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Biomedical subjects

M Lendon

Publications and source records attributed to M Lendon.

32 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

Testicular invasion and relapse and meningeal involvement in a rat T-cell leukaemia.

During the haematogenous dissemination of this acute rat T-cell (Roser) leukaemia, infiltration of both epididymal and testicular interstitial tissue has now been demonstrated, probably as an invariable occurrence. The gonadal duct system itself was not invaded. In contrast to an earlier histopathological study with this leukaemia, meningeal invasion has also been encountered during routine passage. Furthermore, subsequent to remissions induced by carmustine (BCNU), relapse could occur as long as 80 days after the 20 day end point in control animals. This was associated with extensive infiltration of the meninges as well as in the male gonadal interstitium, the proximal epididymis being particularly vulnerable. Two doses of carmustine at intervals of one week could eradicate the disease even during the phase of logarithmic growth of the leukaemic cells, this result depending upon the level of treatment and time of dosing post-inoculation with leukaemic cells. Females carrying the disease were shown to be more readily cured than males, probably related to entry of leukaemia cells into the gonadal interstitium. This T-cell leukaemia appears to be an excellent model for the study and prospective chemotherapy of testicular relapse in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Aneurysm of the coronary sinus.

Two patients, an adult and a baby, with an aneurysm of the coronary sinus are described. This unusual anomaly was detected in the baby during angiographic investigations for congenital heart disease. The aneurysm was an unexpected postmortem finding in the adult. Although the adult died suddenly, there was no evidence that this could be linked to the presence of the aneurysm.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

The testis. A protected environment for leukaemic cells against cyclophosphamide in a mouse model.

Groups of BDF1 mice, inoculated either IM or by the intratesticular (IT) route with comparable numbers of L1210 cells, died within the same time range from the disseminated disease. Cyclophosphamide (100 mg/kg IP) given on day 6 after inoculation, when the disease was advanced, increased the lifespan by about 100%, but all the mice died. The same dose on day 3 effectively cured all mice inoculated IM, whereas those injected with cells into the testicular lymphatic sinusoidal system died with only a short prolongation of lifespan. The study indicates that L1210 cells present in the testis are relatively protected from the action of cyclophosphamide, and the experimental results are consistent with clinical evidence for the occurrence of relapse in children with ALL due to malignant lymphoblasts persisting in the testicular environment.

Animals↗
PubMed1981

Congenital vertebral anomalies and the possible aetiological relationship with spina bifida.

The frequency and distribution of hemivertebrae, fused vertebral bodies, fused vertebral arches and fused ribs were recorded in 376 children and young adults with either spina bifida cystica or occulta, or solitary vertebral body anomalies, or multiple vertebral body anomalies. An attempt was made to find evidence to support the hypotheses that multiple vertebral anomalies and anencephaly-spina bifida are aetiologically related, and that solitary vertebral body anomalies are sporadic and developmentally distinct. Statistical analysis of the distribution of the vertebral and rib defects partly supported these hypotheses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Hepatoblastoma as a cause of intrauterine fetal death. Case report.

A hepatoblastoma was found in a 36 week stillborn infant. The tumour compressed the inferior vena cava and was the cause of hydrops foetalis. There was also agenesis of the gall bladder. Amniotic fluid alpha-fetoprotein levels at 15 weeks were normal and did not indicate the presence of the tumour.

Carcinoma, Hepatocellular↗
PubMed1981

Postural deformities in congenital nephrotic syndrome.

Six successive cases of congenital nephrotic syndrome are described. Each one showed flexion deformities of the knees and hips, widely open anterior and posterior fontanelles, and wide separation of the skull sutures. These abnormalities were present not only in cases in which the renal histology was of the microcystic Finnish type of congenital nephrotic syndrome, but also in those in which the histological picture was one of the variants associated with congenital nephrotic syndrome. It is suggested that such abnormalities are postural deformities, possibly produced by the large placenta.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗
PubMed1981

Testicular function after combination chemotherapy in childhood for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

We have assessed testicular function with luteinising hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) and human chorionic gonadotrophin stimulation tests in 44 boys previously treated with, or currently receiving, chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL). At the same time a testicular biopsy was performed in each boy and the morphology was studied. Histologically the chemotherapy appeared to damage the tubular system in particular, and the degree of damage was assessed by estimating the tubular fertility (TF) index which is defined as the percentage of seminiferous tubules containing identifiable spermatogonia. The mean TF index in all 44 biopsies was 51%. Only 2 of the 44 boys showed an absent or blunted testosterone response to human chorionic gonadotrophin. This suggests that Leydig cell function is rarely impaired by such chemotherapy and that most of the boys, similarly treat for ALL, will undergo normal pubertal maturation. Apart from the basal luteinising hormone (LH) levels in the prepubertal group which could not be compared, the median basal serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), LH, and testosterone concentrations, the median peak FSH and LH responses to LH-RH, and the mean plasma testosterone responses to human chorionic gonadotrophin stimulation did not differ between the prepubertal, early pubertal, and late pubertal groups compared with normal boys of similar pubertal maturation. Three of 32 prepubertal ALL boys, and 5 of 12 pubertal ALL boys showed abnormalities of gonadotrophin secretion. The increased frequency of abnormalities of FSH secretion in the pubertal ALL boys compared with the prepubertal ALL boys could not be explained by more severe tubular damage in the former group. We conclude that moderately severe damage to the tubular system of the testis unassociated with Leydig cell impairment may not be detected in the prepubertal boy with current tests of testicular function.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Are congenital vertebral anomalies and spina bifida cystica aetiologically related?

Radiological records of 104 patients with multiple vertebral anomalies without apparent spina bifida and 112 infants with spina bifida cystica were surveyed and the incidences of hemivertebrae and of rib, vertebral body, and vertebral arch fusions were recorded. The distributions of these four anomalies along the vertebral axis were found not to be statistically different between the two age groups. This is additional evidence to support the hypothesis that multiple vertebral anomalies and anencephaly-spina bifida cystica are aetiologically related.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Testicular histology after combination chemotherapy in childhood for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.

A study of testicular histology has been made in 44 boys treated with combination chemotherapy for acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. At the time of testicular biopsy 21 boys were still receiving cytotoxic drugs and 23 had completed their chemotherapy some time earlier. Evidence of leukaemic infiltration was seen in 5 (11%), interstitial fibrosis in 24 (55%), and basement-membrane thickening in 6 (14%). The mean tubular fertility index in the 44 biopsies was 50% of that in age-matched controls, and 18 of the biopsies had a severely depressed tubular fertility index (40% or less). Three variables had a highly significant effect on the tubular fertility index: previous therapy with cyclophosphamide or cytosine arabinoside (greater than 1 g/m2) depressed the tubular fertility index, whereas with increasing time after completion of chemotherapy the tubular fertility index improved. The prognosis for fertility in these subjects is not known. Long-term surveilance is necessary.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Ultrastructure of the human placenta in metabolic storage disease.

Eleven placentae and one fibroblast cell culture from pregnancies complicated by various inherited metabolic disorders, together with five chorionic villus biopsies from pregnancies at risk, were examined for ultrastructural evidence of accumulation of metabolites. Abnormal ultrastructural features were present as early as 10 weeks gestation. Myelin bodies were found in all placental cell types in a case of Niemann-Pick disorder and stromal cells showed marked vacuolation in Hurler's disease. Membranous arrays were occasionally identified in the lysosomes of stromal cells in a case of Sandhoff's disease, together with some myelin body formation in the trophoblast and endothelium. In Pompe's disease, intralysosomal accumulations of glycogen were present in all cell types except syncytiotrophoblast, while in sialic acid storage disorder all placental cells were affected except for the cytotrophoblast. Collagen fibre disorientation and excess associated proteoglycan was seen in a formalin-fixed placenta with Sanfilippo mucopolysaccharidosis, and syncytial vacuolation, caused possibly by delays in fixation, was evident in many specimens. The specimens were collected from different centres and the fixation procedure varied significantly. The most satisfactory results were obtained from chorionic villus sampling in vivo and from pregnancies terminated using aspiration followed by immediate fixation. The importance of liaison with clinicians is stressed in order to obtain optimal preservation of the tissue. This is particularly vital in immature specimens of placenta where abnormal storage product material may not have had time to accumulate.

Amniocentesis↗