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Biomedical subjects

M Resch

Publications and source records attributed to M Resch.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

Exanthema and acute anuric renal failure.

A 15-year-old girl with a history of Kawasaki disease was admitted to our nephrological department due to acute renal failure. Despite antibiotic therapy because of fever and the symptoms of a pharyngitis in the last few days, the girl showed persisting fever and developed arthralgias, an exanthema and a rising serum creatinine as well as anuria. A wide variety of differential diagnoses has to be thought of because of the history of the Kawasaki disease (symptoms like fever, pharyngitis, exanthema and arthralgia), i.e. hemolytic-uremic syndrome, vasculitis, ascending infection, postinfection glomerulonephritis. In consideration of etiologically unclear "rapidly progressive renal failure" with anuria and thrombocytopenia an immediate renal biopsy was done and revealed a severe drug induced acute interstitial nephritis. Due to this diagnosis we treated the patient with corticosteroids. Within 4 weeks serum creatinine declined to 1.8 mg/dl but did not normalize.

Acute Kidney Injury↗
PubMed2005

[In vivo confocal corneal microscopy after keratoplasty].

BACKGROUND: Seven eyes with clear grafts after penetrating keratoplasty were examined with in vivo confocal corneal microscopy in 1999. Our aim was the confocal microscopic investigation of the subclinical changes in clear grafts after long-term follow-up. METHODS: The preoperative diagnoses were keratoconus (two), granular corneal dystrophy (two), pseudophakic bullous keratopathy due to ACL (two), and corneal ulcer (one). The epithelium, corneal nerves, keratocytes of the anterior and posterior stroma, and endothelium were evaluated with confocal microscopy. RESULTS: Mean density of basal epithelial cells was 3928+/-378 cells/mm(2) at 15 months and 3284+/-565 cells/mm(2) at 66 months postoperatively. At 15 months the keratocyte density was 750+/-113 cells/mm(2) in the anterior stroma and 601+/-98 cells/mm(2) in the posterior stroma, at 66 months 383+/-53 cells/mm(2) in the anterior stroma and 411+/-98 cells/mm(2) in the posterior stroma. Endothelial cell density decreased from 1719+/-576 cells/mm(2) (15 months) to 965+/-272 cells/mm(2) (66 months). CONCLUSIONS: In the follow-up period a significant decrease of keratocyte and endothelial cell density was detectable with confocal microscopy. The clinical importance of our findings must be clarified with further examinations on more patients.

Adult↗
PubMed2004

[Unilateral ptosis in the background of unilateral corneal arcus lipoides -- a case report].

BACKGROUND: Arcus lipoides corneae is a common bilateral degenerative disorder with ageing but only rarely occurs unilaterally. Clinically visible cream-coloured ring-shaped corneal opacities are caused by excessive lipoid deposits in the corneal stroma. Our aim is to discuss theoretical aspects of the possible impact and pathomechanism of unilateral ptosis in unilateral arcus lipoides. CASE REPORT: The authors report the case of a 70-year-old female patient who was treated for chronic pancreatitis and hyperlipoproteinemia. She had congenital ptosis on the left side, and an arcus lipoides corneae in her left eye. The patient underwent extracapsular cataract extraction, and irregular high-grade astigmatism developed. An irregularity of the wound healing was apparent from the keratometric values, which decreased after removal of the corneal sutures. CONCLUSION: The known etiological factors of unilateral arcus lipoides, like contralateral stenosis of the internal carotid artery, traumatic or iatrogenic hypotony, chronic iridocyclitis of the eye were absent in our patient.

Aged↗
PubMed2004

Bulimia from a gynecological view: hormonal changes.

Gynecological problems are one of the most frequent somatic complications of eating disorders. The purpose of the present study was to assess the role of improper eating habits in the aetiology of menstrual disturbances, anovulation and hormonal related changes. Bulimia nervosa is the focus of attention since amenorrhea is considered a diagnostic criterium in anorexia nervosa. Subjects of the BITE (Bulimia Investigation Test, Edinburgh) test who were infertile were studied (n = 58) In the studied population there were 6 cases of clinical and 8 cases of subclinical bulimia nervosa. Symptoms and severity subscales of the BITE test significantly correlated with body mass index (p = 0.003). All 14 patients suffering from clinical and subclinical bulimia nervosa had pathologically low FSH and LH hormone levels. In those with clinical bulimia nervosa (n = 6) we diagnosed 4 cases of multicystic ovary (MCO) and in the eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) group (n = 22) there were 2 cases of MCO and 5 cases of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The results suggest that unsatisfactory nutrition (binges and "crash diet") in bulimia nervosa results in hormonal dysfunction, menstrual disturbances and infertility. The authors question the necessity for immediately estrogen replacement: they consider the reversibility of the hormonal status by early treatment of eating disorders is more appropriate. Excessive use of hormonal contraceptives in therapy has to be questioned.

Adult↗
PubMed2003

Obstacles in the diagnosis and treatment of syphilitic amyotrophy.

The authors describe a case of syphilitic amyotrophy in a 37-year-old man presenting with subacute progressive painless weakness in the right arm. Syphilitic amyotrophy is still an existing differential diagnosis of painless and progressive weakness. The authors explore potential obstacles in the diagnostic workup and finding of adequate therapy.

Adult↗
PubMed2001

Inhibitory effects of maesanin and analogs on arachidonic acid metabolizing enzymes.

The substituted 1,4-benzoquinone, maesanin (1), is a potent 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) inhibitor present in the fruit of Maesa lanceolata Forssk. Thirteen natural, synthetic, semisynthetic, and microbially transformed analogs of 1 were tested for their in vitro inhibition of 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1). Maesanin was the most active 5-LO inhibitor. All other analogs were inactive or less active than the natural products as 5-LO inhibitors. None of the tested compounds was strongly active in the COX-1 inhibition assay.

Animals↗
PubMed2001

Further phenols and polyacetylenes from the rhizomes of Atractylodes lancea and their anti-inflammatory activity.

From the rhizomes of Atractylodes lancea, 2-[(2'E)-3',7'-dimethyl-2',6'-octadienyl]-4-methoxy-6-methylphenol (1) was isolated as a new natural product. The compound showed strong inhibitory effects on 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1), but exhibited only weak antioxidative activities [IC50 = 0.1 microM (5-LOX), 2 microM (COX-1), 9 microM (PMN/FMLP), 28 microM (PMNIOZ)]. Moreover, five new acetylenes were isolated and elucidated as (3Z,5E,11E)-tridecatriene-7,9-diynyl-1-O-(E)-ferulate (2), erythro-(1,3Z,11E)-tridecatriene-7,9-diyne-5,6-diyl diacetate (3), (1Z)-atractylodin (4), (1Z)-atractylodinol (5), (1Z)-acetylatractylodinol (6) plus the known (4E,6E,12E)-tetradecatriene-8,10-diyne-1,3-diyl diacetate (7). Among the acetylenes, only 2 showed strong inhibition of 5-LOX and COX-1 activity (IC50 (5-LOX) = 3 microM, IC50 (COX-1) = 1 microM). In addition, the fatty acids linoleic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid with previously established 5-LOX-/COX-1 inhibitory actions were identified as major constituents of the n-hexane extract and thus seem to contribute to the plant's in vitro activity.

Acetylene↗
PubMed1999

[The combined effect of psychotherapy and fluoxetine on obesity].

Obesity as psychosomatic disease is a mass phenomenon. The number of obese males (BMI > 30) became doubled in the last ten years. In the etiology of obesity play an important role the reactive obesity. In the background of "yo-yo syndrome" often could be found depression, or other psychotic disorder. The low self-esteem, body dissatisfaction, tension, anxiety disorders is well-known in a slimming diet. Obese subjects (n = 29) who were admitted on their request with a view to losing weight were examined (Hamilton Depressive Scala, Hamilton Anxietas Scala, Eating Attitude Test) Physical Conditioning and internal Medicine Department of National Sports Medicine Institute, Budapest. Among obesities with mild and severe depression as treatment of somatic complications was used fluoxetine, in severe cases and depression with severe anxiety was associated with supportive or cognitive-behavioral treatment. The prevalence of binge eating disorders were at 57% and bulimia nervosa was at 3% in using population (n = 29). Decreasing of anxiety and grade of depression significantly correlated with body mass index (p < 0.023, F = 1.997, p < 0.034, F = 3.131). The treatment of fluoxetine significantly correlated with body mass index (T1: p < 0.023, T2: p < 0.03, T3: p < 0.004). The patients indicated their well being as fluoxetine reduced eating, satiety and lower binges.

Adult↗
PubMed1999

Eating disorders and depression in Hungarian women with menstrual disorders and infertility.

Menstrual disorders are among the most frequent somatic complications and symptoms of eating disorders. This study was designed to assess the prevalence of eating disorders connected to menstrual disorders of a non-organic origin in women at two gynecological out-patient departments. We performed a survey via questionnaires (ANIS: Anorexia Nervosa Inventory Scale; BCDS: Bulimic Cognitive Distortions Scale; BITE: Bulimia Investigation Test, Edinburgh; EDI: Eating Disorders Inventory; BDI: Beck Depression Inventory). Among 75 women tested we found a prevalence figure of 4% for anorexia nervosa (AN) and 12% for bulimia nervosa (BN). The total prevalence of clinical and subclinical eating disorders syndromes was 44%. The prevalence of depression was 64% for all respondents, whilst severe depression accounted for 11%. This study demonstrates the (relatively) higher frequency of bulimia nervosa in Hungary, compared with other countries.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

[Prevalence of menstrual and eating disorders among infertile women].

Menstrual disorders are among the most frequent somatic complications and symptoms of eating disorders. Since 1972 amenorrhea has been registered among the diagnostic criteria of anorexia nervosa (AN). Although such a criterion is not essential for establishing a case of bulimia nervosa (BN), international research has, on several occasions, described menstruational disorders (in 95% of the cases) and amenorrhea (in 20% of the cases). This study was designed to assess the prevalence of eating disorders connected to menstruational disturbances having no organic causes. Our method was the following: the test was carried out via questionnaires (ANIS, BCDS, BITE, EDI, BDI) completed by patients of endocrine surgery of two gynecological out-patient wards. We have found the following (n = 75) prevalence figures: AN: 4%, BN: 12% while the total prevalence of clinical and subclinical eating disorder syndromes was at 44%. Our findings, are in line with other international findings.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1998

5-Lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitory active compounds from Atractylodes lancea.

Lipophilic extracts of Atractylodes lancea rhizomes exhibited potent inhibitory activities in 5-lipoxygenase [IC50 (5-LOX) = 2.9 micrograms/mL (n-hexane extract)] and cyclooxygenase-1 [IC50 (COX-1) = 30.5 micrograms/mL (n-hexane extract)] enzymatic assays. Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the n-hexane extract led to the isolation of a new compound atractylochromene (1), a potent inhibitor in both test systems [IC50 (5-LOX) = 0.6 microM, IC50 (COX-1) = 3.3 microM]. Also obtained was 2-[(2E)-3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadienyl]-6-methyl-2,5-cyclohexadiene-1 ,4-dione (2), which showed a selective inhibitory activity against 5-LOX [IC50 (5-LOX) 0.2 microM, IC50 (COX-1) 64.3 microM]. The sesquiterpene atractylon (3) and the coumarin osthol (4) turned out to be moderate but selective 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors. Atractylenolides I (5), II (6), and III (7) showed no significant inhibitory effects for either enzyme. Structures were established by spectral data interpretation.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Antimicrobial activity of Pelargonium essential oils added to a quiche filling as a model food system.

Eight essential oils obtained by steam distillation from the scented leaves of Pelargonium species and cultivars were added at 250, 500 and 1000 ppm to a quiche filling, inoculated with either Saccharomyces ludwigii or Zygosaccharomyces bailii (at 10(8) cfu g-1), Salmonella enteriditis or Listeria innocua (at 10(9) cfu g-1). The quiche fillings were then kept at 25 degrees C for 24 h and the residual number of micro-organisms determined using the pour plate technique. There was an effective antimicrobial activity by the Pelargonium essential oils at 250 ppm, comparable with that of commercial thyme oil, an excellent antimicrobial agent, against Saccharomyces ludwigii and Zygosaccharomyces bailii, and a lesser inhibition compared with commercial thyme against Salm, enteriditis. There was a greater diversity of activity against L. innocua, which was in some cases more effective than commercial thyme oil. At 500 ppm, there was a greatly increased inhibition of microbial growth using the Pelargonium essential oils, which was comparable with that of commercial thyme, clove, geranium and coriander oils. As there is no evidence for the toxicity of any of these novel Pelargonium oils, and their odour does not make the delicately flavoured quiche filling unpalatable, there is a strong potential for their use in food processing.

Colony Count, Microbial↗
PubMed1998

5-Methylflavasperone and rhamnetin from Guiera senegalensis and their antioxidative and 5-lipoxygenase inhibitory activity.

From the methylene chloride extract of the leaves of Guiera senegalensis a novel naphthopyran, 5-methylflavasperone (5,8,10-trimethoxy-2-methyl-4 H-naphtho[1,2-b]pyran-4-one), as well as rhamnetin were isolated. Rhamnetin showed a strong inhibitory activity on 5-lipoxygenase from porcine leucocytes with an IC50 value of 0.7 microM whereas 5-methylflavasperone revealed only a weak inhibitory activity (IC50 > 200 microM). In the deoxyribose assay both compounds exerted similar antiradicalar effects (IC50 15.8 and 16.7 microM, respectively). In another assay only rhamnetin inhibited peroxidation of phospholipid liposomes (IC50 = 2.4 microM). For 5-methylflavasperone no dose dependent inhibition could be observed.

Animals↗
PubMed1997

[The female athletes' triad: eating disorders, amenorrhea, osteoporosis].

The study provides a summary of the most important features of eating disorders, amenorrhoea and osteoporosis jointly called the female athletes' triad. Considering the seriousness of the various symptoms, different branches of sport are affected to a different degree, which could be explained by the predispositioning risk factors being featured differently. The weight of the problem is indicated by the fact that eating disorders in female athletes show a 15-62%, while amenorrhea a 3.4-66% prevalence. There is no similar comprehensive figure concerning osteoporosis. Though various studies make the connection unambiguous, there can be no doubt about the urgency of further tests with respect to screening, therapy and prevention, as well.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1993

Crystallization of bovine adrenodoxin reductase in a new unit cell and its crystallographic characterization.

Plate-like crystals of adrenodoxin reductase from bovine adrenocortical mitochondria were obtained in a new modification. The crystals belong to the monoclinic space group C2 with cell parameters a = 85.94 A, b = 62.64 A, c = 128.55 A and beta = 99.8 degrees. There are two molecules in the asymmetric unit. The crystals diffract to better than 3.0 A resolution at 4 degrees C.

Adrenal Glands↗
PubMed1992

Diagnostic problems in nodular regenerative hyperplasia (nodular transformation) of the liver. Review of the literature and report of two cases.

Nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) is a rare lesion of the liver associated with portal hypertension in more than half of patients. We present two cases demonstrating complications and diagnostic problems of NRH and review the pathogenesis, clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of 240 cases in the literature. Patient 1 died from variceal bleeding as a complication of NRH. Patient 2 presented with ascites. Sonographic, computed-tomographic and magnetic resonance findings did not differ from liver cirrhosis. Three needle biopsies showed nonspecific reactive hepatitis. Wedge liver biopsy provided the correct diagnosis of NRH and a shunt operation was performed. Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (centroblastic type) was diagnosed three years after NRH. At present there is no clinical or radiologic evidence of progression of NRH in this patient. The diagnosis of NRH cannot be made without histologic examination. Correct diagnosis is difficult in percutaneous needle biopsy. Therefore, laparoscopically guided liver biopsy or wedge biopsy is often necessary for diagnosis. NRH should be included in the differential diagnosis of portal hypertension. Portal diversion can be considered.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1991

Three-dimensional numerical analysis of pulsatile flow and wall shear stress in the carotid artery bifurcation.

To analyse the pulsatile flow field and the mechanical stresses in a three-dimensional carotid artery bifurcation model, computer simulation is applied. The approximation of the Navier-Stokes equations uses a pressure correction finite element method. Numerical results are presented for axial and secondary flow velocity and wall shear stresses with special emphasis on the fluid dynamics in the carotid sinus. This region is of major interest because it is affected preferentially by lesions. Detailed local flow studies as carried out here should lead to a further insight into the mechanisms of atherogenesis. The flow conditions used in the study were chosen according to Ku et al. (Arteriosclerosis 5, 293-302, 1985). The results of this numerical analysis agree in the essential features with their experimental results.

Blood Flow Velocity↗