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Biomedical subjects

M Maurelli

Publications and source records attributed to M Maurelli.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Involvement of catecholaminergic transmission in neurophysiological responses to centrally administered NPY.

The effects of centrally administered NPY on the EEG, somatic behaviour and some autonomic parameters have been studied in unanesthetized rabbit. In this species the peptide induces EEG and behavioural sedative effects similar to those described in the awake rat, but do not cause hypotension, bradycardia and bradypnea. The EEG pattern seems to be independent from the monoaminergic transmission, while the behavioural sedation is reversed by the alpha 2-adrenergic antagonist yohimbine.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

Effects of alpha helical CRF 9-41 on neurophysiological and autonomic patterns induced by CRF in the rabbit.

The EEGraphic, behavioural and autonomic effects related to the separated and simultaneous central administration of CRF and CRF antagonist (alpha-helical CRF 9-41) were evaluated in the rabbit. CRF produced a decrease of cortical EEG power spectrum, a biphasic effect on the heart rate, a hyperthermia and tachypnoea. 9-41 CRF significantly increased the EEG power spectrum, but it did not affect the autonomic parameters. The simultaneous administration of these peptides resulted in a significative and rapid inhibition of all the CRF effects. The intrinsic properties of 9-41 CRF on EEG and the interaction with CRF were discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Familial adult amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: report of cases.

We examined 8 cases of familial ALS (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis) in three different families from our province, admitted to our hospital between 1970 and 1989. Clinical criteria for diagnosis were satisfied in all cases; EMG was performed in 6 out of 8 patients. 4 cases showed classical onset and 4 cases bulbar onset. The average age at onset was 65.7 + 10.6 years. The average survival was 19.1 + 9.2 months. In two families two generations were affected, in the other only one. The mode of transmission was found to be autosomal dominant with variable penetrance. Neither environmental nor toxic factors seemed to be involved in the development of the illness. Genetic investigations may help to elucidate the pathogenesis of familial ALS.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

Neuropsychological assessment in MS: clinical, neurophysiological and neuroradiological relationships.

We assessed cognitive performance and its relationship with clinical and anatomic disease severity in MS with mild to moderate handicap; 34 definite MS and 18 healthy subjects matched for age and education were submitted to a neuropsychological test battery. Both groups were examined for anxiety. MS patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging examination. MS performed worse than controls on all WAIS-P subtests and had learning, short- and long-term verbal memory impairment. Cognitive deficits were not related to abnormal emotional states, but were found to be associated with attentional process and information-processing speed impairment. Cognitive impairment did not correlate with severity of physical disability. The most severe memory deficits were found in patients with extensive periventricular damage.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Quantitative EEG and autonomic patterns of synthetic peptides related to dermorphin.

The effects of dermorphin on EEG and autonomic variables are compared with the effects of 2 analogues and 2 homologues, all administered intracerebroventricularly in the rabbit. Dermorphin was the most effective in modifying all considered parameters: increase of cortically derived and calculated total power, bradycardia, respiratory depression and hypothermia. The dibenzylated heptapeptide was essentially inactive. The electrocortical pattern induced by the administration of L-dermorphin suggests a functional correlation between the amino acid D-ala 2 and the effects on EEG. Comparison between the effects produced by the N-terminal tetrapeptide and pentapeptide led us to hypothesize that amino acid Tyr 5 may be specifically involved in inducing the autonomic effects.

Analgesics, Opioid↗
PubMed1992

[Comparison between propofol and isoflurane in patients undergoing aorto-coronary bypass. Effect on systemic and coronary circulation].

The Authors report their experience with the use of two different anaesthetic techniques (propofol-fentanil versus isoflurane-fentanyl) for induction and maintenance of anaesthesia in patients undergoing coronary artery surgery. Haemodynamic data (regarding systemic and coronary circulation) showed an almost similar pattern of change after induction, intubation, skin incision and sterotomy, except for a greater decrease of systemic vascular resistances after induction in patients who received propofol. Cardiac output decreased more in the isoflurane group while changes in coronary sinus flow were equal in the two groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

Multimodal evoked potentials in diabetics.

In the present study we performed brainstem auditory evoked potentials, pattern electroretinogram and visual evoked potentials for the identification of a subclinical involvement of central auditory and visual pathways in diabetes mellitus. We tested 30 patients, and a neurophysiological central nervous system involvement was demonstrated in 23.3% of them. The mean values of patients and controls were significantly different for most of the evoked potential parameters. Some of these parameters were linearly related with duration of the disease, clinical score and peripheral nerve conduction velocities.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Transient intrathecal IgG synthesis in herpes zoster myelitis: 2 case reports.

Alterations in cerebrospinal fluid in 2 cases of viral myelopathy associated with herpes zoster infection are reported. Viral myelopathy is a rare complication of herpes zoster. Quantitatively there was a slight increase in IgG production and oligoclonal IgG bands were detected by isoelectric focusing. These parameters returned to normal after 1 year suggesting a transient involvement of the central nervous system.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Role of creatine phosphate in myocardial protection in heart surgery].

The Authors report their experience with the use of Creatine Phosphate (CP) in cardiac surgery. Forty patients undergoing mitral valve replacement are randomly divided into two groups: the former is treated with plain cardioplegia, the latter with CP-enriched cardioplegia at a concentration of 10 mmol/l. A sample of papillary muscle, obtained from the removed valve, is studied by means of spectrophotometric analysis in order to assess the enzyme activities and the intermediate metabolites of the different biochemical pathways of the myocardial cell. Our results suggest a possible interaction of exogenous CP with the cellular metabolism: all the mechanisms involved with the production of energy seem to be shifted towards a better preservation of the available pool of high-energy compounds.

Aged↗