An electrical correlate to a permanent increase of antigravity activity.
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Animals↗
Biomedical subjects
M Muñoz
Publications and source records attributed to M Muñoz.
[Importance of orthodontics in the surgical treatment of mandibular prognathism].
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Dentistry↗
Efficacy and safety of intravenous amiodarone for short-term treatment of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in children.
The use of intravenous amiodarone was assessed during 23 episodes of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia in 15 children aged 9 days to 11 years. Five of the fifteen patients had congenital structural heart disease, and three had Wolf-Parkinson-White syndrome. Tachyarrhythmias were returned to sinus rhythm during 20 of the 23 episodes (87%). No major adverse effects occurred. Recurrence of tachycardia was not observed during short-term follow-up. In conclusion, intravenous amiodarone is an effective, safe antiarrhythmic drug for short-term treatment of supraventricular tachycardia in children.
Amiodarone↗
Co-infection by Leishmania amazonensis and L. infantum/L. chagasi in a case of diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis in Bolivia.
We present the first report of a co-infection by Leishmania amazonensis and L. infantum/L. chagasi isolated in 1993 from a patient with diffuse cutaneous leishmaniasis (DCL), living in the sub-Andean region of Bolivia. This is the third reported case of DCL in Bolivia, but the first one with isoenzymatic identification of the aetiological agents involved and the first one giving evidence for a mixed infection by 2 Leishmania parasites in the same lesion.
Animals↗
Differential effects of acute and chronic hyperammonemia on signal transduction pathways associated to NMDA receptors.
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Ammonia↗
[Evaluation of a community intervention program ("Quit and Win") for smoking cessation].
OBJECTIVES: In recent years community intervention plans for motivating smokers to stop smoking have been developed. One of these programs is the < > initiative of the World Health Organization. Our study evaluated the impact of this intervention in a sample of persons who participated in the 1996 edition of the program in Barcelona, Spain. METHODS: One year after the contest, a telephone follow-up survey was carried out in one-third of the participants. Subjects were questioned about their current smoking status and their participation in the contest, including motivation and whether they had remained abstinent throughout the contest. RESULTS: A total of 941 valid cards were received from Barcelona residents, equivalent of 0.23% of all smokers. A selection was made of 307 persons for follow-up, 18 of which were excluded because they were former smokers. From the remaining 289 participants, we obtained valid responses from 196, 82 (41.8%) of which were abstinent when the survey was made. Participating in the contest with the intention to stop smoking permanently and continued abstinence throughout the contest period (one month) were significantly associated with abstention one year later. The overall agreement between participants' statements and the statements of a subsample (n=18) was 81.3%. CONCLUSIONS: One year after the intervention the proportion of abstinent smokers was higher than in earlier studies. However, self-selection by the participation who responded to the follow-up questionnaire could have contributed to the final result. Overall, such initiatives could be useful in motivating predisposed persons to stop smoking.
Adolescent↗
Early development of NADPH diaphorase-expressing neurons in the brain of the urodele amphibian Pleurodeles waltl.
The distribution of nitrergic cells was studied in the brain of the urodele amphibian Pleurodeles waltl during embryonic and larval stages by means of NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry. The first positive neurons were observed at embryonic stage 30 in the ventrolateral area of the caudal rhombencephalon. Subsequently (stage 33b), weakly reactive cells appeared in the isthmic tegmentum, the mesencephalic tegmentum, the hypothalamus, and the nucleus of the solitary tract. At initial larval stages (34-38), two new groups of NADPH-diaphorase-positive cells appeared in the caudal telencephalon (the amygdaloid region) and in the middle reticular nucleus. During the beginning of the active larval life (stages 39-42), reactive cells were found in the granule cell layer of the olfactory bulb and in the telencephalic pallium. As in the adult, the nitrergic cells in the central nervous system are widely distributed during early development, pointing to important roles of nitric oxide through ontogenesis. The sequence of appearance of nitrergic cells suggests an early involvement in reticulospinal control most likely related to locomotor behavior.
Aging↗
Phase II trial of cisplatin and etoposide as first-line therapy in metastatic breast carcinoma.
Twenty-two patients with metastatic breast carcinoma were treated with a combination of cisplatin (100 mg/m2 i.v. day 1) and etoposide (100 mg/m2 i.v. days 1-3). Eligible patients had measurable disease with normal organ functions, performance status < 3, age < 70 years and no previous chemotherapy for metastatic disease. Twenty patients were assessable for response. Objective responses were seen in 50% (95% confidence limits: 24.4-67.8). One patient achieved a complete response. Objective response was observed in patients with visceral metastatic disease and who had received anthracyclin-containing regimens in previous chemotherapy. Median survival after therapy was 55 weeks. Median time to progression was 23 weeks. Hematologic toxicity was limiting. Cisplatin plus etoposide is an active combination in advanced breast cancer.
Adult↗
Quantitative monoclonal antibody determination of estrogen and progesterone receptors in human breast cancer: correlation with the radioligand method.
To assess the possibility of substituting our routine method (dextran-coated charcoal, DCC) of determining estrogen (ER) and progesterone receptors (PR) for an enzyme immunoassay technique (EIA), we compared the two methods for determination of the two types of receptor in breast cancer specimens. In terms of sample positivity or negativity, the two techniques agreed in 76 of the 82 samples analyzed for ER (92.7%; p < 0.001), and in 65 out of 75 samples assayed for PR (86.6%; p < 0.001). Quantitative analysis of the data showed a significant correlation between DCC and EIA for both ER (r = 0.84; p < 0.0001) and PR (r = 0.77; p < 0.0001). The results suggest the usefulness of EIA in substituting DCC, although further clinical studies are required to fully evaluate this new method.
Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
Parasitological diagnosis of mucocutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania b. braziliensis in Bolivia.
Parasitological diagnosis, using stained smears, culture and pathological examination of biopsy, was studied in 146 patients infected with mucocutaneous leishmaniasis, in Bolivia and Peru. The most efficient parasite detecting technique appeared to be the smear examination in cutaneous lesions (33% positive) and the pathology in case of mucous lesions (28% positive). In both, cutaneous and mucous lesions, the parasites were found most frequently in old lesions.
Adult↗
Long-term strabismus complications following retinal detachment surgery.
Thirty-three consecutive patients with persistent strabismus following retinal detachment surgery were studied retrospectively. A large number of vertical and torsional problems were seen. Various restrictive abnormalities were identified during strabismus surgery. These included superior oblique tendon displacement anteriorly, leash and reverse leash types of restrictions, myoscleral adhesions posterior to the exoplants, and stretching of the muscles induced by large underlying exoplants. The results following strabismus surgery were analyzed. Eighty percent of the patients were able to achieve single binocular vision in the primary field of gaze, with a low incidence of complications. The adjustable suture procedure was thought to be helpful.
Adult↗
Retinal hemorrhage following lensectomy and anterior vitrectomy in children.
Lensectomy and anterior vitrectomy were performed on 13 eyes of 10 consecutive children, aged 10 years or less, with congenital or acquired nontraumatic cataracts or subluxed lenses. Operative eyes were examined prospectively to determine the incidence and natural course of hemorrhagic retinopathy following lens extraction. Flame-shaped retinal hemorrhages occurred in five eyes of four patients within 24 hours of surgery. In addition, a small vitreous hemorrhage was seen in one of these patients. All hemorrhages cleared within 3 weeks postoperatively. No statistically significant correlation was found between the occurrence of hemorrhage and patient age, race, sex, or duration of surgery. We conclude that retinal hemorrhage following lensectomy and anterior vitrectomy in children may occur more commonly than previously recognized.
Cataract↗
Surgical technique, visual outcome, and complications of pediatric intraocular lens implantation.
PURPOSE: To evaluate retrospectively the surgical technique, visual outcome, and complications of pediatric cataract extraction (CE) and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation. METHODS: Forty-three patients ages 2 to 12 underwent CE with IOL implantation with a minimum follow up of 1 month. RESULTS: All IOLs were implanted in the posterior chamber with 17 (40%) in the bag, 25 (58%) sulcus fixated, and one (2%) partially in the bag (one haptic in the bag, one in the sulcus). Primary posterior capsulectomy was performed in 12 (28%) cases. A final visual acuity of at least 20/40 was achieved in 26 (60%) and at least 20/80 in 32 (74%). Posterior capsule opacification developed in 18 (42%) and pupillary capture in 7 (16%). Seventeen (40%) patients had postoperative visual acuity worse than 20/40. Of these, nine (53%) had this visual outcome as a result of presumed amblyopia. CONCLUSIONS: Posterior chamber IOL implantation affords a safe and effective method of visual rehabilitation for cataractous children 2 years of age and older. Amblyopia and antecedent posterior segment trauma, rather than IOL-related or surgical complications, are the limiting factors in final visual outcome.
Cataract↗
[Automatic, implantible cardioverter-defibrillator in a patient with chronic Chagas cardiopathy and sustained ventricular tachycardia].
We studied a 48 years old woman, with chronic Chagasic cardiopathy, manifested with cardiomegaly, heart failure and syncope, due to a sustained ventricular tachycardia (SVT) of two different configurations (left bundle branch block and right bundle branch block). During electrophysiological testing, both types of ventricular tachycardia were reproduced. Successful ablation therapy of the right branch of His was performed due to suspicion of the bundle branch reentrant tachycardia, with a left bundle branch block. The patient continued to show SVT episodes, now with right bundle branch block pattern. Cardioverter Defibrillator was implanted. We report this case due to the rare frequency of Chagas' disease, where it could be a cause of heart disease, since the existence of the parasite (trypanosoma cruzi) and its vector (Triatoma) has been identified in some rural and suburban zones in the state of Aguascalientes, Mexico.
Chagas Cardiomyopathy↗
C-erbB-2, CEA and CA 15.3 serum levels in the early diagnosis of recurrence of breast cancer patients.
UNLABELLED: C-erbB-2, CEA and CA 15.3 serial serum determinations were performed in 250 patients (follow-up: 1-4 years, mean 2.5 years) with primary breast cancer and no evidence of residual disease (NED) after radical treatment (radical mastectomy or simple mastectomy and radiotherapy). Ninety-five patients developed metastases during follow-up. RESULTS: Abnormal c-erbB-2, CEA and CA 15.3 serum levels (> 20 U/ml, > 10 ng/ml or > 60 U/ml, respectively) prior to diagnosis were found in 28.4%, 31.6% and 46.3% of the 95 patients with recurrence, with a lead time of 4.2 +/- 2.4, 5.0 +/- 2.5 and 4.6 +/- 2.7 months, respectively. One of the tumor markers was the first sign of recurrence in 69.5% of the patients. Tumor marker specificity was 100% with levels lower than the cut-point in all 155 patients without recurrence. Tumor marker sensitivity was clearly related to the site of recurrence, with the lowest sensitivity found in locoregional relapse and the highest in patients with liver or bone metastases. C-erbB-2 sensitivity in early diagnosis was significantly higher in patients with c-erbB-2 overexpression in tissue (10/12, 83.3%) than in those without overexpression (1/34, 2.9%) (p = 0.0001). Likewise, higher levels of both, c-erbB-2 and CA 15.3 at diagnosis of recurrence, higher sensitivity in early diagnosis of relapse and a higher lead time were found in PgR+ patients (CA 15.3) or in PgR- patients (C-erbB-2) (p < 0.015). In conclusion, tumor markers are useful tools for the early diagnosis of metastases, being the first sign of recurrence in 69.5% of patients with relapse (76.3% in patients with metastases).
Biomarkers, Tumor↗
Carcinoembryonic antigen in tissue and serum from breast cancer patients relationship with steroid receptors and clinical applications in the prognosis and early diagnosis of relapse.
From July 1982 to August 1994, CEA levels were determined in 298 mammary tissue samples (30 benign, 242 primary breast cancer and 26 metastatic breast cancer). CEA serum levels were also evaluated in 30 patients with benign diseases, 153 patients with primary breast cancer and 26 patients with metastases. CEA tissue levels in both pellet and cytosol were significantly higher in samples from cancerous than from non malignant tissues (p < 0.0001), and higher in the pellet than in the cytosol (p < 0.0001). CEA in the pellet and cytosol were related to steroid receptors, with the highest levels being observed in ER+/PR+ tumors (p < 0.001). They were, however, not related to other pathological parameters such as tumor size or nodes. There was a correlation between CEA pellet and CEA serum in both patients with primary or metastatic tumors, with significantly higher CEA serum levels in patients with CEA pellet positivity than in those with CEA pellet negativity. CEA serum levels were a prognostic factor (DFS and OS) in the whole group as well as in node-positive and node-negative breast cancer patients. This prognostic value was only found in patients with CEA pellet positivity. In the follow-up of 143 NED patients, abnormal CEA serum levels rose prior to the diagnosis of relapse in 73% (29/40) of CEA pellet+ patients with distant recurrences but in only 9% (2/22) of CEA pellet- cases (p < 0.0001). In summary, CEA evaluation in tissue improves the CEA clinical application, selecting those patients whose serum CEA will be useful in the prognosis and early diagnosis of recurrence.
Breast↗
[Self-care and education for the asthmatic patient].
Asthma constitutes one of the most frequent chronic illnesses during infant ages and although is represents a minor illness in the majority of cases, its chronic course, the limitation of activities that it implies and the possibility that serious exacerbations appear, make it a pathology that has great impact on a social-health level. Over the last few years it appears that there is an increase in both the occurrence as well as the morbidity and the mortality of asthma. On the other hand, it is know that the most serious consequences of asthma can, to a large extent, be prevent and we can compare prevention experiences that have been going on for a long time, that have demonstrated their efficiency in other countries. Numerous health control and promotion programmes for asthma have shown that the patients education and their inclusion in programmes on self care improves the therapeutic performance, allowing patients to have a better quality of live and they influence favourably on the course of the illness. The guides and the consensus on the treatment of asthma insist that the education of the patient should start at the moment the illness is diagnosed and that he should be integrated into a continual assistance programme that includes all the people related to the patients treatment, the specialist, the doctors and nurses. The clinic should instruct the patient on the nature of asthma, on the treatment options, and should indicate a treatment plan that is simple, but compatible, with optimum care and encourage an active participation. A personalised education can be carried out but additional education resources will also be involved, in groups, and supported by established programmes. In order to achieve this objetctives, the health programme should be adapted to the epidemiological and cultural characteristics of the population it is aimed at, choosing groups of patients that are as homogeneous as possible, taking into account the seriousness of the illness, the patients age and the demographic characteristics. It is necessary to use strict criteria when knowing which patients can obtain the greatest benefits from the self care programmes, aiming at making the resources as beneficial as possible.
Adult↗
[Subject of anorectal fistulas].
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Evaluation Studies as Topic↗