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Biomedical subjects

M Oberst

Publications and source records attributed to M Oberst.

10 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2007

Endoscopic controlled intramedullary fracture reduction. A case report about closed fracture reduction under visual control.

Intramedullary bone endoscopy (IBE) was introduced as a new endoscopic technique in the year 2002 to achieve and manipulate the medullary canal of long bone under direct visual control. We report on a patient with a proximal femur fracture, where the new technique of IBE was used for intramedullary fracture reduction under visual control for the first time. Thus, the intraoperative use of an image intensifier was reduced.

Endoscopes↗
PubMed2005

Subchondral and trabecular bone remodeling in canine experimental osteoarthritis.

INTRODUCTION: We wanted to test the hypothesis that quality changes occur in early-stage arthritic subchondral cancellous bone after acute subchondral damage. So far, not much attention has been paid to changes of the subchondral bone after traumatic subchondral lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS: With an established animal model, we produced pure subchondral damage without initial affection of the articular cartilage in 12 Beagle dogs under MRI and histological control. We utilized bone histomorphometry to evaluate bone turnover, its structure and the articular cartilage 6 months after the initial damage. RESULTS: On follow-up, bone remodelling was indicated, e.g. by a significant increase in the trabecular bone volume and thickness, osteoblast number and osteoid surface and a decrease in the trabecular number in all 12 samples. Several other parameters showed a tendency, e.g. osteoblast surface and osteoclast number. Cartilage analysis showed degenerative changes in ten of 12 samples that had not shown any evidence of damage during the initial examination. DISCUSSION: Our investigation indicates a significant deterioration in the architecture of the cancellous bone with degenerative changes of the overlying articular cartilage after subchondral lesions, which change the mechanical properties.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Intramedullary bone endoscopy. First clinical application of a novel endoscopic technique].

After successfully testing the new technique of IBE (intramedullary bone endoscopy) in vitro, we present the first clinical applications of the new endoscopic method. In two selected cases (cement removal in revision joint arthroplasty/complication management after intramedullary loss of a reamer) the technique of IBE was performed in vivo for the first time. Removal of cement under endoscopic guidance and salvage of the lost reamer was easily possible using the special endoscopic tools. With the new technique of IBE, endoscopic intramedullary manipulation is easily possible in vivo.

Aged↗
PubMed2003

[CT analysis of leg alignment after conventional vs. navigated knee prosthesis implantation. Initial results of a controlled, prospective and randomized study].

INTRODUCTION: Correct alignment of the leg is one of the significant factors for the outcome after TKA. Previous studies have shown that the use of a navigation system can improve the alignment. However, for the positioning of the femoral component no validated data are available. This article presents the first results of a controlled, prospective and randomised trial comparing navigation versus free-hand implantation in TKA with special reference to the rotation of the femoral component. METHODS: Since January 2003, all patients with primary arthrosis of the knee admitted to our hospital for TKA have been followed prospectively. For this first analysis, data were collected over a period of 5 months. Apart from the usual clinical evaluations, all patients had CT of the leg prior to the operation and 1 week postoperatively. Measurement of axis and rotation was performed by staff members of the X-ray department who had no knowledge of the operation technique (navigation vs. free-hand). RESULTS: Twenty five sets of CT scans have been analysed, from 12 navigated operations and 13 freehand procedures. All 12 of the navigated knees were within the interval of +/-3 degrees varus/valgus deviation, but only 8 of the 13 non-navigated knees met this criteria. The analysis of the rotation position of the femoral component revealed no difference between the two groups. CONCLUSION: By using an intraoperative navigation system, the accuracy of the alignment in TKA can be improved. Long-term studies will have to be carried out to verify whether this will lead to a lasting benefit for the patient. Concerning the rotation position of the femoral implant, no conclusion can be made regarding the recommended rotation position at this point of the study.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

[Intramedullary bone endoscopy (IBE). First results of experimental intramedullary endoscopy of long bone].

INTRODUCTION: Intramedullary preparation and endoscopy of long bone is not mentioned in literature. We present our first results of experimental intramedullary endoscopy of long bone. METHODS: Experimental tests were performed at 4 corpse bones (twice tibia, twice femur). RESULTS: Intramedullary endoscopy and preparation was possible in all cases. A good view for inspection of the medullary canal was achieved by using the endoscope (Wolf GmbH, Germany). CONCLUSION: Endoscopic preparation and intramedullary endoscopy in the long bone ist possible. By using the endoscopic tools, a "neocavum" for endoscopic manipulation could easily be created.

Bone Marrow↗
PubMed2001

Matriptase and HAI-1 are expressed by normal and malignant epithelial cells in vitro and in vivo.

Matriptase and its cognate, Kunitz-type serine protease inhibitor, HAI-1, comprise a newly characterized extracellular matrix-degrading protease system that may function as an epithelial membrane activator for other proteases and latent growth factors. Both enzyme and inhibitor have been detected in breast cancer cells, immortalized mammary epithelial cells, and human milk, but not in cultured fibroblasts nor in fibrosarcoma cells. To test the hypothesis that this system is expressed by normal breast epithelium, invasive breast cancers, and other cancers of an epithelial origin (carcinomas) but not in cancers of a mesenchymal origin, we have expanded our expression analysis of matriptase and HAI-1 in vitro and in vivo. Matriptase and HAI-1 were detected at the protein and mRNA levels both in hormone-dependent and hormone-independent cultured breast cancer cells, and this expression correlated with the expression of the epithelial markers E-cadherin or ZO-1. However, none of the breast cancer cell lines tested that express the mesenchymal marker vimentin express matriptase or HAI-1, consistent with an epithelial-selective expression of this system. Expression of matriptase, as determined by Western blot analysis, was observed in primary human breast, gynecological, and colon carcinomas, but not in stromal-derived ovarian tumors and human sarcomas of various origins and histological grades. The epithelial-selective expression of matriptase and HAI-1 was further confirmed in human breast cancers by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, where the expression of the protease and the inhibitor were found in the carcinoma cells and in surrounding normal breast epithelia. The expression of the matriptase/HAI-1 system by malignant epithelial cells in vivo suggests a possible role for this protease in multiple aspects of the pathophysiology of epithelial malignancy, including invasion and metastasis.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1995

Raf-1 is activated during mitosis.

The Raf-1 serine/threonine kinase transmits proliferative and developmental signals to downstream effectors in the mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade. Studies to date have concentrated on its role in growth factor-mediated activation of the cell cycle. We show here that Raf-1 kinase activity is also highly stimulated during mitosis, with an attendant distinctive electrophoretic mobility shift due to hyperphosphorylation. These results suggest that Raf-1 may play a role in traversal of at least two distinct phases of the cell cycle.

3T3 Cells↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Couples' adjustment to breast cancer and benign breast disease: a longitudinal analysis.

A comprehensive comparison of couples' adjustment to benign (n = 73 couples) and malignant breast disease (n = 58 couples) at the time of diagnosis and at two follow-up assessments at 60 days and 1 year is reported. Specific objectives were to: (a) compare the concurrent stress, resources, appraisal, and patterns of adjustment of couples in the benign and malignant groups; (b) compare the psychosocial responses of patients versus spouses; and (c) determine the amount of correspondence in levels of adjustment reported by patients and their husbands over time. Multiple instruments with reported reliability and validity were used to measure study variables: Smilkstein Stress Scale, Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Family APGAR, Social Support Questionnaire, Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale, Beck Hopelessness Scale, Brief Symptom Inventory, and Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale. Mixed design analyses of covariance (ANCOVA) were used to assess differences between and among couples and examine changes in study variables over time. Significant differences were found in the resources, appraisal, and patterns of adjustment reported by couples in the benign and malignant groups. Couples facing breast cancer reported greater decreases in their marital and family functioning, more uncertain appraisals, and more adjustment problems associated with the illness. In addition, there was a high degree of correspondence between the levels of adjustment reported by women with breast cancer and their husbands over time. Couples who reported high distress or a high number of role problems at diagnosis were likely to remain highly distressed at 60 days and 1 year. Study findings underscore the importance of assisting couples, not just patients, to manage the adjustment difficulties associated with breast cancer.

Adaptation, Psychological↗