Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Lakomy.
Pancreases from 5 sexually mature sows were used in this investigation. In order to detect cholinergic fibers in the pancreas, the method of Karnovsky and Roots (1964) was applied. It was shown that cholinergic nerve fibers occur in the whole organ as perivascular plexuses, interlobular nerves, perilobular and periinsular plexuses. The existence of individual cholinergic neurons in the pig pancreas also has been stated.
The material for studies consisted of brains of broilers at the age of 7 weeks. The chickens were experimentally intoxicated with doses of some pesticides or their mixtures. Brains were taken from dead animals of the experimental groups and control chickens, which were fixed in neutralized formalin solution, and, after dehydrating and embedding them in paraffin, they were cut with the microtome into sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin and according to Klüver Barrer's method. In the material studied the presence of single binuclear neurons was found in all regions of the brains. The number of such cells considerably increased in some regions of the brain (Purkinje cell layer of the cerebellum, hypermetropic nucleus, thalamus) of experimentally intoxicated chickens and dead ones after 12 - 24 hr from poisoning. The results of the studies suggest the possibility of neuron division in the central nervous system of birds under the influence of the action of a pathogenic agent - pesticides as regards this paper.
The purpose of this paper was to study adrenergic innervation of mesovarium in the pig. The studies were carried out on material from 5 immature sows weighing about 35 kg of the Polish large white breed. The mesovaria taken were stretched on microslides of Cimble type and treated with glyoxylic acid. After filtering off the excessive reagent, drying and roasting at 80 degrees C, the preparations were examined under the fluorescence microscope. For adrenergic nerves, according to the cryteria commonly used, only those were taken which demonstrated green fluorescence. In the suspensory apparatus of ovarium in the pig the presence of numerous adrenergic nerves was found, which, because of their location and course, can be divided into two groups: adrenergic nerves the course of which is associated with that of blood vessels and those running independently in mesovarium. The studies have shown that mesovarium and ovarium of the pig are richly innervated with adrenergic nerves.
The morphological features of cholinergic nerves in the ovary, a determination of the level of acetylcholinesterase activity in different periods of the oestrous cycle and an attempt to determine if a relationship existe between AChE activity and the hormonal state of animal are described in this paper. Mature pigs were randomly assigned to 3 experimental groups and killed on 1st to 2nd d of oestrous cycle (group I; n = 6), on 13th to 14th d (group II; n = 7), and 16th to 18th d of the oestrous cycle (group III; n = 6). First signs of oestrus were designated the zeroth d. Histochemical evaluation of the most abundant cholinergic innervation was shown in ovaries of animals in group III, weaker cholinergic representation was found in animals of group I, and weakest in group II. Whereas the lowest activity of AChE determined by biochemical test was observed in the ovaries of group I, AChE activity in the ovaries on 13 to 14 and 16 to 18 d of oestrous cycle was 8- to 10-fold higher, respectively, in relation to the animals of group I. These results suggest that there exists a relationship between AChE activity in the ovary and ovarian steroid hormones and that this may be an important factor regulating the ovarian blood flow in the course of oestrous cycle in pigs.
The investigations were carried out on the material taken from four pigs, weight about 35 kg. Ovary ligaments and hilus were taken for these experiments. To trace cholinergic nerves situated in the collected material, Koelle and Friedenwald's thiocholine method in Gomori's modification and Gienc's adaptation was used. To eliminate the possibility of pseudocholinesterase staining in the preparation, Iso-OMPE in dilution 1 X 10(-6) was added to the control material. In the mesovarium of the pig cholinergic nerves have been observed. They can be divided into three groups according to their course and position: 1) paravascular bundles, 2) perivascular plexi and 3) nerve bundles not connected with the vessels.
The experiments were performed on 5 immature pigs weighing 32-35 kg. The ovaries and segments of the fallopian tube and uterus were collected and then cut by means of the freezing microtome. The adrenergic nerves were detected according to Thorre and Sorgeon's (1976) glyoxylic method and examined under fluorescent microscope. The presence of adrenergic fibers of various density and distribution was recorded in all examined organs. In the ovary most fibers were connected with tunica adventitia of blood vessels in the medulla of the ovary. Intensively fluorescent nerve fibers appeared also in capsules of the growing and mature follicles. In the region of the fallopian tube and uterus, the adrenergic fibers occurred in all component strata of the walls. The muscular layer was innervated to the greatest extent. There appeared fibers connected with vessels and free-lying ones. The comparison of our investigations with other authors points to the existence of certain species differences.
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The purpose of this work was to state the three-dimensional position of the nerve centres of the hypothalamus of the cow. Studies were made on 12 brains of Frisian cattle cows weighing from 320 to 350 kg. The whole length of examined animals' skulls was on an average 51 cm. The following stereotaxic zero planes were taken: 1. a horizontal plane joining an interaurical line and upper edges of eye-sockets, 2. frontal plane runs across an interaurical line perpendicularly to a horizontal plane 3. a sagittal plane is a plane of brain symmetry. The brains were fixed with neutralized formalin, dehydrated in ethyl alcohol, embedded in paraffin and cut into section 15 micrometer thick in 3 planes. The sections were stained by Klüver's and Barrera's method. Basing on microscopic examination of these histological preparations the three-dimensional position of hypothalamus nerve centres of a cow in relation to taken stereotaxic zero planes was stated.
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In these studies two medullae oblongatae of newborn calves and 4 medullae oblongatae of 4-week-old calves and 1-, 3-, 6-, 10- and 14-year-old cows were used at a time. Paraffin microtome sections cut in the frontal plane were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and after Klüver Barrer's method as well as impregnated after the method of Ramon Moliner, Klatzo and Robain. For the studies there were taken serial sections of the lateral vestibular and medial nuclei, reticular formation, dorsal nucleus of the X nerve and the olive. In the preparations stained by routine methods, morphological features of oligodendrocytes (light, medium stained and dark), astrocytes and microglia cells were described. In post-natal development of the cow variation of the morphological features of astrocytes as well as irregular distribution of the individual forms of microglia cells were found.
For the studies 2 cerebella of newborn calves and 4 cerebella of 4-week-old calves, and 1-, 3-, 6-, 10- and 14-year-old cows were used at a time. Paraffin cerebellum sections cut with a microtome were stained with hematoxylin and eosin and after Klüver Barrer's method as well as impregnated after the method of Klatzo, Ramon Moliner and Robain. In the material studied, glioarchitectonics of the cortex and medullary substance of the cerebellum was described. Morphological features of astrocytes, oligodendrocytes (light, medium stained, and dark) and microglia cells (round and pericytes) were described in the glia occurring in these parts of the cerebellum. In the particle layer and in that of purkinje cells morphological features of Fananas and Bergman cells, representing a variety of astrocytes, were described. Because of a great similarity of glia cells to granular, basket and stellate cells of the cerebellum, morphological features of these neurons were also described, giving a particulate attention to the differences in the structure of the latter and glia cells.
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