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Biomedical subjects

M Perraud

Publications and source records attributed to M Perraud.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

A rapid and easy PCR-RFLP method for genotyping Serratia marcescens strains isolated in different hospital outbreaks and patient environments in the Lyon area, France.

A new genotyping method for Serratia marcescens is described. This method uses the flagellin gene as target for polymerase chain reaction amplification and Alu I restriction fragment length polymorphism. The strains tested belonged to 13 different hospital clusters of S. marcescens isolated between 1983 and 1988, concerning outbreaks and/or patient environments in different hospital units in Lyon and the Rhone-Alpes region of France. Initially, the classification had been performed by marcescinotyping. These strains were then tested by ribotyping and genotyping of the flagellin gene. Genotyping showed similar classification to ribotyping. The genotyping method is the easiest technique, as reproducible as ribotyping, and with almost the same ability to discriminate different strains. It does not need expensive equipment, is more rapid, and is less labor intensive than ribotyping. With this method, all strains of S. marcescens including sporadic isolates could be amplified and typed. Antibiotic sensitivity determination was found to be a useful complementary and confirmation test for all these typing methods.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed2001

A new concept of plaster for preventing hand-borne infections.

A new plaster has been developed to improve asepsis in current medical and nursing care. Technical improvements were achieved via a no touch' technique. The experimental protocol used to evaluate this new plaster allows us to claim its evident superiority because of the no touch' principle and rapid application. Such a plaster appears to be very helpful in diminishing the incidence of hand-borne infections during medical and nursing care.

Bandages↗
PubMed1999

Quantitative determination of endotoxins released by bacterial biofilms.

Residual endotoxins, commonly associated with bacterial biofilms colonizing reusable medical devices have been associated with pyrogenic reactions in patients. We have used a quantitative, sensitive and reproducible kinetic chromogenic adaptation of the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay to assess endotoxin recovery from an in-vitro bacterial biofilm. The 'recovery method' was based on a combination of physical treatment (vortexing and sonication) and chemical treatment (immersion in recovery solution). Five recovery solutions were investigated. The recovered endotoxin was greater when the biofilm was treated with a 1% SDS solution. The sensitive and reproducible method we have developed should allow the recovery and measurement of biofilm bacterial endotoxins on implanted and colonized medical devices. Moreover, the amount of endotoxin was sufficient (> 1000 endotoxin units/cm2 of substrate) to enable a substantial reduction by sterilization processes, the efficiency of which on biofilm endotoxins has yet to be proven.

Biofilms↗
PubMed1992

Air filtration and prevention of aspergillary pneumopathies. Preliminary comparative study of two mobile units for bacteriological air purification with recycling.

Two mobile units for air filtration with recycling designed to reduce the aerobiocontamination of hospital rooms were tested. Their efficacity was evaluated by measurement of particle retention and by quantitative determination of the reduction of aerobiocontamination in rooms occupied by patients. Results show a significant improvement in the aerobiocontamination of test rooms as compared to control rooms. It is thus reasonable to suppose that these systems may provide a practical solution to the problems posed by hospitalization in ordinary rooms of patients subjected to aplasive chemotherapy. A randomized clinical trial is in progress.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMed1990

[Cross-forearm replantation in bilateral amputation].

We report the case of a 27-year-old patient who sustained a traumatic amputation of his 4 limbs. For the right upper limb, the site of amputation was at the level of the upper third of the forearm. For the left upper limb, the site of amputation was at the level of the Cower third of the forearm. In both cases, the loss of soft tissue was so extensive that hand replantation was impossible in the initial position. In such an unusual case, replantation of the right hand to the left side was attempted in this young patient. Osteosynthesis of the radius to the ulna in supination was performed, and arteries, veins, nerves and tendons were repaired. The other segments of amputated limbs were debrided and cleaned. Within a year, protective sensibility was restored in the replanted hand, but intrinsic muscles were paralysed. Secondarily, transfer of thumb opposition and capsulorrhaphy at the level of the metacarpophalangeal joints of long fingers were performed in order to provide a useful key-grip between the three first fingers.

Adult↗
PubMed1987

Invasive nosocomial pulmonary aspergillosis: risk factors and hospital building works.

A retrospective epidemiological study of 22 observations of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, of which 18 were fatal, occurring over a period of 30 months, implicated certain building sites within the hospital. The building works were responsible for the diffusion into the atmosphere of fungal spores from normally closed reservoirs, notably false ceilings, fibrous thermal and/or acoustic insulation materials and roller-blind casings. The results of our study permit us to suggest that protective measures should be set up or that immunodepressed patients are evacuated when such works are to be carried out in an in-patient establishment.

Adolescent↗