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Biomedical subjects

M Ogino

Publications and source records attributed to M Ogino.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1997

Myocardial kinetics of iodine-123-BMIPP in canine myocardium after regional ischemia and reperfusion: implications for clinical SPECT.

UNLABELLED: To evaluate the clinical utility of 123I-(rho-iodophenyl)-3-R,S-methylpentadecanoic acid (123I-BMIPP) for ischemic heart disease, we investigated the metabolic fate of 123I-BMIPP in canine models with mild and severe ischemia and evaluated the clinical utility of this tracer. METHODS: Using open-chest dogs under anesthesia, we assembled a system that would release all the blood from the great cardiac vein without recirculation, if necessary. After injection of BMIPP into the left anterior descending coronary artery, blood samplings from cardiac vein and abdominal aorta were performed for 10-min ischemia (mild ischemia, five dogs) and 30-min ischemia (severe ischemia, six dogs), after reperfusion and for normal controls (six dogs). The catabolites of BMIPP, including backdiffusion of nonmetabolized BMIPP, were evaluated using high-performance liquid chromatography. RESULTS: Although the rapid extraction of BMIPP from the plasma into the myocardium and the subsequent retention were unchanged among three groups, the early washout (at 8 min) of radioactivity significantly increased (from 50% +/- 13% to 61% +/- 8%; p < 0.05) in severe ischemia. The metabolites from the myocardium consisted of backdiffusion of nonmetabolized BMIPP and alpha-oxidation, intermediate-oxidation and full-oxidation metabolites. For mild ischemia, these values were not significantly changed from the normal control, although the respective proportions of metabolites showed some variation. Lactate production after reperfusion on mild ischemia, which indicates the severity of ischemia, was closely correlated with the level of backdiffusion of BMIPP (r = -0.92) and the full-oxidation metabolite (r = 0.78). On the other hand, for severe ischemia, the level of backdiffusion of nonmetabolized BMIPP increased (from 25.1% +/- 8.0% to 34.7% +/- 8.7%; p < 0.05), and the full-oxidation metabolites decreased (from 21.4% +/- 10.9% to 14.8% +/- 7.3%). CONCLUSION: The metabolism of BMIPP was closely associated with the severity of myocardial ischemia. Thus, 123I-BMIPP might be a promising and sensitive radiopharmaceutical for the evaluation of ischemic heart disease.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Determination of bradykinin-(1-5) in inflammatory exudate by a new ELISA as a reliable indicator of bradykinin generation.

We have developed an ELISA for BK-(1-5) (Arg1-Pro2-Pro3-Gly4-Phe5). In rat carrageenin-induced pleurisy, in which a plasma exudation peak was observed 5 h after carrageenin, BK levels in the exudates were negligible (< 60 pg/rat). BK-(1-7) (des-Phe8-Arg9-BK) was detectable (900-400 pg/rat) over the entire course of the inflammation. However, a larger amount of BK-(1-5) was detectable in association with the increase in plasma exudation, showing a peak (8800 +/- 1200 pg/rat) 3 h after carrageenin. Bromelain (10 mg/kg, i.v.) and soy bean trypsin inhibitor (0.3 mg/rat, intra-pleural) significantly reduced BK-(1-5) levels (by 60-93%, 3, 7 and 19 h after carrageenin) and plasma exudation rates (by 61-74%, 3 and 7 h after carrageenin). Dexamethasone (0.3 mg/kg, i.p.) reduced BK-(1-5) levels (by 78%) and decreased plasma exudation (by 70%) 3 h after carrageenin. In nasal allergy patients, antigen challenge of nasal mucosa elevated BK-(1-5) levels and active kallikrein levels in nasal washes. These results verify that BK-(1-5) determined by ELISA is a good indicator for release of kinins in vivo.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1996

Increased migration of neutrophils to granulocyte-colony stimulating factor in rat carrageenin-induced pleurisy: roles of complement, bradykinin, and inducible cyclooxygenase-2.

Administration of human recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF, 100 micrograms/kg/day, s.c) to rats for 4 days significantly increased circulating neutrophil counts (by 1130%), together with an increase in mononuclear leukocyte counts (by 119%). Infiltrated pleural neutrophil counts in G-CSF-treated rats (G-CSF-r) 5 h after the intrapleural injection of zymosan-activated serum were significantly higher (by 155%) than those in control rats (Vehicle-r). In carrageenin-induced pleurisy, counts of infiltrated pleural neutrophils in G-CSF-r 5 and 7 h after carrageenin were significantly higher (by 119% and 116%) than those in Vehicle-r. G-CSF treatment increased the volume of pleural exudate and the plasma exudation rate by 122% and 226%, compared to values in Vehicle-r 5 h after carrageenin. Cobra venom factor (75 micrograms/kg, i.v.) significantly reduced pleural neutrophil migration in G-CSF-r (by 53%) and Vehicle-r (by 49%). Bromelain (10 mg/kg, i.v.) and aspirin (100 mg/kg, p.o.) reduced pleural neutrophil migration and reduced exudate volume and plasma exudation. Intrapleural bradykinin-(1-5) and prostaglandin E2 levels were significantly higher in G-CSF-r than in Vehicle-r. The increased neutrophil migration in G-CSF-r may be attributed to enhanced activation of the complement system facilitated by increased plasma exudation due to bradykinin and prostaglandins.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Limitation of infarct size with preconditioning and calcium antagonist (diltiazem): difference in 99mTc-PYP uptake in the myocardium.

UNLABELLED: Ischemic cell injury and the uptake mechanism of 99mTc-PYP (Pyrophosphate) were studied with preconditioning and calcium antagonist. METHOD: The coronary artery of an adult mongrel dog was clamped for 1 hour, followed by reperfusion and 99mTc-PYP injection. A control group (group C, n = 8), a group in which continuous drip infusion of diltiazem (10 mg/kg) (group D, n = 7), and a group preconditioned by six 5-minute clampings and perfusions before occlusion (group P, n = 6) were compared. RESULTS: Wall motion was fully recovered in group D but not in group P after 2 hours of reperfusion. The 99mTc-PYP uptake ratio showed a significant (p < 0.05) reduction in group D (11.5 : 3.6 compared with group C), but not in group P (11.5 : 9.1, p = 0.25). The infarct area was 1.2 +/- 0.6% of the left ventricle in group D, 1.3 +/- 0.4 in group P, and 6.4 +/- 1.0 in group C (p < 0.01 in groups D and P vs. group C). CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that preconditioning does not alleviate stunning, but it improves cell injury in spite of high uptake of 99mTc-PYP. Diltiazem protects from both stunning and cell injury, suggesting a different mechanism of myocardial protection from that of preconditioning.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Role of prostaglandin H synthase-2 in prostaglandin E2 formation in rat carrageenin-induced pleurisy.

Rat carrageenin-induced pleurisy was used to clarify the role of prostaglandin H synthase (PGHS)-2 in acute inflammation. Intrapleural injection of 0.2 ml of 2% lambda-carrageenin induced accumulation of exudate and infiltration of leukocytes into the pleural cavity. When PGHS-1 and -2 proteins in the pleural exudate cells were analyzed by Western blot analysis, PGHS-2 was detectable from 1 hr after carrageenin injection. Its level rose sharply, remained high from 3 to 7 hr after injection, and then fell to near the detection limit. PGHS-1 was also detected, but kept almost the same level throughout the course of the pleurisy. Levels of prostaglandin (PG) E2 and thromboxane (TX) B2 in the exudate increased from hour 3 to hour 7, and then declined. Thus, the changes of the level of PGE2 were closely paralleled those of PGHS-2. The selective PGHS-2 inhibitors NS-398, nimesulide and SC-58125 suppressed the inflammatory reaction and caused a marked decrease in the level of PGE2 but not in those of TXB2 and 6-keto-PGF 1 alpha. These results suggest that the PGHS-2 expressed in the pleural exudate cells may be involved in PGE2 formation at the site of inflammation.

6-Ketoprostaglandin F1 alpha↗
PubMed1996

Lack of contribution of circulatory kinin elevated by captopril to induce hypotension in normotensive and hypertensive rats.

Captopril (10 mg/kg, i.p.) increased the arterial bradykinin (BK) level (Art-BK) of non-treated Sprague-Dawley rats (SD), determined by an ELISA, from 10.8 +/- 3.2 pg/ml to 32.9 +/- 5.4 pg/ml significantly (p < 0.05, n = 6). Intravenous infusion of BK (100-3000 ng/kg/min) dose-dependently increased heart rate (HR) and decreased mean blood pressure (MBP), the former at lower doses than the latter, and the hypotensive response became significant at 3000 ng/kg/min. Art-BK determined during infusion of the lowest dose of BK (100 ng/kg/min) was 12 times the endogenous Art-BK after captopril administration. In spontaneously hypertensive rats, Wistar Kyoto rats, and deoxycorticosterone acetate-salt treated hypertensive rats, Art-BK (450-1280 pg/ml) determined during intravenous BK-infusion (1000-3000 ng/kg/min), which induced significant hypotension, was 20 to 100 times the endogenous Art-BK (4.5-64 pg/ml) with captopril treatment. These results suggest that the increased Art-BK due to inhibition of kinin degradation by captopril could not account for the hypotension due to this angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor in normotensive and hypertensive rats.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1996

Association of anti-GM2 antibodies in Guillain-Barré syndrome with acute cytomegalovirus infection.

We examined serum anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) and anti-ganglioside antibodies by ELISA in 51 patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), and titers were compared with those from 47 normal and 74 disease controls. Three GBS patients with IgM anti-CMV antibodies had high titers of IgM and IgG anti-GM2 antibodies. The other GBS patients without IgM anti-CMV antibodies, and the normal and disease controls except one of 6 non-GBS patients with acute CMV infections had no anti-GM2 antibodies. The titers of anti-GM2 antibodies decreased on absorption with CMV-infected cells. These findings suggest that anti-GM2 antibodies are associated with acute CMV infections in GBS patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Failure of the oxytocin-induced increase in secretion of urinary kallikrein in young spontaneously hypertensive rats.

Urinary kallikrein excretion during oxytocin (OT) infusion were studied in anesthetized (sodium pentobarbital, 50 mg/kg, i.p.) young (4-weeks-old) spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). OT-infusion (30 nmol/kg/30 min) to WKY significantly increased urinary excretion of the active kallikrein from the basal levels (25.4 +/- 5.6 10(-2) x AU/15 min, n = 5) to 37.3 +/- 5.0 10(-2) x AU/15 min (P < 0.05, n = 5) and 50.7 +/- 17.1 10(-2) x AU/15 min (P < 0.05, n = 5) 15 and 30 min after the start of OT-infusion, respectively. In SHR, OT-infusion did not increase the urinary excretion of active kallikrein, but did decrease the urine volume and sodium excretion. The concentration of the active kallikrein in the kidney of WKY was not changed by OT-infusion, but that of SHR was slightly increased. The OT-infusion resulted in significantly higher concentrations of the active kallikrein in SHR kidney than in WKY kidney. These results suggest that less excretion of urinary kallikrein in SHR during OT-infusion may be attributable to a lower response in the secretion of kallikrein from the kidney.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

Cerebellar abscess associated with pulmonary arteriovenous fistula and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia--case report.

A 57-year-old male with a past history of bilateral pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas (PAVFs) experienced a sudden onset of headache and gait disturbance. There was a family history of PAVF and recurrent epistaxis. He had diffuse telangiectasia of the tongue, and hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia was diagnosed. Neuroimaging revealed a brain abscess in the right cerebellar hemisphere, which was successfully aspirated under ultrasound guidance. The PAVFs were resected afterwards in two-staged operation. No recurrence of the abscess has been observed. Cerebral abscesses complicated by PAVF are usually supratentorial. Complete eradication of PAVF is essential because the brain abscess will sometimes recur if the PAVF is left untreated.

Arteriovenous Fistula↗
PubMed1996

[A case of hepatocellular carcinoma responding to oral administration of 5'-DFUR].

A 65-year-old female patient with liver cirrhosis complicated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) was treated with oral administration of 5'-DFUR (600 mg/day). The titer of serum alpha-fetoprotein gradually decreased, and reduction of the hepatic tumor size was observed by abdominal computed tomography (CT) following 5'-DFUR treatment. HCC was obviously diminished since the start of 5'-DFUR administration and almost disappeared in fifteen months. This case suggests the treatment with 5'-DFUR for hepatocellular carcinoma is completely effective.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1996

Evaluation of myocardial viability with iodine-123-BMIPP in a canine model.

UNLABELLED: The tracer 123I-BMIPP was examined for its ability to reflect myocardial lipid metabolism. Studies in mice indicate that myocardial BMIPP uptake correlates with ATP content. Details, however, of myocardial accumulation in the ischemic period with either infarct or ischemia are not well documented. METHODS: Sixteen adult mongrel dogs were investigated. The occluded left anterior descending artery (LAD) alone was reperfused to make the ischemic area, and the first diagonal branch of the LAD was kept occluded to make the infarct area. Regional wall motion was evaluated by echocardiography in the short-axial view from the epicardium. Tissue blood flow was calculated using nonradioactive colored microspheres. Changes in blood glucose levels, lipid levels and lactate extraction were examined in blood collected from the aorta and great cardiac vein (GCV). The ATP concentration and BMIPP count were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography and gamma-counter, respectively. RESULTS: Two hours after reperfusion, blood flow decreased to 20% +/- 5% in the infarct area and 64% +/- 9% in the ischemic area (p < 0.05), despite comparable wall-motion reduction (32% +/- 5% and 42% +/- 12% in the infarct and ischemic areas, respectively). BMIPP content and ATP concentration showed parallel reduction: 40% +/- 7% and 75% +/- 4% (p < 0.05) of BMIPP and 32% +/- 9% and 69% +/- 7% (p < 0.05) of ATP in the infarct and ischemic areas, respectively. The nonesterified fatty acid extraction, defined as flow x ([artery] - [GCV]), decreased to 87% +/- 5.6% during occlusion and 75% +/- 20.1% 2 hr after reperfusion, as compared with the control value. CONCLUSION: BMIPP uptake correlated well with lipid metabolism and tissue ATP levels and may prove useful in differentiating myocardial infarction from ischemia in the acute phase of ischemic episodes.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗
PubMed1996

Metabolic fate of iodine-123-BMIPP in canine myocardium after administration of etomoxir.

UNLABELLED: To clarify the metabolic fate of 123I-(-p-iodophenyl)-3-R,S-methylpentadecanoic acid (BMIPP) in dysfunctional myocardium, a comparison between normal dogs and those with etomoxir administration was studied using an open-chest canine model. METHODS: Using open-chested dogs under anesthesia, we created a system to release all the blood in the great cardiac vein outside without recirculation, if necessary. Iodine-123-BMIPP was directly injected into the left anterior descending artery, its extraction, retention and washout rate in the early phase were calculated, and the metabolites in the myocardium were evaluated using a high-performance liquid chromatography. Moreover, these factors were compared between normal dogs and those pretreated with etomoxir, that creates a condition similar to ischemia. RESULTS: Although rapid extraction of BMIPP from the plasma into the myocardium and the subsequent retention were unchanged, early washout (8 min) of radioactivity significantly increased (49.6% +/- 13.3%-->70.5% +/- 10.7%, p < 0.05) with etomoxir. The levels of the full metabolite formed by complete oxidation of BMIPP decreased significantly with etomoxir (21.4% +/- 10.9%-->5.5% +/- 3.5%, p < 0.01). In addition, back diffusion of BMIPP increased (25.1% +/- 8.0%-->41.9% +/- 12.0%, p < 0.05) in the etomoxir-treated animals without affecting the levels of alpha-oxidation metabolite and the intermediate metabolites. CONCLUSION: BMIPP is very sensitive to etomoxir and is suitable for assessing mitochondrial dysfunction. Iodine-123-BMIPP might be a promising radiopharmaceutical for the evaluation of ischemic heart disease, cardiomyopathy and mitochondrial encephalomyopathy.

Animals↗
PubMed1996

[Examination of percutaneous minocycline hydrochloride injection therapy for hepatic cyst by one puncture method].

Minocycline hydrochloride (MINO) at a dose of 500 mg (in principle) was injected into each of 11 hepatic cysts/10 cases (mean maximum diameter: 12.6 cm) that exhibited symptoms or a tendency toward growth by percutaneous transhepatic one puncture method, and the relation between therapeutic efficacy and pH of cystic fluid was examined. The efficacy was evaluated by abdominal CT after 3 months, and when a shrink of 50% or more in the maximum diameter was observed, it was judged as marked response. Marked effect was observed in 9 lesions of 11 (82%). This MINO injection therapy by one puncture method is very safe, simple and useful. Reduction in intra-cystic pH was not always related to the therapeutic efficacy, so involvement of cytotoxicity of MINO was suggested in degenerating the cystic epithelial cells.

Adult↗
PubMed1995

Formation and characterization of anodic titanium oxide films containing Ca and P.

Commercially pure titanium was anodized in an electrolytic solution that was dissolved calcium and phosphorus compounds in water, and an AOFCP (anodic titanium oxide film containing Ca and P) was formed. It was found that sodium beta-glycerophosphate (beta-GP) and calcium acetate (CA) were suitable for the electrolytes to form the AOFCP having an equivalent Ca/P ratio to hydroxyapatite (HA). The AOFCP was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), an energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Numerous micropores and microprojections were observed on the AOFCP by SEM. The composition of the AOFCP, which was measured by EDX, changed according to beta-GP and CA concentration, and the electrolytic voltage. Ca and P in the AOFCP seem to be incorporated into the TiO2 matrix from CA and beta-GP in the electrolyte during the anodic oxidation. Despite the existence of Ca and P in the AOFCP, no calcium phosphate peak was detected by XRD, and the AOFCP consisted of anatase and only a little rutile. The AOFCP, whose contents of Ca and P were low, had a high adhesive strength after soaking in a simulated body fluid for 300 days. When the AOFCP having an equivalent Ca/P ratio to HA was hydrothermally heated at 300 degrees C, HA crystals were precipitated on the AOFCP and completely covered the surface.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1995

Characterization of nodules induced by bioactive glass on cultured periodontal-ligament fibroblasts.

We previously reported that materials leached from bioactive glass (BG) and vitamin D3 induced the formation of nodules on cultured periodontal-ligament fibroblasts (PLF). In this study, we have investigated the relationship between the conditions of the materials and nodule formation, analyzed morphologically, and also studied whether the production of nodules was specific to cultured PLF. PLF and skin fibroblasts were cultured in the presence or absence of BG. The amounts of calcium, phosphate, sodium and silicon in the culture medium and the number of nodules were measured at the 55th day. The nodules were observed microscopically and analyzed using an X-ray microanalyzer. In PLF, nodules were formed regardless of the presence or absence of BG; however, they were more numerous in the presence of BG. In skin fibroblasts, nodules were not observed. The amounts of calcium and silicon were higher in the presence of BG, while the amount of phosphate was lower. The nodules appeared crystalline with a spongy structure and contained calcium and phosphorus. Our results show that the nodules were associated with PLF and precipitated by the materials (higher concentrations of calcium and silicon), and they were spongy crystal composed of calcium and phosphorus.

Biocompatible Materials↗
PubMed1995

Characterization of thin hydroxyapatite layers formed on anodic titanium oxide films containing Ca and P by hydrothermal treatment.

An anodic titanium oxide film containing Ca and P (AOFCP) was formed on commercially pure titanium which was anodized in an electrolytic solution of dissolved beta-glycerophosphate (beta-GP) and calcium acetate (CA). Hydroxyapatite (HA) crystals were precipitated by hydrothermally heating the AOFCP at 300 degrees C. After hydrothermal treatment, the film was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX), and tensile tests. The morphology, composition, and amount of HA crystals precipitated were significantly affected by the composition of the electrolytes. Near-stoichiometric HA crystals with high crystallinity were precipitated completely covering the AOFCP surface at specific electrolyte concentrations. The HA layers were thin at 1-2 microns in thickness. The adhesive strength of the film increased with decreasing electrolyte concentration and the maximum value was about 40 MPa. In vitro tests for 300 days suggested that the stability of the film was high. The high adhesive strength may result from the AOFCP existing as an intermediate layer between the HA layer and a titanium substrate. The intervention of the AOFCP may have prevented abrupt changes in Ca and P content at an HA coating-titanium interface as seen in a plasma-sprayed one. The porous TiO2 matrix of the AOFCP may be suitable for nucleation sites of HA crystals, as well as SiO2 matrix of silicate bioactive glasses or glass ceramics.

Acetates↗
PubMed1995

Mechanical and histological investigation of hydrothermally treated and untreated anodic titanium oxide films containing Ca and P.

In a previous study a new method for forming thin hydroxyapatite (HA) layers on titanium was described. Titanium was anodized at 350 V in an electrolyte solution containing sodium beta-glycerophosphate and calcium acetate, and an anodic titanium oxide film containing Ca and P (AOFCP) was formed on the surface. Then numerous HA crystals were precipitated on the AOFCP during hydrothermal treatment in high-pressure steam at 300 degrees C. In this study three types of hydrothermally treated films differing in amounts of precipitated HA crystals and tensile adhesive strength, and untreated films were histologically and mechanically investigated in a transcortical rabbit femoral model for 8 weeks of implantation using light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and push-out tests. Machined titanium and HA ceramics served as control materials. The push-out shear strength and bone apposition of the AOFCP significantly increased after hydrothermal treatment, and were equivalent to those of HA ceramics, although the HA layer on the AOFCP was thin at 1-2 microns. From SEM observation of the pushed-out specimen, it was found that the thin HA layer had directly bonded to bone but the AOFCP had not. The push-out strength of the hydrothermally treated film resulted from the chemical bonding of the bone-HA layer interface, while that of the untreated film resulted from mechanical interlocking force between bone and the microprojections. There was a small difference in bone apposition but no significant difference in push-out strength with the amount of precipitated HA crystals on the treated films. Among the treated films, the film formed at the lowest electrolyte concentration showed the lowest bone apposition because of incomplete covering by the HA crystals, and showed the highest stability against mechanical failure because the adhesive strength was very high at about 38 mPa. Also, the hydrothermally untreated anodic oxide films, whose surfaces were rough as a result of the large microprojections, showed much higher push-out strength and bone apposition than titanium. The good hard-tissue compatibility may be attributed to the surface roughness and the possible inhibition of titanium ion release from the specimen.

Animals↗