reference to the differential diagnostic aspects. DT typically appear as dimple lesions with raised edges in the faces of young females and histologically is composed of epithelial sheets and keratinized or calcified cysts in a desmoplastic stroma. A case showing cellular pleomorphism and followed by a relapse may represent an aggressive variant of DT. DT must be distinguished from syringoma, trichoepithelioma and especially basal cell carcinoma (BCC).

Biopsy↗
PubMed1986

Basement membranes in experimentally induced skin tumors.

Basement membrane changes in the epidermis and hair follicle apparatus resulting from topical 9,10-dimethylbenzanthracene applications were studied in mice, rats, and hamsters by light and electron microscopy and using antibodies to human collagen type IV and laminin. The basement membrane was distinct in epidermal hyperplasia, dysplasia, and papillomas, as well as around most of the keratoacanthomas and squamous cell carcinomas, which showed basement membrane irregularities, thickening, and reduplication in some areas. The invading edges of the squamous cell carcinomas with inflammatory infiltrates were devoid of laminin and collagen. Collagen IV and laminin-positive structures were observed around preserved follicular structures in rat: hair nevi and hair-follicle nevi, but partly absent around trichoepitheliomas and trichofolliculomas. Basal cell tumors were usually surrounded by a distinct basement membrane, which was lacking around some tumor cells.

9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene↗
PubMed1985

Immunoelectron microscope demonstration of the basement membrane components laminin and type IV collagen in the dermal cylindroma.

Specific antisera to the human laminin P1 fragment and the 7S domain of type IV collagen were used to investigate the ultrastructural location of these main basement membrane (BM) components in a dermal cylindroma. Thick frozen sections were treated by the immunoperoxidase method, postfixed, embedded in epon and then sectioned for electron microscopic examination. Laminin and type IV collagen were detected in all layers of the cylindroma BM, together with non-specifically stained, diffusely distributed fibrillar structures, possible microfibrils and anchoring fibrils or residual stromal collagen fibres. The mixed presence of the BM components indicates that these substances codistribute rather than occurring as separate layers even when forming neoplastic basement membranes.

Aged↗
PubMed1984

Occurrence of acid and neutral cysteine proteinase inhibitors in epidermal malignancies: immunohistochemical study.

Acid cysteine proteinase inhibitor ( ACPI ) and neutral cysteine proteinase inhibitor ( NCPI ) were localized in human epidermal malignancies by the unlabelled peroxidase-antiperoxidase complex method. Basaliomas did not contain ACPI or NCPI . In spinous, metatypic , and clear cell carcinomas of the epidermis, both inhibitors were located in the cytoplasm and sometimes on the cell membranes of the differentiated carcinoma cells. The inhibitors were not seen in the 1 or 2 most "basal" cells layers of the carcinoma islets. The locations of both inhibitors were similar, and the staining for ACPI was usually more intense than staining that NCPI .

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1984

Discontinuity of the basement membrane in fibrosing basocellular carcinomas and basosquamous carcinomas of the skin: an immunohistochemical study with human laminin and type IV collagen antibodies.

Thirteen basocellular carcinomas (BCC) of different histologic types and 5 basosquamous carcinomas (BSC) of the skin were stained for laminin and type IV collagen with rabbit antibodies against the human basement membrane (BM) proteins, using an immunoperoxidase technique. The BM around the tumor aggregates contained both laminin and type IV collagen, and was continuous and distinct in all the nonfibrosing BCCs but indistinct or interrupted in the fibrosing BCCs and BSCs. The BM was not influenced by the focal adnexal differentiation of the BCC cells. The disintegrity of the BM in the fibrosing BCCs and BSCs may reflect some kind of disturbance in the interaction between the neoplastic epithelium and the connective tissue stroma, and be connected with the more aggressive nature of these tumors compared with ordinary BCCs. Thus local aggressive behavior seems to be accompanied by defects in the BM.

Antibodies↗
PubMed1984

Basement membrane laminin and type IV collagen in various benign and malignant adnexal tumors of the skin: an immunohistochemical study.

Thirty benign and seven malignant adnexal tumors of the skin and one lymph node metastasis were stained for laminin and type IV collagen with rabbit antibodies against the human basement membrane (BM) proteins using the immunoperoxidase technique. Fifteen of the benign sweat gland, sebaceous gland, and hair follicle tumors showed a continuous and distinct BM around the tumor aggregates. The cylindromas and eccrine spiradenomas seemed to produce excessive amounts of BM material, part of which was seen as amorphic patches within the tumor cell clusters, whereas the trichofolliculomas, trichoepitheliomas, and pilomatrixomas showed an absence of BM from many areas. In syringomas, in addition to the tubular structures surrounded by a continuous BM, undifferentiated cell nests containing granular BM material were present. They probably represent primitive structures obtaining during early development into tubules. The seven malignant tumors and the only metastasis studied here all contained small, narrow strips of BM material extracellularly between the infiltrating tumor clusters. Only in two cases was faint staining for laminin found within the cells. The pepsin pretreatment of the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded samples had most probably degraded the intracytoplasmic BM material in most cases. The BM defects were found to be associated with malignancy and low differentiation of the adnexal skin tumors, as reported previously for other tumor types, but a partial loss of BM was also associated with high differentiation in some benign adnexal tumors.

Adenoma↗
PubMed1984

Desmoplastic trichoepithelioma: clinico-pathological features and immunohistochemical study of the basement membrane proteins, laminin and type IV collagen.

Six desmoplastic trichoepitheliomas (DT) from four patients were studied immunohistochemically, using antibodies to the human PI fragment of laminin and the 7S domain of type IV collagen. The staining of the basement membrane around the tumour clusters was distinct and continuous in most areas, but there were discontinuities and a granular appearance of the basement membrane in the areas of keratinized cysts and calcification around some unorganized epithelial cell nests. The discontinuities of the basement membranes may be a sign of epithelial degeneration or altered differentiation rather than malignancy.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

beta-2-microglobulin in benign and malignant adnexal skin tumors and metastasizing basocellular carcinomas.

Immunostaining for beta-2-microglobulin (beta-2m) was performed on various benign and malignant adnexal skin tumors and 3 cases of metastasizing basocellular carcinomas. All the tumors and their metastases, with the exception of 2 basocellular carcinomas gave evidence of beta-2m. Most tumors contained both stained and unstained cells. The stained cells showed differentiation, the unstained ones appeared to be undifferentiated and basal-like in character. The staining of cutaneous tumors for beta-2m may offer a tool for investigating tumor differentiation, but seems not to be of much value in distinguishing malignant from benign lesions.

Basal Cell Carcinoma↗
PubMed1983

beta-2-Microglobulin in primordial and differentiated basocellular carcinomas and basosquamous carcinomas.

27 cases of basocellular carcinomas and basosquamous carcinomas of the skin were classified into primordial and differentiated basocellular carcinomas and basosquamous carcinomas and stained for beta-2-microglobulin using the immunoperoxidase technique. All the differentiated basocellular carcinomas and some of the basosquamous carcinomas contained beta-2-microglobulin, but none was found in the primordial basocellular carcinomas. Staining of basal cell tumors for beta-2-microglobulin may be helpful in interpreting adnexoid and epidermoid differentiation in skin tumors.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

Diagnostic imaging of focal nodular hyperplasia of the liver developing during nitrofurantoin therapy.

An asymptomatic palpable liver tumor developed in a six-year-old girl seven months after commencement of prophylactic nitrofurantoin therapy for recurrent urinary tract infections. The tumor was examined by 99mTc colloid radionuclide scan, compound ultrasonography and angiography. Ultrasonography demonstrated a large, solid tumor (5 x 5 x 8 cm) in the right lobe of the liver which had an echogenic central core surrounded by an area giving low-amplitude echoes. Angiography disclosed that the tumor was well demarcated and hypervascular, containing large tortuous arteries. The uptake of radionuclide in the tumor was normal. The tumor was resected and the pathological findings were typical for focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) of the liver. The combination of the findings of these three diagnostic imaging methods is probably specific for uncomplicated FNH, a benign and innocuous tumor of the liver.

Aorta, Abdominal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Radiation therapy induces tenascin expression and angiogenesis in human skin.

In analysing radiation-induced connective tissue changes, we studied tenascin expression, elastic fibres, angiogenesis and physio-mechanical properties in irradiated and contralateral healthy skin of radiotherapy-treated breast cancer patients. Skin biopsies were obtained from a radiotherapy-treated skin area and a corresponding non-treated skin area. Haematoxylin-eosin and Verhoeff stainings as well as immunohistochemical stainings for tenascin and factor VIII were performed. Epidermal and total skin thickness, together with the amount of elastic tissue calculated by computerized digital image analysis, were measured. Suction blisters were induced on both skin areas. Transepidermal water loss was analysed. Skin elasticity was also measured. Tenascin expression was found to be increased in irradiated human skin. In haematoxylin-eosin and factor VIlI-stained sections, an increase in the number of blood vessels was detected. Although skin stiffness measured by an elastometer was increased in irradiated skin, no marked difference in the elastic fibres could be found between treated and non-treated skin. The increased tenascin expression could be due to activation of cytokines as a result of irradiation. An increase in angiogenesis could be caused by an activation of angiogenetic factors by irradiation or due to direct radiation damage on blood vessel walls. Our findings suggest that the effects of irradiation tend to accumulate in the dermal parts of skin. The higher skin stiffness values measured by elastometer in irradiated skin could be due to an accumulation of dermal connective tissue as a result of irradiation.

Adult↗