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Biomedical subjects

M Maeta

Publications and source records attributed to M Maeta.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Visualization of human vestibular aqueduct with computer-aided serial section reconstruction system.

The computer-aided serial section reconstruction system (SERSERS) was employed to elucidate the entire configuration of the vestibular aqueduct in the human temporal bone. The advantages and the disadvantages of this system are discussed in comparison with several conventional methods such as X-ray visualization, plastic casting and graphic reconstruction. In spite of some limitations encountered, such as difficulty in placing a marker on each section or time consumption in data input, SERSERS can be useful in the study of the vestibular aqueduct, since a three-dimensional structure which can be observed from multidirectional aspects is reconstructed.

Computer Graphics↗
PubMed1988

[Hyperthermia adjunct to surgery in the treatment of scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach].

In approximately 80% of patients with scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach, recurrence of cancers occurs even after potentially curative resection, and recurrence most frequently occurs in the form of peritoneal metastasis. Such recurrence may be attributable to possible intraperitoneal dissemination of malignant cells already present at the time of surgery. We performed intraoperative peritoneal cytology on patients with scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach. Free cancer cells were demonstrated in the Douglas cavity in 16 of 32 (50%) patients who underwent potentially curative gastrectomy. The postoperative 5-year survival rate was 23% in patients without detectable free cancer cells in the peritoneal cavity, compared with only 9% in patients with microscopic evidence of intraperitoneal free cancer cells. Therefore, we have applied hyperthermic continuous peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) on patients with scirrhous carcinoma of the stomach in order to develop a surgical adjuvant therapy effective for the prevention of recurrence of peritoneal involvement. The results obtained so far from our study have shown an increased 3-year survival rate of patients undergoing potentially curative gastrectomy, but no improvement of therapeutic outcome in terms of postoperative 5-year survival.

Adenocarcinoma, Scirrhous↗
PubMed1988

[Modified radical lymph node dissection in the treatment of gastric cancer invading the gastric serosa].

The improvement in prognosis for patients with advanced gastric cancer may be attributable to the success of the extensive lymph node dissection and adjuvant anticancer chemotherapy. In the present study, however, we found that the postoperative long-term prognosis for patients with gastric cancer invading the gastric serosa was not improved even by more extensive lymph node removal (R3-removal) than secondary lymph node removal (R2-removal). This difference indicates that serosal invasion by cancer, which is a source of exfoliating cancer cells and is closely related to peritoneal metastasis, is another factor influencing the prognosis of gastric cancer patients. Actually, in patients with gastric cancer who had serosal invasion, free cancer cells were frequently detected in the peritoneal cavity by means of pelvic lavage. We introduced continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion (CHPP) with an anticancer drug as a prophylactic treatment for peritoneal recurrence after surgery for gastric cancer. In the randomized control study, the cumulative 5-year survival rate of patients in the CHPP group was better than that of the control group, although there was no significant difference. Based on the above, we suggest that in gastric cancer with serosal invasion, selective removal of Group 3 lymph nodes according to the location of the primary cancer lesion (modified radical lymph node dissection) and prophylactic treatment for peritoneal metastasis promise better outcome.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1988

[Clinical results and problems of total-body thermochemotherapy].

The clinical results and problems of extracorporeally-induced total-body thermochemotherapy (TBHT) for recurrent cancer are presented. A total of 127 hyperthermic treatments were performed in 45 patients who had undergone unsuccessful conventional systemic anticancer chemotherapy. Partial response was observed in 11 of 34 evaluable patients (32%). In analysing the anticancer effects of TBHT according to cancer site, a high efficacy was observed in patients with their main tumor in the lung, liver and lymph nodes. The anticancer effects were most enhanced when TBHT was performed in combination with cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil. In order to augment the anticancer effects of TBHT, the choice of combined agents and administration timing are important. A useful method for determining the thermochemosensitivity of individual cancer cells to agents selected for drug treatment is the human tumor clonogenic assay. Furthermore, the usefulness of angiotensin II-induced hypertensive chemotherapy during TBHT for augmenting selective drug delivery to cancer tissue is stressed.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1987

Clinical evaluation of total-body hyperthermia combined with anticancer chemotherapy for far-advanced miscellaneous cancer in Japan.

One hundred sixty-eight patients with miscellaneous far-advanced cancer received a total of 444 extracorporeally induced total-body hyperthermia (TBHT) treatments in seven Japanese hospitals. Overall, a regression of malignancy was observed in 39 of 132 evaluable patients (29.5%) and the most favorable results were obtained for patients with lung cancer. Irrespective of whether the tumors were primary or secondary lesions or recurrences, favorable results were obtained in patients whose tumors were in the lung, liver, lymph nodes, and soft tissue. No relationship was found between an objective response to TBHT and histologic types of the tumors. There was no clear relationship between an objective tumor response and the nature of the simultaneous chemotherapy during hyperthermia. Antitumor effects were not evaluable in 36 patients (21.4%). Of these 36 patients, 33 died before evaluation could be made; 24 died of various complications and 9 died of cachexia without complication. The mortality increased in proportion to the reduction of the performance status of patients before TBHT. These results indicate that TBHT should be used as therapy for patients whose tumors are in the lung, liver, lymph node, and soft tissue and then only on patients in generally good condition.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Immunological evaluation after splenectomy for hairy cell leukemia--a case report.

Immunocompetence is generally reduced in patients with hairy cell leukemia (HCL), and splenectomy is advocated by many authorities as being the initial treatment of choice for HCL. A 46-year-old Japanese man with HCL underwent a splenectomy and was studied, with respect to immunological parameters, pre- and post-operatively. Preoperative analysis of the T cell subsets showed decreases in the proportions of OKT3 positive cells, OKT4 positive cells and OKT8 positive cells; a decrease in the OKT4/OKT8 ratio; and a markedly reduced lymphocyte blastic response in peripheral blood. After splenectomy, the increase in the proportion of OKT4 positive cells was greater than in that of OKT8 cells and the lymphocyte blastic response was also improved. The patient's post-operative course has been uneventful and immunological improvement is still recognizable now, 1 year after splenectomy.

B-Lymphocytes↗
PubMed1987

Induction of diffuse necrotizing enterocolitis by anticancer chemotherapy.

Fulminant, necrotizing colitis is a frequent, and generally fatal, complication of severe granulocytopenia, occurring during the treatment of hematological malignancies. In these cases, the patient complains of severe peritonitis, including nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea or melena, and a high temperature. Here, a rare case of anticancer chemotherapy-induced diffuse necrotizing enterocolitis throughout the entire intestinal tract is presented, which developed in a patient who did not have a hematologic malignancy but who had colon cancer, the only clinical symptom of which was watery stools, without any evidence of peritoneal irritation. Full attention should be paid to progressive diarrhea in patients with malignancies during anticancer chemotherapy.

Cisplatin↗
PubMed1987

Experimental study of antitumor effect of methyl-B12.

We examined the antitumor effect of vitamin B12 (methyl-B12) using C3H/He, C57BL/6 and BALB/C mice for animals and MH134 hepatoma ascites cells, Lewis lung cancer cells and Ehrlich ascites tumor cells for tumor cells. At 1.0-10 micrograms/ml, methyl-B12 enhanced PHA- and Con-A-induced lymphocyte blastoformation of C3H/He mice. The growth of MH134 tumors on the backs of C3H/He mice were suppressed by the 7-day administration of 50 or 100 micrograms/day i.p. and their survival was longer than that of untreated mice. However, methyl-B12 administration did not positively affect the survival of C3H/He mice that had been irradiated with 60Co 300 R on the day before tumor cell inoculation. The growth of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells inoculated into BALB/C mice was also reduced at 17 and 19 days after tumor inoculation by administration of methyl-B12 50 micrograms/day i.p. and the mice survived longer than the untreated mice.

Animals↗
PubMed1987

Carcinoembryonic antigen in gastric cancer patients.

Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) levels were determined in 252 gastric cancer patients. In patients with resectable cancer, the preoperative CEA values and CEA positivity rates were 2.4 +/- 1.5 ng/ml and 7.7% for stage I, 24.9 +/- 72.0 ng/ml and 10.0% for stage II, 21.6 +/- 84.1 ng/ml and 17.9% for stage III, and 6.3 +/- 8.4 ng/ml and 27.1% for stage IV cancers, respectively. In patients with nonresectable cancers, the CEA value was 83.0 +/- 235.5 ng/ml, the CEA positivity rate was 47.8%. Overall, of 252 patients with primary gastric cancer, 47(18.7%) were positive for CEA. In patients with cancer recurrence, the CEA value averaged 41.8 +/- 101.8 ng/ml, the positivity rate was 63%. This rate increased as the cancer stage increased; it was highest in gastric cancer patients with liver metastasis. In 4 of 13 patients with recurrence, an elevation in CEA was observed about 4.8 months before the clinical detection of cancer recurrence. Our results suggest that in gastric cancer patients, the preoperative and periodic postoperative assay of CEA levels has predictive value in determining cancer stage, progression and recurrence.

Carcinoembryonic Antigen↗
PubMed1987

Preoperative radiotherapy and intra-abdominal metastasis of the lymph node in the surgical treatment of carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus.

Esophagectomy was performed upon 84 patients treated surgically for squamous cell carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus from 1965 to 1985 at the Tottori School of Medicine. Forty-four of these patients received preoperatively a total of 30 to 40 grays of cobalt 60 (2 grays per day) to the primary lesions, and 40 patients did not receive preoperative radiation therapy. A decreased tendency in the occurrence of metastasis to the intrathoracic lymph nodes was observed histologically in the group exposed preoperatively to radiation. A significant decrease in the occurrence of metastasis to the intrathoracic regional nodes in patients with carcinoma of the middle part of the thoracic esophagus was observed (p less than 0.02). A significant increase in the occurrence of metastasis to the intra-abdominal lymph nodes was observed in the patients receiving radiation therapy (p less than 0.01). The results indicate that preoperative radiotherapy for carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus may increase the risk of metastasis to the intra-abdominal lymph nodes.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1987

[Intrahepatic-artery infusion of cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and 5-fluorouracil in primary or metastatic liver cancer].

Eight hepatocellular cancer patients and eighteen metastatic liver cancer patients were treated with intrahepato-arterial infusion of CDDP (cis-diamminedichloro-platinum II) plus 5-FU (5-fluorouracil); CDDP (0.8-1.0 mg/kg) was given once every 7 or 10-14 days, while 5-FU (250-100 mg/day) was infused daily. A partial response was obtained in 5 of 8 patients with primary liver cancer and in 9 of 14 evaluable patients with metastatic liver cancer. However, severe complications due to bone marrow suppression were observed in 4 patients, 3 of whom died of septicemia and one of enterocolitis. This combined intra-hepato-arterial chemotherapy exerts a synergistic anticancer effect on malignant liver tumors, although the bone marrow suppression associated with it remains to be overcome.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Does preoperative radiation for thoracic esophageal cancer promote intramural lymphatic invasion?

Between 1976 and 1983, 43 patients with carcinoma of the thoracic esophagus underwent esophagectomy in the Department of Surgery, Tottori University. Of these 43, 22 received a total dose of 30 to 40 Gy of Co60 (2 Gy/day) preoperatively: 21 were not given preoperative irradiation treatments. The spread of intramural lymphatic cancer invasion into the esophageal wall was compared in these two groups. The preoperatively irradiated patients manifested a significantly lower rate of lymphatic cancer invasion and the depth of invasion tended to be less than in the non-irradiated patients. However, in preoperatively irradiated subjects, the horizontal cancer spread into the extra-radiation field anal to the cancer site was greater than in the other group. In addition, a significantly higher intra-abdominal lymph node metastasis rate was found in the irradiated group than in the non-irradiated group. Our findings suggest that patients with thoracic esophageal cancer who are treated with preoperative radiotherapy must be carefully monitored for the occurrence of intramural lymphatic cancer invasion and distant lymph node metastasis.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1986

[Clinical results and problems of total-body hyperthermia].

The clinical results and problems of extracorporeally-induced total-body hyperthermia (TBHT) for recurrent cancer were presented. A total of 105 hyperthermic treatments were performed in 38 patients who had had unsuccessful conventional systemic anticancer chemotherapy. Partial response was observed in 10 of 29 evaluable patients (37%). In analysing the anticancer effects of TBHT according to cancer site, a high efficacy was observed in patients with their main tumor in the lung, liver and lymph nodes. The anticancer effects were most enhanced when TBHT was performed in combination with cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II) and 5-fluorouracil. In order to augment the anticancer effects of TBHT, the choice of combined agent(s) and administration timing are important. A useful method for determining the thermochemosensitivity of individual cancer cells to agents selected for drug treatment is the human tumor stem cell assay. Further, the usefulness of angiotensin II-induced hypertensive chemotherapy during TBHT for augmenting selective drug delivery to cancer tissues is stressed.

Humans↗
PubMed1986

Esophageal cancer developed after gastrectomy.

Between 1965 and 1983 we treated 129 patients with primary esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Of these patients, 12 (9.3%) had previously undergone partial gastrectomy and six manifested tumors in the lower thoracic esophagus. Esophagitis of the noncancerous esophageal mucosa surrounding the cancer was confirmed in three of five patients who underwent esophagectomy. We also retrospectively evaluated 130 patients with esophageal cancer who had undergone gastrectomy, including our 12 patients, reported in the Japanese literature between the same period. Between patients with esophageal cancer who had undergone gastrectomy and those who had not there was no age difference; there were more men in the first group. Cancer developed in the lower thoracic esophagus with relatively high frequency in patients who had undergone gastrectomy compared with those who had not. The possibility of an association between gastrectomy and the subsequent development of esophageal cancer, especially lower thoracic esophageal cancer, cannot be ruled out. Further studies are necessary to clarify a possible association.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Mechanism of metastatic spread by 42 degrees C total-body hyperthermia in Lewis lung carcinoma.

We investigated the mechanism of metastatic spread in Lewis lung carcinoma-bearing C57BL/6 mice exposed to 42 degrees C total-body hyperthermia (TBH) by water immersion. When the mice were treated with 42 degrees C TBH 24 h after resection of the primary tumor, the spread of lung metastasis was inhibited (P less than 0.01). When tumor-bearing mice were exposed to 42 degrees C TBH followed by resection of the primary tumors 24 h later, the spread of lung metastasis was greater than in the control group from which tumors were removed 6 days after inoculation (P less than 0.05). When normal mice were subjected to 42 degrees C TBH and Lewis lung carcinoma cells were subsequently injected i.v., lung metastasis increased significantly in those mice that had received tumor cell injection between immediately after and 48 h after TBH treatment (P less than 0.02-0.001). Tumor-bearing mice were subjected to 42 degrees C TBH, and changes in the lung tissues were examined. Between 12 and 48 h after TBH, alveolar collapse, edema, and cellular infiltration into the alveolar walls were seen. Tumor-bearing mice were exposed to 42 degrees C TBH and blood was taken from the inferior vena cava. The number of tumor cells in the blood increased significantly 12 h after TBH exposure (P less than 0.05). We suggest that TBH promotes the intravascular invasion of tumor cells and that histological changes in the host lung facilitate the implantation of tumor cells.

Animals↗