Neurofibromatosis.
The neurofibromatoses are defined by the presence of café-au-lait macules and neurofibromas and are associated with central and peripheral nervous system tumors. Individuals with neurofibromatosis 1 are at risk for optic nerve gliomas, nerve root and plexi neurofibromas and schwannomas, spinal cord tumors, benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors, and pheochromocytomas. Individuals with neurofibromatosis 2 are at risk for presenile cataracts, vestibular schwannomas, intracranial and intraspinal meningiomas, and intramedullary spinal cord ependymomas.
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