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M Kersting

Publications and source records attributed to M Kersting.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Energy and nutrient supply during childhood. VII. Vitamins. (author's transl)].

Vitamin intake (retinol, carotene, thiamine, riboflavin, niacin, ascorbic acid) of 2--14 year old children living at home is reported. The vitamin supply corresponds with the recommendations of the committees for nutrition of the Federal Republic of Germany, of the German Democratic Republic, of the United Kingdom and of USA. The vitamin intake of the children is in the same range with the vitamin intake of children in similar European countries. Children in USA get more vitamins with their diet. There are more foodstuffs with added vitamins in USA than in Europe. The children observed by us received with their warm midday meals 40--60% of their daily vitamin intake. Determinations of the mean vitamin intake for an individual child need longer observation periods (6--8 weeks) than determinations for other nutrients. With a mixed well-composed diet children have a good supply with vitamins.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Energy and nutrient supply during childhood. V. Iron intake (author's transl)].

The iron intake of 2--14 year old children living at home is reported. The iron intake of 2--3 year old boys amounts to 7.5 +/- 1.2 mg/day, of girls to 7.1 +/- 1.3 mg/day. The iron intake increases to 13.0 +/- 2.4 mg/day in 12--14 year old boys and to 11.6 +/- 1.6 mg/day in girls. The iron content of the food is 4.7--5.6 mg/1,000 kcal, independent of age and sex. 1/3 of the iron comes from animal foodstuffs, 2/3 from vegetable foodstuffs. After an observation period of at least 4 weeks 50% of the observed children reached their individual mean iron intake.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Remarks concerning the treatment of hyperkinetic children with the so-called "diet poor in phosphate (author's transl)].

Compared with normal diets, the so-called "diet poor in phosphate" is really not poor in phosphate. Phosphate intake amounts only to 3% when ingested as food stuffs with phosphate additions permitted by law. The so-called "diet poor in phosphate" is poor in carbohydrates, dietary fiber and ascorbic acid. Animal proteins and fats, however, are high in this diet there by increasing the cholesterol intake. We cannot recommend this so-called "diet poor in phosphate" for children.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Nutrition in preschool and school age (author's transl)].

The results of energy and nutrient consumption surveys of 2--14 year old children in their families are described. It is shown that the average energy and nutrient consumption of an age-group is not obligatory for a single child. Based on menus the amount of the different foodstuffs for the average energy and nutrient supply of preschool and schoolchildren is demonstrated. Children receive on average, independent of their socio-economic background, a mixed diet which, in our present knowledge, guarantees a good supply with energy and nutrients. The risk factors in the modern trend in nutrition, as increasing consumption of skimmed milk and skimmed dairy products, carbohydrate rich foodstuffs of low biological value and sweetened drinks are discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[Energy and nutrient supply during childhood. II. Protein supply (author's transl)].

The protein supply of 2--14 year old children in their families is reported. The food intake was measured with the precise weighing method. The protein intake amounts to 38 +/- 7 g/day (2.3 g/kg/day) for the 2--3 year old boys, 69 +/- 10 g/day (1.8 g/kg/day) for the 12--14 year old boys. The protein intake of girls, absolute and per kg bodyweight, averages 10% less. Protein constitutes 11--12% of the energy supply, 2/3 originating from animal foodstuffs, 1/3 from vegetable foodstuffs. Milk and dairy products have a proportion of 34--41%, meat and meat products of 20%. The protein distribution among the different meals is shown. After 25 days almost all the children reach their mean value for their individual protein intake with a standard error of +/- 5%. In each age group 54--59% of the children differ in their mean protein intake from each other. The protein supply recommended for a certain age group should not be obligatory for the individual child. The protein supply of the various age groups and of the individual child is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

[On additional food for young infants on commercially prepared milk formulae before the age of four months (author's transl)].

Infants often get extra food ("Beikost") in addition to their milk formula at an earlier time than recommended in text-books of pediatrics. The dangers connected with such feeding practices, i.e. insufficient protein and calcium supply and an overnutrition with carbohydrates, are pointed out. Gluten sensibilisation as a result of early feeding with milk-pap, the high content of sugar in fruit preparations, the addition of salt and the nitrate content of vegetables are discussed. A better label of the composition for industrially prepared "Beikost" is recommended. There exists no nutritional or psychological reason to start with "Beikost" before the 4th month of life for infants fed on industrially prepared milk formulae with added vitamines and minerals.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1977

[Energy and nutrient supply during childhood. I. Food intake and energy supply (author's transl)].

From 1965--1975 the food intake and energy supply of children aged 2--14 years in families of different social classes were studied with the precise weighing method. The individual child was surveyed on an average of 21--42 successive days. Energy intake increased from 1450 for boys aged 2--3 years to 2600 kcal/day for boys aged 12--14 years, girls of the same age had an energy intake between 1300 to 2400 kcal/day. The differences between boys and girls regarding energy intake, absolute and per kg body weight, are shown. Our results of the energy intake are representative for children of the same age groups in other highly industrialized countries. The energy intake of preschool-children was equally distributed among 4 meals per day, whereas in school-children it was distributed among 5 meals with different energy contents. 35--50% of the energy supply is of animal origin, 60--65% of vegetable origin. The contribution of different food groups to the energy supply and the differences in the intake of these food groups between pre-school-and school-children are demonstrated. For the individual child a survey period of 21--28 days is necessary to obtain its individual average energy intake with the maximum standard deviation. The significance of general averages for the energy supply of age groups regarding the individual child is discussed. The day to day variations of energy intake in children are shown. The significance of these variations for nutrition in health and disease is discussed.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ambulant training programs for obese children. Criterions of comparison for the development of valid therapy recommendations].

Valid knowledge concerning structure and contents of an ambulant training program for obese children and adolescents suggested by experts is still missing. In 1999/2000, we assessed a survey based on defined criterions in the "Arbeitsgemeinschaft für pädiatrische Diäthetik (APD)" and investigated the literature to cover and to compare based on defined criterions the spectrum of ambulant treatment models in Germany to advance guidelines for therapy in obese children. 13 ambulant training programs were detected. Training of children aged 8 to 12 years and their parents based on diet, behavioural treatment and sports therapy over couple of months without great experiences and without complete financing by health insurance were in common. Time volume of the training programs widely varies. In the seven evaluated training programs, up to one third of the patients broke off, while more than two third of the children successfully finished the training programs. The comparison of the programs failed on missing data concerning the collective, missing or different evaluation criteria, sometimes low number of patients and not standardised calculation of overweight. The survey reflects the often low experiences and the heterogeneous, insufficient evaluation of ambulant treatment models in Germany and demonstrates the great requirement of research. The schedule of criterions facilitates the comparison of programs to develop valid ambulant training programs for obese children.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of the training program "OBELDICKS" for obese children and adolescents].

UNLABELLED: The evaluation of treatment programs in obese children and adolescents is uncommon but necessary to prove effectiveness and to improve treatment modalities. We studied the effectiveness of the a one-year structured outpatient training programme "OBELDICKS" consisting of physical exercise, nutrition education and behaviour therapy in 132 participants based on the criterions developed by the Institute of Medicine and German Obesity Group (degree of weight reduction, improvement of comorbidity and health behaviour, minimising of side effects). Furthermore, we analysed degree of overweight (SDS-BMI) two years after the end of the outpatient training (n = 60). - 74 % of participants reduced their overweight (intention to treat). The mean reduction of SDS-BMI was 0.43. 34 % of the participants was not obese any more at end of the training. The degree of overweight was significantly (p < 0.001) lower two years after intervention compared to baseline. The comorbidity was improved (significant reduction of the frequencies of hypertension, dyslipidaemia and hyperuricaemia). The nutrition, exercise and eating habits (cognitive control and disinhibition of control) were significantly improved. Side effects were not found. CONCLUSION: The effectiveness based on the criterions of the Institute of Medicine and the German Obesity Group was proven for the outpatient training "OBELDICKS". Long-term weight reduction can be achieved in most of the obese participating children due to this long-term, specialised treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nutrient and energy administration with formula diets, exemplified by Crohn disease. 1. Classification and composition of formula diets and use in Crohn disease].

For the dietetic therapy of Crohn's Disease a large number of industrially manufactured balanced formula diets ("Bilanzierte Formula-Diäten") are available. The term "Bilanzierung" is discussed. Based on the biochemical characteristics of the chief ingredients, two main types of formula diets are distinguished: chemically defined or low molecular weight (amino acid, [oligo-]peptide) diets, and nutrient-defined or high molecular weight diets. A survey of 14 formula diets used for children with Crohn's Disease, and based on these chemical differences is presented.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Nutrient and energy administration with formula diets, exemplified by Crohn disease. 2. Calculation of energy and nutrient administration with various formula diets].

In a recent inquiry in Children's Hospitals (1st communication), the 14 formula diets generally used in cases of Crohn's Disease were determined. Based on an energy intake of 2,500 kcal/day (recommendations of the german nutrition council [DGE] and the U.S. standard [RDA]) and assuming correct dosage, intake values for the following nutrients were calculated: liquid, Na, Cl, K, Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Zn, Cu, J, Mn, vitamins A, D, E, B1, B2, B6, B12, C, and folic acid. Protein, fat and carbohydrates were calculated as energy equivalents. Osmolarities are based on manufacturers' specifications. The applicability of recommendations for healthy individuals to the nutritional needs of the sick is discussed. Comparing recommendations (DGE, RDA, B undesgesundheitsamt) with calculated intake values there are pronounced differences in the amounts of basic components (i.e. protein, fat, carbohydrates), whereas the formulas, with only a few exceptions, generally show a balanced picture for the other nutrients. It is pointed out that the manufacturers should use standardized nomenclature, specification of ingredients and instructions for dosage. The availability of balanced basic formulas, to be supplemented with individual components as necessary, would be highly desirable.

Crohn Disease↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Analysis of beta-catenin gene mutations in pancreatic tumors.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) tumor suppressor gene have been described in a subset of pancreatic carcinomas. The APC gene modulates the beta-catenin-Tcf pathway. The major player in this pathway is the beta-catenin protein encoded by the beta-catenin gene. A variety of different tumors, including colon, prostate, endometrial, and hepatocellular carcinomas, carry mutations in exon 3 of the beta-catenin gene. The aim of this study was to determine the role of the beta-catenin gene in the genesis of exocrine and endocrine tumors of the pancreas. METHODS: 78 ductal pancreatic adenocarcinomas, 14 ductal pancreatic cancer cell lines, and 33 endocrine pancreatic tumors were evaluated for mutations in exon 3 of the beta-catenin gene by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis and direct DNA sequencing. In addition, 40 ductal pancreatic adenocarcinomas were analyzed for intracellular beta-catenin accumulation by immunohistochemistry, indicating alterations of the beta-catenin gene. RESULTS: Neither the 111 exocrine and endocrine pancreatic tumors nor the 14 pancreatic cancer cell lines carried mutations in exon 3 of the beta-catenin gene. Intracellular beta-catenin accumulation was not identified in any of the 40 pancreatic adenocarcinomas. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that the beta-catenin gene as the major player of the beta-catenin-Tcf pathway does not play an important role in the genesis of pancreatic tumors.

Adenocarcinoma↗