Biomedical subjects
M Pollock
Publications and source records attributed to M Pollock.
Sex and its problems. 8. Artificial insemination.
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The prevalence, natural history and dementia of Parkinson's disease.
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Antimicrobial activity of several bis-methanethiolsulfonates.
We determined the inhibitory end point of a series of bis-methanethiolsulfonates, CH(3)SO(2)S(CH(2))(n)SSO(2)CH(3) (n = 2 to 6), and correlated the structures with antimicrobial activity. Eleven microorganisms were used in the evaluation, and the maximal activity occurred when the methylene chain length was five or six. The effect of CH(3)SO(2)S(CH(2))(5)SSO(2)CH(3) (PMTS) on respiration of Aerobacter aerogenes and Staphylococcus aureus was studied at various stages of their growth cycles. The effect on viability was correlated with that of respiration in the case of A. aerogenes. Respiratory inhibition caused by PMTS varied with the growth phase of both organisms, being most pronounced when the cells tested were taken during the period of transition from the log to stationary phase. The lethal effect on A. aerogenes was also greatest at this time. During the period of increased sensitivity, the antimicrobial activity of PMTS appears to be closely related to cell respiration. The delayed rate of kill otherwise observed may reflect an impairment of protein metabolism through reaction with sensitive SH groups.
Reconstruction of motor, sensory, and autonomic neurons based on morphometric study of sampled levels.
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Endoneurial ATPase activity in Tangier disease and other peripheral neuropathies.
Endoneurial sodium, potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+,K+-ATPase) and Mg2+-ATPase activities were determined in routine sural nerve biopsies from patients being evaluated for peripheral neuropathy. A significant reduction of endoneurial Na+,K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities was shown in six sural nerve biopsies from patients with Tangier disease complicated by mononeuropathy multiplex or progressive axonal neuropathy. Peripheral nerve ATPase activities did not correlate with myelinated or unmyelinated nerve fiber densities in these biopsies. Other peripheral neuronal disorders with reduced endoneurial Na+,K+-ATPase and Mg2+-ATPase activities included severe vasculitic neuropathy, diabetic neuropathy, tomaculous neuropathy, and motoneuron disease. Such reduced levels of ATPase activity in peripheral nerve may relate to altered endoneurial lipid metabolism and impaired axoplasmic flow.
Endoscopic removal of esophageal condylomata acuminatum containing human papilloma virus.
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Arm training reduces the VO2 and VE cost of unsupported arm exercise and elevation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
BACKGROUND: Patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may develop dyspnea with minimal arm activity, thoracoabdominal dyssynchrony with unsupported arm exercise (UAEX) and increased oxygen uptake (VO2), and minute ventilation (VE) with simple unsupported arm elevation (UAE) and UAEX. We investigated whether unsupported arm training, as the only form of exercise, could decrease the VO2 and VE cost (percentage increase from resting baseline) associated with unsupported arm elevation and exercise, respectively. METHODS: Twenty-six patients with severe COPD were randomized to 21-24 sessions of unsupported arm (ARMT) or low-intensity resistive breathing (RBT) training as the only form of exercise. Patients were studied before and after training using a metabolic cart and esophageal and gastric pressures to evaluate metabolic and respiratory muscle function. RESULTS: After ARMT, the VO2 (58% vs 38% increase, P < 0.05) and VE (41% v. 21% increase, P < 0.05) cost for UAEX at exercise isotime decreased and endurance time increased. Similarly the VO2 (25% vs 18% increase, P < 0.05) cost decreased and VE no longer increased in response to 2 minutes of UAE after ARMT. The RBT group showed no such change. No improvement in ventilatory load or respiratory muscle function could be identified to explain the physiologic changes observed. After ARMT, mean inspiratory flow (VT/TL), a measure of central respiratory drive, was reduced during UAEX and the expected increase during UAE did not occur. CONCLUSION: We conclude that arm training reduces the VO2 and VE cost of UAE and UAEX, possibly through improved synchronization and coordination of accessory muscle action during unsupported arm activity.
Initial psychologic responses of parents to the diagnosis of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus in their children.
As part of a prospective, longitudinal study of school-aged children with newly diagnosed insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), we examined how the parents adjusted to the illness. The present article documents this process for the first year of IDDM. We found no support for earlier claims that most parents resort to blatantly neurotic or psychopathologic behavior to cope. Instead, the initial strain of living with IDDM generally elicited mild and subclinical depression, anxiety, and overall distress. Mothers were more affected than fathers: they were more symptomatic (about one of four developed a mild grief reaction) and the bulk of them worried considerably about their children. However, the parents' initial emotional upheaval resolved in approximately equal to 6 mo; most mothers came to terms with IDDM by the end of the first year; and other areas of parental functioning (e.g., quality of their marriage) were not affected. Therefore, along with our previous report on how the children coped initially, the findings document the emotional resiliency of families during the first year of IDDM.
Bowed fingers. A helpful sign in the early diagnosis of systemic sclerosis.
Thirteen patients who had in common the clinical finding of shortened forearm flexors were investigated. Additional findings were Raynaud's phenomenon, arthralgia, reduced pulmonary CO diffusion capacity, abnormal EMG, and histological evidence of myopathy. Clinical and serological features in 2 patients were consistent with features described in the mixed connective tissue disease syndrome. The remainder were regarded as having a limited connective tissue disease syndrome, in all probability, a minimal expression of systemic sclerosis. We suggest that the finding of bowed fingers is a more reliable clinical sign than the assessment of skin texture in determining the presence of minimal connective tissue disease.