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Biomedical subjects

M Ninomiya

Publications and source records attributed to M Ninomiya.

140 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Congenital generalized lipodystrophy with insulin-resistant diabetes.

Hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, hyperinsulinemia and resistance to exogenous insulin were found in a 10-year-old Japanese boy diagnosed as having congenital generalized lipodystrophy. Studies on insulin receptors of circulating mononuclear leucocytes indicated that insulin-resistant diabetes combined with congenital generalized lipodystrophy may be due to disturbance of insulin binding to membrane receptors. No insulin-binding antibody or antibody that impairs insulin-receptor binding was found. Plasma glucagon showed an exaggerated response to L-arginine before treatment. After treatment with a controlled diet and an oral sulfonylurea (500 mg/day) for 4 weeks, there was improvement in the plasma glucagon response to L-arginine. Improvement in the hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and acanthosis nigricans was also observed. On the other hand, on completion of a 7-day high-fat diet, a marked increase in serum free fatty acids, triglycerides and beta-lipoproteins was observed. The total plasma post-heparin lipolytic activity during the high fat diet was within the normal range. However, the level of protamine-inactivated activity was 3 times that of the control.

Acanthosis Nigricans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Different responses of left ventricular systolic function to changes in right ventricular volume and shortening--comparison between aorto-femoral vein and aorto-left atrium shunts in dog hearts.

It has been reported that left ventricular end-systolic volume decreases during arteriovenous shunt and increases during subclavian artery-left atrium shunt at a constant end-systolic pressure. The mechanism of the opposing changes in end-systolic volume during the two types of shunt is not clear. One possible cause is that left ventricular pump function with enhanced right ventricular ejection differs from that without enhancement. To investigate this hypothesis, we studied the two types of shunt (Aorto-femoral vein shunt, AoFV; aorto-left atrium shunt, AoLA) with matched reduction of systemic vascular resistance in open-chest dogs with beta-blockade. Both right and left ventricular volumes and shortenings were assessed from short-axis views by two-dimensional (2D)-echocardiogram. Left ventricular end-systolic short-axis area decreased from 76 +/- 3 to 62 +/- 3% in AoFV shunt (p less than 0.05), but tended to increase in AoLA shunt (76 +/- 4 in control state vs 81 +/- 5% in AoLA, NS) in spite of a similar reduction in left ventricular end-systolic pressure. There was no difference in left ventricular shortening, but significant differences were observed in right ventricular shortening (50 +/- 8 in AoFV vs 24 +/- 7% in AoLA, p less than 0.05) and right ventricular short-axis area at end-diastole (142 +/- 6 in AoFV vs 96 +/- 3% in AoLA, p less than 0.01), and at end-systole (92 +/- 8 in AoFV vs 73 +/- 7% in AoLA, p less than 0.05) between the two types of shunt. We conclude that the different changes in left ventricular end-systolic short-axis area found in the two shunts are not caused by the different left ventricular shortenings, but by the different right ventricular mechanical actions. These findings suggest that left ventricular pumping action in the high output state changes, depending on whether it is accompanied by augmented ejection of the right ventricle or not.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Adverse affect of blood transfusions on survival of patients with gastric cancer.

The effect of perioperative blood transfusions on the survival rate of patients with gastric cancer was studied. The survival rate of the transfusion group was significantly lower than that of the nontransfusion group in each of the 5 postoperative years. When no adjuvant immunochemotherapy was performed postoperatively, the prognosis was definitely worse in the transfusion group than in the nontransfusion group. Furthermore, the survival rate of the transfusion group was lower than that of the nontransfusion group in both histopathologic classifications of gastric cancer, and it was lower to a statistically significant extent among the well-differentiated types. These results indicate that transfusions might adversely affect postoperative survival of patients with gastric cancer.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Electrophysiological effects of 711389-S, a new antiarrhythmic agent, on guinea-pig isolated cardiac muscle.

The effects of 711389-S, a newly developed antiarrhythmic agent, on transmembrane action potentials were examined in isolated papillary muscles of guinea pigs. 711389-S above 10(-6) M caused a dose-dependent decrease in the maximum upstroke velocity (Vmax) and a slight prolongation of the action potential duration (APD) at a late repolarization phase. The resting potential, the amplitude, and APD at an early repolarization phase were not affected even at 10(-5) M. In the presence of 711389-S, trains of stimuli higher than 0.1 Hz led to an exponential decline in Vmax to a new plateau level. This use-dependent block was augmented at the higher stimulation frequency. The time constant for the recovery from the use-dependent block was 47 s at 3 X 10(-6) M. At 1.0 Hz, 711389-S caused an appreciable shift (6.8 mV) of the curve relating the membrane potential and Vmax along the voltage axis in the hyperpolarizing direction, but no shift at 0.1 Hz. The antagonistic effect of 711389-S against acetylcholine in guinea-pig isolated atria was much less than that of disopyramide. These findings suggest that 711389-S has similar electrophysiological effects to those of other Class Ia antiarrhythmic drugs but has much less anticholinergic activity.

Acetylcholine↗