Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to M Landry.
Radiological study of conjoined thoracopagus twins. The digestive and biliary tracts, the urinary and cardiovascular systems have been examined. The problems and difficulties encountered in the various procedures and in the interpretation of their results are described.
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Lymphocyte, granulocyte, and macrophage function were studied simultaneously in 26 untreated patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 26 matched controls. The overall cellular response, as assessed in vivo by skin tests and sensitization to dinitrochlorobenzene, was diminished in the SLE group. Although T cells were reduced in number in patients with SLE, their function appeared unimpaired, as shown by normal lymphocyte transformation to phytohemagglutinin and bacterial and fungal antigens. The depressed cutaneous reactivity observed in vivo was explained by the finding of major deficits in the efferent limb of cellular immunity. Initial rate of phagocytosis of both polymorphonuclear neutrophils and macrophages was significantly reduced in patients with SLE as compared with normal persons. Because of cell interaction, the presence of an intrinsic macrophage defect in SLE may contribute to the alleged T- and B-cell dysfunction in that disease.
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Two women had malignant atrophic papulosis that affected the skin only. Immunologic studies showed normal amounts of serum immunoglobulins and complement and normal delayed hypersensitivity skin test results. Fibrinolysis autografts showed complete loss of fibrinolysis within the lesions but normal fibrinolysis in uninvolved skin. Histopathologic studies showed moderate inflammatory infiltration consisting of lymphocytes in addition to the typical cone-shaped regions of necrobiosis. Large amounts of mucin also were seen. Endovasculitis, thrombosis, and perivascular lymphocytic inflammation were noted in the subcutaneous arterioles of the lesions in only one of the patients. Enzyme histochemical studies showed oxidative enzymes, although in reduced amounts, in the epidermal and dermal cells of the affected skin. Electron microscopic studies of lesions showed paromyxovirus-like inclusions in endothelial cells and fibroblasts. The possibility of an unusual viral causation should be examined further.
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The incidence and the prophylaxis of urinary tract infection following bladder catheterization have been studied in 142 patients admitted for voiding cystourethrography (VCU). 71 children received a prophylactic treatment of 2 mg/kg nitrofurantoin daily for 4 days, while 71 received no treatment following bladder catheterization. Bacteriologic examination of the urine 4-9 days after catheterization showed significant bacteriuria in 5 untreated children. The germs responsible were E. coli, Proteus, and Klebsiella. None of the treated patients presented with significant bacteriuria. It is concluded that the incidence of significant bacteriuria after a VCU is not inconsiderable, that this urinary tract infection is often asymptomatic, and that the prophylactic administration of a disinfectant is justified.
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In children, more frequently than in adults, appendicitis is complicated by abscess formation. Facing an abdominal mass, especially if it is in the lower abdomen, the radiologist should consider tumor formation, teratoma, malformation or abscess. If there is air within the mass, the diagnosis of abscess is likely; if there is a stercolith, the diagnosis of perforated appendicitis has to be made.