PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Kirchgessner

Publications and source records attributed to M Kirchgessner.

At least 199 records · Page 11Linked to original sources
PubMed1982

[Concentration of different metabolites during experimental lead deficiency].

Different metabolite concentrations were determined in serum, liver, and femur of rats from the F1 generation of a lead-depletion experiment with 18 ppb lead in the depletion diet. In serum as well as in liver the protein concentrations were not different between depletion and control rats, whereas the femur of lead-depleted rats the protein concentration was higher than in control animals. A short time after weaning in young rats there was no difference in glucose and glycogen concentrations in liver between depletion group and the control group. On the contrary, in older lead-depleted rats the glucose concentration in liver was reduced. Massive changes in lead deficiency occurred in certain lipid fractions. In comparison with control rats, in lead-deficient rats the concentrations of triglycerides in serum and liver and the concentrations of LDL and phospholipids in liver were reduced. On the contrary, the livers of lead-depleted rats showed a higher cholesterol concentration than those of control animals. However, the cholesterol concentration in sera of lead-depleted rats was reduced.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Changes in absorption of manganese during gravidity and lactation].

Model studies were conducted using isolated everted sacs of small intestines of rats to test the absorption of manganese during pregnancy and lactation. The intestinal transfer of manganese to the serosal solution and the uptake of manganese into the intestinal wall were measured. The results agree well and yield a comparable pattern of absorption. The Mn absorption rises only slightly in the first and second third of gestation (6th and 12th days of gestation). In the third part of pregnancy (18th day), however, three times more manganese is absorbed compared to the nonpregnant, nonlactating control animals (p less than 0.001). The Mn transfer and uptake decrease distinctly at the day of birth (20th day of gestation and 1st day of lactation) but only for this short period. The absorption increases again significantly (p less than 0.05) on the 3rd, 5th and 8th days of lactation, respectively, while it decreases at the end of lactation (21st day of lactation) to the level of the controls. Reasons for this pattern are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[In vitro studies on vitamin B6 serosa to mucosa flow in response to various concentrations of pyridoxine HCl in the serous solution].

In vitro experiments using everted sacs of the jejunum of rats weighing about 160 g were conducted to study the possibility of a flux of pyridoxine . HCl (PN . HCl) from the serosa to the mucosa. After an incubation of 45 min with 0, 2, 4, 10, 25, 50, 100, 200 or 500 micrograms PN . HCl per milliliter of serosal solution the transport of vitamin B6 into the intestinal wall and into the mucosal solution was measured. Between the concentration of PN . HCl of the serosal solution and the amount of vitamin B6 transported into the mucosal solution and into the intestinal wall, respectively, there existed a linear correlation in the tested range. In comparison to the serosal amount, the amount transported into the mucosal solution and into the intestinal wall, respectively, was constant when the concentration of PN . HCl in the serosal solution exceeded 25 micrograms PN . HCl per milliliter. Consequently a reflux of vitamin B6 from serosa to mucosa is principally possible, whereby this reflux would depend on a concentration gradient, however. THe possible role of this reflux in respect of maintaining homeostasis of vitamin B6 in the organism is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Growth, food utilization and protein content of some organs with varying zinc and nickel supplies. 1. Interactions between nickel and zinc].

In two-factorial experiment with variable Zn- and Ni-content of the diet effects of interactions between iron and zinc on growth, food intake, food efficiency and protein concentration is serum, liver and pancreas of rats were investigated through a wide range of supply of both elements. Besides food efficiency interactions between zinc and nickel influenced all parameters, if certain relations of the both elements were imbalanced. Especially by growth it could be shown that either zinc deficiency could be reduced by excessive Ni supply nor Ni toxicity by elevated Zn content of the diet.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Nutritive effects of an intestinal alpha-glucosidases-inhibition in rats (author's transl)].

In a balance trial the effect of different dietary doses of the alpha-glucosidases-inhibitor Bay g5421 on nutrient digestibility and N-balance was tested with rats. The supplements of 30, 90 and 210 mg Bay g5421 per kg of feed reduced the digestibility of starch plus sucrose by 2, 16 and 27%. The protein digestibility decreased by 5, 14 and 19%. This shows that for the organism 3, 13 and 24% less digestible energy was available. The excretion of the urinary energy was not influenced in the different groups. The elevated fecal N excretion with the supplements of 30 and 90 mg Bay g5421 per kg of feed was compensated by a lower N-excretion in the urine. At the dose level of 210 mg Bay g5421 N balance was diminished.

Acarbose↗
PubMed1981

[Intestinal absorption of zinc during gravidity and lactation (author's transl)].

In two experimental series the absorption of zinc was continuously studied during gravidity and lactation with Sprague-Dawley rats of the same age. The absorption was measured in vitro with isolated, everted intestinal sacs. During the first third of gravidity the absorption of zinc--based on the intestinal Zn transfer to the serosal solution and the Zn uptake into the intestinal wall--rose at first slightly, during the second third it continued to increase, whereas there was a highly significant increase during the last third of gravidity in comparison to nongravid, nonlactating control animals (P less than 0.001). Shortly before parturition the absorption already started to fall and continued to do so during lactation. Therefore, Zn absorption was higher only in the first days of lactation in comparison to the controls (P less than 0.05). Reasons were discussed for these changes in the absorption during gravidity and lactation.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Pregnancy anabolism of the trace elements copper, zinc, nickel and manganese in sows].

In an experiment with 16 sows of the German Landrace the influence of gravidity and a varying dietary trace element supply on the total balance of copper, zinc, nickel and manganese was tested from the 21st day of gravidity until farrowing. The trial was of a factorial design (2X2X3). The balances were measured with 8 nongravid and 8 gravid sows at two levels of trace element supply (basic and supplemented groups) in three collecting periods. Additionally concentration of copper, zinc, and nickel and manganese was analyzed in the gestational products, namely in piglets, amniotic fluid and placenta. These balance trials were conducted to investigate whether there also is a pregnancy anabolism of copper, zinc, nickel and manganese in sows. Besides, the requirements of these trace elements of nongravid and gravid sows should be worked out. Trace element excretion in the gestational products amounted in comparison to the total fecal and urinary excretion to 2.3, 2.5, 0.4 and 0.2 per cent for Cu, Zn, Ni and Mn, respectively. The balances of zinc, nickel and also manganese were controlled homeo-statically in the nongravid sows with a higher intake of these elements. From the experimental data a daily requirement of 12 mg Cu, 50 mg Zn, 1.4 mg Ni and 50 mg Mn is established, i.e. 6 mg Cu, 25 mg Zn, 0.7 mg Ni and 25 mg Mn per kg of feed. At increased dietary supply of copper, zinc, nickel and manganese pregnancy anabolism of these elements took effect in sows. Dependent on the level of dietary supply in this experiment of zinc, nickel and manganese 33, 12, 19 and 12 per cent the dietary copper, were accreted anabolically in the maternal body itself.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Depletion studies on the essentiality of lead in growing rats].

In model studies with rats it was tested whether symptoms of deficiency could be induced if only lead was removed from an optimal composed diet. For this purpose, one growth experiment and one experiment over generations were conducted. In both experiments depletion diets were fed with a lead concentration of 45 +/- 5 ppb, whereas the control diet was supplemented with 1 ppm lead. In the growth experiment there were no differences in weight and hematological criteria between lead-depleted rats and control rats after 30 days. Similarly in the experiment over generation neither the mother p0 nor the young rats of the f1-generation showed changes in growth rate. However, hematological abnormalities could be measured in these rats of the f1-generation at the day of weaning. In comparison with the control rats the lead-depleted rats showed reduced values of Hct by about 11%, Hb by about 15% and MCV by about 9%. Therefore, these experiments demonstrated first physiological abnormalities as the result of lead-depletion, findings which indicate the essentiality of lead.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[Nitrogen balance and nitrogen utilization of non-lactating and lactating cows under various feeding frequency conditions].

A cross-over trial with nine nonlactating nonpregnant cows (experiment I) and a single-reversal trial with eight lactating cows (experiment II) were conducted to study the effect of feeding frequency upon nitrogen balance. The three treatments in experiment I were twice daily forage and concentrate, twice forage and eight times concentrate, and ten times forage and concentrate per day. In experiment II the animals received their forage and concentrate in two equal feedings daily or the forage in two and the concentrate in six meals per day. The diets had a severely restricted crude fiber content of only 16% in the dry matter of the total ration. In experiment I feeding frequency had no effect on fecal or urinary nitrogen excretion, nitrogen retention and nitrogen utilization. In experiment II, the urinary nitrogen excretion was significantly decreased by 9% in response to feeding concentrate six times daily. Fecal and milk nitrogen excretion as well as nitrogen retention and utilization criteria, however, were not significantly different for the two feeding frequencies.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[In vitro absorption of vitamin B 6 in various segments of the small intestine in male and female rats].

The influence of different segments of the small intestine on the absorption of vitamin B6 from the mucosal to the serosal solution was studied with varying concentrations of pyridoxine . HCl (PN . HCl) of mucosal solution in 18 male and female rats, each weighing 150 to 160 g. The absorption was measured by the in vitro method with everted sacs, which were prepared of the duodenum (DA 1) and six additional segments (DA 2-7) of a length of 12 cm. The everted sacs were incubated at vitamin B6 concentrations of 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 microgram PN . HCl per ml mucosal solution. Furthermore the dry matter and protein content of the intestinal wall was analyzed of 44 rats of either sex. Dry matter and protein content of the whole intestine of female rats were 3 per cent higher than of males. On the average of the male and female rats the protein content of the intestinal wall decreased from the proximal to the distal segments of the jejunum significantly by about 6 per cent, whereas dry matter content increased slightly. The ability to absorb vitamin B6 was significantly different between the intestinal segments, parallel in male and female rats. On the average of all concentrations the vitamin B6 uptake into the intestinal all and the vitamin B6 flux into the serosal solution was diminished by 30 and 50 per cent, respectively, from DA 1 to DA 7. A sexuell difference concerning absorbability of vitamin B6 did not appear. Between the concentration of PN . HCl of the mucosal solution and the absorption of vitamin B6 existed a highly positive correlation.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

[The contribution of betaine and glutamic acid to nitrogen digestion and balance during feeding of vinasse to growing pigs].

A conventional balance trial was conducted with growing pigs to study to what extent betaine and glutamic acid contained in vinasse (condensed molasses solubles) contribute to N digestion and balance. Five pigs each were given either a basal diet (95% ground barley + 5% cellulose) or a mixed ration of 77% basal diet plus 23% vinasse, based on dry matter (DM). The vinasse contained, per kg DM, 29.6 g N, 27.7 g NPN, 22.5 g betaine, 32.9 g "free" total L-glutamic acid, of which 96% was pyrrolidone carboxylic acid plus glutamine. For these N fractions of the vinasse, mean apparent digestibilities were 44.7, 63.8, 99.8 and 97.6%, respectively. Accordingly, betaine and total glutamic acid contributed 20 and 23%, respectively, of the apparently digestible total N of the vinasse. The pigs given vinasse excreted, per day, 257 mg more betaine and 364 mg more trimethylamine-N-oxide with their urine than the group given the basal diet. The contribution of betaine N of the vinasse to the N balance of the pigs on the mixed ration amounted to 11%.

Animal Feed↗