PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

M Lakomy

Publications and source records attributed to M Lakomy.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Adrenergic innervation of the epididymis, vas deferens, accessory genital glands and urethra in the boar.

The distribution of adrenergic nerve fibres in the urethra and some organs of the male reproductive system of juvenile boars was studied by applying the glioxylic acid-induced fluorescence method. Adrenergic nerve fibres were found in all structures examined, with particular relation to their muscular coats and arterial blood vessels. Ductuli efferentes and ductus epididymidis from the caput region were weakly innervated. The number of adrenergic nerve fibres innervating the ductus epididymidis gradually increased towards the cauda epididymidis, being greatest in this region. The vas deferens was very well supplied with these nerves. The seminal vesicle was found to be the richest innervated organ in comparison with other accessory genital glands. The body of the prostate was slightly weaker innervated, while the disseminated part of the prostate as well as the bulbourethral gland comprised the smallest number of adrenergic nerve fibres. The urethra received a very dense adrenergic nerve supply. The pelvic part of the urogenital duct possessed a moderate number of adrenergic nerves, which supplied not only the muscular membrane but also venous sinuses of the mucosa. In a close vicinity to the internal genital organs numerous ganglia containing both adrenergic and non-adrenergic nerve cell bodies were observed. The presented data suggest that adrenergic innervation may be deeply involved in the control of blood flow and motor function of the organs studied, and that a part of adrenergic nerve fibers innervating these structures may originate from pelvic ganglia.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1992

Cytoarchitecture of the paracervical ganglion (Frankenhauser) of pig.

Employing different histochemical methods, the morphology of the paracervical (Frankenhauser) ganglion is described in sexually immature pigs. The bilateral ganglion of an elongated shape is situated on both sides of the ventro-lateral surface of the cervical and vaginal wall in the proximity of their junction, lying under the serous membrane. Three main groups of cells have been identified and described, namely: principal cells, SIF cells and satellite cells. It has been determined that some of these cells contain noradrenaline, others, however, acetylcholinesterase. The paracervical ganglion is most likely the main source of supplying the vagina, cervix, uterine corpus and partly its horns with postganglionic adrenergic fibers.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1991

Distribution of somatostatin- and neuropeptide Y-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the porcine female reproductive system.

The localization and distribution of somatostatin and neuropeptide Y were studied in the porcine female reproductive system with the indirect immunofluorescence technique. Somatostatin-immunoreactive nerve fibers were observed in different parts of the ovary and in the muscular membrane of the uterus as well as in the mesosalphinx. Somatostatin-immunoreactive neurons were detected in the inferior mesenteric ganglion. Neuropeptide Y immunoreactivity was present in a large number of nerve fibers distributed in different regions of the uterus, oviduct and ovary. The present results suggest that the porcine female genital organs receive innervation by somatostatin- and neuropeptide Y-containing nerve fibers, but their exact functional role remains to be established.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Immunohistochemical localization of Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 in the female genital organs and in the paracervical ganglion of the pig.

Indirect immunofluorescence method was used to study the localization and distribution of the proenkephalin A-derived octapeptide, Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 (MEAGL), in the paracervical ganglion and in the female genital organs of the pig. In the paracervical ganglion, a subpopulation of principal neurons and nerve fibers contained MEAGL immunoreactivity. In the vagina, numerous MEAGL-immunoreactive nerve fibers were localized in the muscular membrane, under the serous membrane and in the submucous layer. The uterine cervix contained a great number of immunoreactive nerve fibers in muscular membrane and in submucous and subserous layers. The pattern of distribution of MEAGL-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the uterine horns was similar to that of cervix, but their number in the uterine horns was lower. MEAGL-immunoreactive fibers were also observed through different oviductal layers. In the ovary a low number of immunoreactive fibers were seen in the medullary and cortical parts of the organ. The results of this study indicate that the female genital organs, particularly the uterus and vagina, of the pig receive dense innervation by nerve fibers containing the proenkephalin A-derived octapeptide MEAGL. The presence of MEAGL in principal neurons and fibers of the paracervical ganglion suggests that a large proportion of them originate from neurons of the paracervical ganglion.

Animals↗
PubMed1990

Adrenergic innervation of the lower urinary tract in cattle.

Studies were carried out on 8 sexually immature male calves. Sections of the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra were cut with a freezing microtome and the method of Kyösöla et al. (1980) was used to visualize the adrenergic nerve fibres. It was found that bovine ureters possessed weak innervation; most of the nerves was located in the muscular membrane, and only in the paravesical part, sparse nerve fibres were found in the submucosa of this one. Apex of the urinary bladder was more weakly supplied with the adrenergic nerves than the corpus, whereas bladder's trigonum and cervix possessed numerous nerve fibres in both muscular and submucosal membranes. The distribution pattern of adrenergic nerves in the urethra was similar to that of urinary bladder's cervix. The presence of adregeneric nerve fibres was found in submucosal layer of both the urinary bladder and the urethra. Part of the nerves was connected with blood vessels of the organs under study.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1990

AChE-positive innervation of the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra in pigs.

Histochemical method of KARNOWSKY and ROOTS (1964) was used to discover the AChE-positive nerves. These nerve fibres were found in all layers of all organs under study. The ureter was weakly innervated, while the urinary bladder and the urethra possessed strong AChE-positive innervation. AChE-positive fibres were most abundant in the bladder trigone. Muscular membrane was the best supplied layer, both in the urinary bladder and in the urethra. Part of AChE-positive nerves was connected with the blood vessels in all organs under discussion.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1989

Met5-enkephalin- and Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8-immunoreactive nerve fibers in the pig female reproductive system.

The localization of Met5-enkephalin (ME) immunoreactivity in the female genital organs of the rat, guinea pig and pig was studied by indirect immunofluorescence method. In the rat and guinea pig, no ME immunoreactivity was observed in the uterus, fallopian tube or ovary. In the pig uterus and fallopian tube ME-immunoreactive nerve fibers were observed in muscular and submucose layers as well as around the blood vessels. In the pig ovary, ME immunoreactivity was localized in nerve fibers in medullary and cortical parts of the organ. Met5-enkephalin-Arg6-Gly7-Leu8 (MEAGL) immunoreactivity was also studied in the pig uterus, where its distribution was similar to that of ME. The present results suggest that the pig genital organs receive innervation by nerve fibers containing proenkephalin A-derived peptides, which may have a role in modulation of neurotransmission in these organs.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Immunohistochemical localization of calcitonin gene-related peptide and bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide in nerve fibers of the rat, guinea pig and pig female genital organs.

The localization and distribution of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) and bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) immunoreactivity were studied in the rat, guinea pig and pig female genital organs with indirect immunohistochemical technique. In the rat, guinea pig and pig, CGRP and GRP immunoreactivities were localized in nerve fibers of the uterus, ovary and oviduct. Generally, CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers were intensely stained, while GRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers exhibited moderate immunoreactivity. The number of GRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers in these organs was lower in comparison with that of CGRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers. The pattern of distribution of these nerve fibers was very similar in different genital organs of all species studied. In the uterus of rat, guinea pig and pig, CGRP- and GRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers and nerve bundles were observed in the muscular membrane and around blood vessels. Some delicate CGRP- and GRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers were also present in the submucous layer of the uterus. In the oviduct, CGRP- and GRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers were seen in the muscular membrane, around blood vessels and in the submucous layer. In the ovary, CGRP- and GRP-immunoreactive nerve fibers were distributed in medullary stroma, in close contact with blood vessels and between follicles of different stages of development.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Adrenergic innervation of the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra in pigs.

Studies were conducted on 4 sexually mature and 4 immature pigs. Scraps of the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra were cut with a freezing microtome. Fluorescence method of Torre and Surgeon (1976) was used to reveal the adrenergic innervation. It was found that the ureters were weakly supplied with the adrenergic nerves; most of the nerves were located in the muscular and submucosal membranes. Apex of the urinary bladder possessed the weakest innervation. More nerves were found in particular layers of the bladder corpus whereas bladder trigonum and cervix possessed numerous nerves. Adrenergic innervation of the urethra was similar to that of the urinary bladder's cervix. Adrenergic nerves were present in the serous and muscular membranes of both the urinary bladder and the urethra. Part of the nerve fibres was connected with blood vessels of the organs under study.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1988

Changes of noradrenaline content in the adrenergic nerves of the pig ovaries different periods of the oestrous cycle.

This paper gives a description of the morphological features of the adrenergic nerves in the pig ovary, and discusses noradrenaline content in these nerves in different periods of the oestrous cycle. Studies were carried out on 19 sexually mature virgin pigs, each weighing about 120 kg. The animals were divided into 3 groups: 1st to 2nd day of the oestrous cycle (n = 8), 13th to 14th day of the cycle (n = 5) and 16th to 18th day (n = 6). The fluorescence method by TORRE and SURGEON (1976) was used to identify the adrenergic nerves. Noradrenaline content in the ovaries was determined according to CHANG (1964) with BRODIE'S (1966) modification. Rich adrenergic innervation was observed in all parts of the ovary. The highest fluorescence of the nerve fibers was found in the pig ovaries on the 1-2 d of the oestrous cycle. The highest Na content was observed in the adrenergic nerves of the ovaries also on the 1-2 d of the cycle, its levels being twice lower in other periods. It seems that Na content in these nerves depended, among others, on the level of some steroid hormones, such as oestradiol and progesterone.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1987

[Adrenergic innervation of swine ovaries in various periods of pregnancy].

The present paper focuses on morphological characteristics of adrenergic nerves in the ovaries of sows in various periods of pregnancy and on the determination of noradrenaline content in these nerves. The experiment included 37 primigravidas (150 kg body weight). The animals were divided into 5 groups: 13th day of pregnancy (n = 9), 20th day of pregnancy (n = 6), 30th day of pregnancy (n = 7), 60th day of pregnancy (n = 8), 90th day of pregnancy (n = 7). Both ovaries were removed after slaughter and thorough bleeding. The adrenergic nerves were detected in the ovaries by the method of Torre and Surgeon whereas noradrenaline content was determined by Change's method in Brodie's modification. Morphological features of adrenergic nerves and their distribution were described for the examined ovaries. It was found that the number of adrenergic nerves in sows decreased in the final period of pregnancy. The highest content of noradrenaline was noted on 30th day of pregnancy and the lowest on 90th day. The present paper contains further data proving a correlation between steroid hormones (such as estrogen and progesterone) and functionality of adrenergic nerves.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1987

The adrenergic and AChE-positive nerves in pig vagina.

The experiments were performed on 5 sexually immature and 6 mature pigs. The segments of vagina were collected and then cut by means of a freezing microtome. The adrenergic nerves were detected according to Torre and Surgeon's (1976) glyoxylic method, and examined under a fluorescent microscope. Presence of AChE-positive fibers was detected using Karnovsky-Roots (1964) method. Both the adrenergic and the AChE-positive fibres were found in all layers of vaginal and around the blood vessels. As results from the studies, pig vagina is much more innervated with AChE-positive nerves than with adrenergic ones. Distribution pattern of these fibers is similar in all layers of the vagina. No differences were found between innervation of vagina in sexually mature and immature pigs.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1986

[Changes in acetylcholinesterase activity of the nerve system of swine ovaries in different periods of lactation].

Morphological features of AChE-positive nerves in the ovaries of sows in different periods of lactation, as well as the activity of AChE in these nerves, have been described. For the tests there were used twenty Large White Polish breed primipara sows weighing about 100 kg each and coming from the same industrial pig fattening farm. The animals were divided into three groups: I-7 heads 48 hrs after parturition, II-6 heads 14 days after parturition, III-7 heads 42 days after parturition (on the first day after weaning). The sows being slaughtered and carefully bleeded, both their ovaries were put to examination. To detect AChE-positive nerves in the organs there was used Karnovsky and Roots' method, while to determine the activity of AChE--Ruckenbusch and Ruckenbusch's one. There have been described morphological features and distribution of AChE-positive nerves in the ovaries, finding out few delicate nerve fibres showing degenerative lesions. As lactation expired, the number of the nerves was getting smaller. The highest activity of AChE was found in the ovaries of sows just after parturition, while the lowest in late lactation period. The AChE-positive nerves in the ovary seem to be under control influence of some ovarian steride hormones, like the adrenergic nerves innerving the ovary and other female genital organs.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1986

The effect of oestradiolum benzoicum and progesterone on the noradrenalin content in organs of the female reproductive system of sexually immature pigs.

The paper describes the effect of exogenous oestradiol and progesterone on noradrenalin (NA) content in the ovary, tuba uterina, uterus, and vagina, and on the morphological features of adrenergic nerves in these organs in sexually immature female pigs. 30 animals were used, of body weight 37 to 43 kg, and age 115 to 125 d. The animals were divided randomly into 4 groups. Group I (n = 6) constituted the control, group II (n = 8) was given oestradiolum benzoicum, group III (n = 8) was given progesterone, and group IV (n = 8) was given oestradiol and progesterone. Oestradiol injections resulted in a 1.5-fold increase of NA content in the ovary, a 4.5-fold increase in the tuba uterina, and a decrease of NA content in the uterine horn, cervix, and in the vagina, to 0.6 of the control NA level. Progesterone injections did not cause changes in NA content in the ovary, while there was 8.5-fold increase of NA in the oviduct, a 4-fold increase in the uterile horn, a 6-fold increase in the cervix, and a 3-fold increase in the vagina compared to the control. Joint injections of oestradiol and progesterone resulted in a decrease of NA content in the ovary to about 0.5 of the control level, and in an increase of NA content of about 5-fold in the tuba uterina, 7-fold in the uterine horn, 8-fold in the cervix, and 2-fold in the vagina. The increase of NA content in the organs was coupled with a slight increase in the density of the adrenergic innervation and the intensity of fluorescence of these nerves compared to the control. The results were compared to the results of similar but not identical studies, carried out on other mammals.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1986

The effect of oestradiolum benzoicum and progesterone on AChE activity in the nerves of the female reproductive system of immature pigs.

The present paper describes the effect of exogenous oestradiol and progesterone on the AChE activity in nerves of the ovary, oviduct, uterus, and vagina, and on morphological features of the AChE-positive nerves of these organs in sexually immature pigs. Studies were carried out on 30 sexually immature pigs, 37 to 43 kg in weight, at the age of 115 to 125 d, of the BWP (Big White Polish) race. The animals were divided into 4 groups. Group I (n = 6) constituted the control. Animals in group II (n = 8) received oestradiolum benzoicum. Those in group III (n = 8) were given progesterone, and in group IV (n = 8) oestradiol and progesterone. Oestradiol injections resulted in a 1.2-fold increase of AChE activity in the ovary, 1.3-fold in the oviduct, 1.7-fold in the uterine horn, and a 1.2-fold decrease of this activity in the cervix, while no differences were noted in the vagina. Progesterone injections did not affect AChE activity in the ovary, while a 1.1-fold increase was observed in the oviduct, 1.2-fold in the uterine horn and 1.1-fold in the cervix compared to the control. A 1.1-fold decrease of this activity was observed in the vagina. Joint injections of oestradiol and progesterone resulted in about a 1.4-fold increase of AChE activity in the ovary, 1.3-fold in the oviduct, 1.4-fold in the uterine horn, 1.6-fold in the vagina, while no changes were observed in the cervix. The results suggest the effect of the administered hormones upon AChE activity in the organs under study, mainly in the oviduct, uterine horn, and vagina. They also point to the possibility of a synergic effect of oestradiol and progesterone as regards to an increase of the activity.

Acetylcholinesterase↗
PubMed1985

Changes of AChE activity in the nerves of pig ovaries in different periods of pregnancy.

The paper presents a description of morphologic features of AChE-positive nerves, and changes taking place in AChE activity in pig ovaries during different stages of pregnancy. 36 sows, pregnant for the first time, were used in the studies. The animals were divided into 5 groups: Group I embraced sows on 14th d of pregnancy (n = 7), group II: on 20th d (n = 6), group III: on 30th d (n = 7), group IV: on 60th d (n = 8), and group V on 90th d of pregnancy (n = 8). The animals were slaughtered and bled. Left-side ovaries were taken for histochemical studies, and right-side ones for biochemical analyses. AChE-positive nerves in the ovaries were discovered taking advantage of the method by KARNOVSKY and ROOTS. AChE activity was determined according to RUCKENBUSH and RUCKENBUSH after homogenization of whole ovaries. It was found that: Morphological picture of the AChE-positive nerves differed in particular stages of pregnancy, this being reflected--among others--in the presence of characteristic, "bead-like" nerve fibres in later period of pregnancy (on 30th, 60th, and 90th d); The highest activity of AChE was recorded on 20th and 30th d of pregnancy, the lowest on 13th d.

Acetylcholinesterase↗