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Biomedical subjects

M Pandolfi

Publications and source records attributed to M Pandolfi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Topical atenolol versus pilocarpine: a double-blind study of the effect on ocular tension.

Topical atenolol (a beta1-adrenoceptive antagonist), pilocarpine, and placebo were tested in a randomised double-blind crossover trial of 8 patients with ocular hypertenion. Atenolol (2% 3 times a day) caused a fall in intraocular pressure (IOP) comparable to that achieved by topical application of pilocarpine (2% 3 times a day). The decrease in IOP by each compound was demonstrable on the second day of application and was significantly (P is less than 0.05) reduced on the seventh and 14th days of treatment. The combination of 2% pilocarpine and 2% atenolol administered 15 minutes apart (3 times a day) lowered the IOP significantly from the second day of treatment, and this reduction persisted throughout the trial period of 14 days. This combined of treatment, treatment lowered the IOP more than either substance alone. However, this further decrease was statistically significant only on the 14th day of treatment (atenolol versus atenolol + pilocarpine, P is less than 0.05). No change of the episcleral venous pressure was observed after 14 days' treatment with either atenolol or pilocarpine alone, or combined.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Effect of topical atenolol on intraocular pressure.

Placebo and topical atenolol (Tenormin), a selective beta1-adrenergic blocking substance with no intrinsic sympathomimetic or membrane-stabilising properties, were tested in 16 patients with ocular hypertension in a double-blind cross-over trial. Three different concentrations of atenolol (1, 2, and 4%) were investigated. After a single instillation there was a statistically significant fall in mean intraocular pressure (IOP) with all the concentrations after one hour, with a maximum after two to three hours. The effect had passed off after seven hours. In multiple-dose studies with applications three times a day for seven days there was a statistically significant fall in the mean IOP on the first day of treatment (all three concentrations), which persisted throughout the week. In the single-dose study only a slight dose-dependence was observed. This could not be confirmed in the multiple-dose trial. Pupil size, corneal sensitivity, systemic blood pressure, and heart rate were unaffected. No side effects were noted. Thus topically applied atenolol lowers IOP in patients with ocular hypertension and may be clinically useful.

Administration, Topical↗
PubMed1977

[New method of studying the release of fibrinolysis activators in tissue cultures].

Tissue cultivation in the presence of standardized fibrin clot containing plasminogen permitted to reveal and to study quantitatively the relase of the fibrinolysis activators into the medium (by the amount of the fibrin-fibrinogen degradation products). A possibility of in vitro study of the regulation of fibrinolysis activators release by the tissues was offered by the method described.

Culture Techniques↗
PubMed1976

Coagulation factor VIII. Localization in the aqueous outflow pathways.

Antihemophilic factor A-von Willebrand factor (AHF-vWF) is a protein involved in the first phase of blood coagulation and in the mechanism of platelet adhesion. The localization of this protein has been studied in the anterior segment of fetal and adult human eye by a direct immunofluorescence method. It was found that AHF-vWF is present in the wall of aqueous outflow pathways but not in that of Schlemm canal. As it has fibrinolytic activity in the endothelium of Schlemm canal, this structure can be expected to be especially well protected against fibrin deposition and occlusion by platelets and thrombi. The ciliary processes of the adult eye had no AHF-vWF activity. Instead, fluorescein isothiocyanate-fluorescence could be seen in the vessel wall of the ciliary processes of the fetal eye. This difference may be connected with the function of aqueous secretion.

Aqueous Humor↗
PubMed1976

Early dose response analysis of ocular hypotensive effects of propranolol in patients with ocular hypertension.

Placebo and propranolol (Inderal) in doses of 20, 40, and 80 mg were given in a single-blind test to two groups of six ocular hypertensives. The groups consisted of patients with an intraocular pressure ranging from 20 to 29 mmHg and 30 to 39 mmHg. The doses were given 48 hours apart and administered after fasting 12 hours. IOP by Goldmann applanation tonometer, systemic blood pressure and pulse rate in the supine position were recorded hourly before and after administration. In both groups a decrease in mean IOP was noted after one hour and this reduction reached its maximum three hours after the administration of propranolol. The absolute reduction was greater in the group with the highest initial IOP and in both groups the fall in mean IOP showed a clear dose-dependent correlation. The simultaneous mean decrease in pulse rate was also dose-correlated, but reached its maximum two hours after administration. The fall in systemic blood pressure was only moderate and showed no obvious dose-dependence.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Fibrinolysis and diabetic retinopathy.

The spontaneous fibrinolytic activity of the blood is abnormally low significantly more often in persons with diabetes mellitus than in nondiabetic controls. The fibrinolytic response stimulated by venous occlusion is poor six times more frequently in diabetics than in controls, and the fibrinolytic activity of the endothelial cells is abnoramlly low in one-fourth of the diabetics tested. These changes are not related to the duration of diabetes. However, if patients with long-standing diabetes (greater than 10 years) are separated into those with retinopathy and those without, it is found that those who remain free from opthalmoscopically visible retinopathy have an almost normal fibrinolytic response on stimulation, while the others have a significantly lower response. This difference seems to be caused by a faulty plasminogen activator release mechanism. Compared with the other diabetics, those with retinopathy also have a significantly increased level of fibrinogen and of alpha2-macroglobulin, a protein that acts as an inhibitor of fibrinolysis. These findings imply a poor defense mechanism against fibrin deposits in the vessel walls in diabetes, which might contribute to the development of diabetic microangiopathy.

Arm↗
PubMed1975

Local haemostasis in brain tumours.

The thromboplastic activity and the fibrinolytic activity were examined in 7 human meningiomas and 6 gliomas obtained at neurosurgery. Two different haemostatic patterns emerged, meningiomas having lower thromboplastic and higher fibrinolytic activity than that of gliomas. This difference might help to explain the better haemostatic capacity of gliomas during and after operation than that of meningiomas.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Origin of urinary fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in glomerulonephritis.

To elucidate the origin of the fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (F.D.P.) occurring in the urine in glomerulonephritis 28 patients with glomerulonephritis were examined for renal fibrinolytic activity, F.D.P. in urine and serum, and blood fibrinolytic activators and blood fibrinolytic activators and inhibitors. Unlike the glomerful of healthy kidneys, which were fibrinolyticly inactive, those of kidneys with glomerulonephritis constantly showed fibrinolytic activity. The presence or absence of fibrin in the glomeruli was almost always accompanied by, respectively, the presence or absence of urinary F.D.P., which suggested a renal origin of urinary F.D.P. in glomerulonephritis. The low fibrinolytic activity of the blood and the absence of F.D.P. in the serum of these patients make it unlikely that the urinary F.D.P. in glomerulonephritis result from glomerular filtration.

Alpha-Globulins↗
PubMed1975

Coagulation and platelet adhesion-inducing factor in the endothelium of the retinal vessels.

By means of an immunofluorescent technique, we found factors promoting blood coagulation and platelet adhesion in the intima of retinal vessels. These factors coexisted with other agents causing the opposite process, fibrin dissolution. The components of this vascular hemostatic balance are possibly involved in the thrombotic occlusion of the retinal vessels, their canalization, and in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy.

Animals↗
PubMed1975

Fibrinolytic activity in human dental pulp.

It has been shown that the fibrinolytic activity is different in different tissues. In this investigation, performed in order to study the fibrinolytic activity in human dental pulp, the authors found a very high activity in this tissue. The importance of this finding is discussed.

Animals↗