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Biomedical subjects

M Sasdelli

Publications and source records attributed to M Sasdelli.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Long-term comparison between captopril and nifedipine in the progression of renal insufficiency.

To verify the hypothesis that angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors possess a unique renoprotective effect in progressive chronic renal disease, we decided to compare the effects of an ACE inhibitor and a calcium antagonist on both hypertension and the progression of non-diabetic renal insufficiency in a long-term study. A four-year, multicenter, prospective, randomized trial was conducted on 142 hypertensive patients (pts) with established chronic renal failure from six Italian nephrology departments. They were on standard antihypertensive therapy with a low-protein diet and underwent twice-monthly surveillance for a one year pre-randomization period. After that year, 121 pts were randomly allocated to captopril or slow-release nifedipine therapies for a three-year study period. The progression of renal insufficiency was monitored every two months. Blood pressure control was significantly better after randomization than during the year of standard antihypertensive therapy. The progression rate before randomization (BR) was definitely higher before than after randomization (AR): Creatinine clearance (CCr) change BR = -0.46 +/- 0.45 ml/min/month, creatinine clearance change AR = -0.23 +/- 0.43 ml/min/month (P less than 0.01). After randomization, the mean blood pressure values were virtually the same throughout the three year period of the study in the two groups treated by captopril (group I), or nifedipine (group II).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Multicenter comparative study of aztreonam and gentamicin in the treatment of renal and urinary tract infections.

A multicenter comparative study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of aztreonam and gentamicin in 186 patients with symptomatic renal or urinary tract infections. Patients were divided randomly into two groups: 94 patients received aztreonam 1 g/day intramuscularly and 92 patients received gentamicin 80 mg i.m. twice daily. The clinical and microbiologic results found a single daily dose of aztreonam to be more effective than gentamicin b.i.d. Furthermore, no evidence of side effects was seen with aztreonam. Such results are generally thought to ensure better compliance in outpatients.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Serum B2 microglobulin (B2M) in CAPD.

Twenty-six chronic uremic pts (8F and 18M, mean age 64 yrs) on CAPD for 15 months on the average, were studied as regards the levels of B2M measured by radioimmunoassay in fasting serum samples. Considering residual renal function, 2 pts groups were identified: 11 pts with a diuresis greater than or equal to 500 cc/day and 15 pts with a diuresis less than 500 cc/day. Serum B2M was significantly decreased in the first group (24.8 +/- 8.1 vs 34.7 +/- 7.1 mg/l; p less than 0.02). Considering the incidence of peritonitis episodes, 12 pts without and 14 pts with one or more peritonitis episodes were noted. The group with no peritonitis showed significantly decreased serum B2M values (25.1 +/- 7.6 vs 35.03 +/- 4.8 mg/l; p less than 0.005). No relationship was found as regards primary renal diseases, sex and age of pts. We conclude that residual renal function and peritonitis episodes modify serum B2M levels in CAPD. The long term follow up of pts could be of interest for better defining the role of these factors as regards the incidence of pathologic lesions associated with B2M deposition.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Systolic ejection murmur in the differential diagnosis of isolated aortic insufficiency and its association with stenosis].

As assessment of the value of systolic ejection murmur in the differentiation of valvular insufficiency with and without stenosis was carried out by means of ECG, polycardiography and M-mode echocardiography in 60 patients with aortic valve disease divided into 35 subjects with and 25 without stenosis. Attention was directed to the configuration of the murmur, with particular reference to the proto-, meso- or telesystolic location of its acme and the Q-acme distance. It was found that the acme was meso or telesystolic in all cases where stenosis was present, whereas it was proto- or very initially mesosystolic in its absence.

Aortic Valve Insufficiency↗
PubMed1983

Hemodialysis leukopenia and complement function with different dialyzers.

The relationship between leukopenia and the complement system during hemodialysis was re-examined by studying not only the in vivo effects of four different dialyzer membranes (cellulose hydrate, cuprophan, cellulose acetate, and polyacrilonitrile) on leukocyte counts and complement levels, but especially by investigating the effects of these membranes on complement function in vitro. Whereas from in vivo studies no definite conclusions could be drawn, in vitro investigations provided clear-cut information. When more sophisticated technical approaches were undertaken, it became evident that hemodialysis leukopenia has to be thought of in terms of chemotactic factor generation. In fact, a strict correlation was demonstrated between the degree of leukopenia induced by the dialyzers tested and the ability of the relative membrane to generate chemotactic activity in vitro. Moreover, the previously observed ability of polyacrilonitrile membrane to induce a decrement in complement function was due to the ability of polyacrilonitrile to adsorb complement activity and did not correspond to effective complement consumption. This finding explained why polyacrilonitrile dialysis is not accompanied by a decrease in circulating granulocytes. Taken together, our data strongly point to a pivotal role of complement system in the pathogenesis of hemodialysis leukopenia.

Acrylic Resins↗
PubMed1983

Study of inhibitor and nucleator activities in calcium stone formers.

In 30 calcium stone formers urinary citrate, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, uric acid and oxalate excretion were compared with the activity product ratios and formation product ratios of oxalate, brushite and monosodium urate. A positive correlation was found between calcium and phosphorus excretions and APRox and APRbr; no correlation was found between oxalate, uric acid, citrate and magnesium excretion and APR or FPR. Thus calcium and phosphorus contribute significantly to the increments of urine saturation; citrate and magnesium do not modify the inhibitor urinary activity, and oxalate and uric acid do not influence inhibition and saturation activities of urine.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Cell mediated immunity in idiopathic glomerulonephritis.

Various recent reports have suggested the presence of a functional defect of lymphocyte subpopulations in minimal-change nephropathy during the active phase. A probable role of inhibitory humoral factor(s) has been hypothesized. However, other authors have been unable to detect a significant difference between plasma from patients with nephrotic syndrome due to minimal-change nephropathy and plasma from other glomerulonephritis in the degree of inhibition of mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation. In our study, T cell function, as measured by the response to PHA in autologous plasma, was depressed only in patients with minimal-change nephrotic syndrome and in patients with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. The lymphocyte function returned to normal when lymphocytes were cultured in homologous plasma. The lymphocyte responsiveness of patients with other glomerulonephritis with or without nephrotic syndrome was normal in both autologous and homologous plasma. Moreover, only plasma from patients with minimal-change nephropathy in the active phase and with membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis were able to induce inhibition of mitogenesis of lymphocytes from healthy donors. These data seem to confirm the presence of specific humoral inhibitory factor(s) in the plasma of these patients. Finally, preliminary findings seem to demonstrate an increase of the number of TG cells in patients with minimal-change nephropathy in remission who relapse early in the subsequent follow-up.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Treatment of ectopic calcification in uremia.

Nine uremic patients on maintenance hemodialysis who showed wide arterial and/or stable periarticular calcifications in spite of a well controlled hyperphosphatemia were treated with the diphosphonate disodium ethane-1-hydroxy-1,1-diphosphonate (EHDP) in doses of 7.5 to 10 mg/kg of body wt/per day for 5 to 9 months. No clinical or biochemical side-effects were noted. A significant reduction of the extent of periarticular calcifications was observed in five patients: two of them had a complete regression of soft-tissue calcifications, and one patient showed a reduction of arterial calcification. EHDP (7.5 to 10 mg/kg of body wt/per day) induced a significant increase of the osteoid volume and osteoid surface without significant modification of the calcification front. No evident effect on bone resorption and on the mineral content of the radius has been observed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

[Hemorrhagic complications during therapy with carbenicillin in 2 cases of acute renal insufficiency].

During the treatment of two patients with acute renal insufficiency with carbenicillin for Pseudomonas aeruginosa sepsis haematemesis, melaena and omnipresent petechiae were observed. Suspension was followed by rapid regression and the normalisation of clotting. Attention is drawn to haemorrhage as clotting. Attention is drawn to haemorrhage as a possible complication of carbenicillin management in patients with acute renal insufficiency.

Acute Kidney Injury↗