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Biomedical subjects

M Schechter

Publications and source records attributed to M Schechter.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1978

Effects of hyperthermia on primary and metastatic tumor growth and host immune response in rats.

A hot water bath was used to heat locally a metastasizing carcinoma in Wistar/Furth rats. Applying heat such that intratumor temperature is maintained at a mean value of 42.3 degrees for two 90-min sessions results in a decreased growth rate of the primary tumor as well as distant metastases. Heating the primary tumor for only one 90-min session or heating the leg contralateral to the tumor-bearing limb has no effect on the growth rate of either the primary tumor or metastases. Heat therapy has no detrimental effect on the spleen cell-mediated tumor immune response of rats as tested by an in vitro lymphocytotoxicity assay 1 day later. However, heating isolated spleen cells to similar temperatures in vitro reduces their capacity for in vitro tumor cell killing.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Treatment of rat fibrosarcoma by radiotherapy plus immune adjuvant.

Combined radiotherapy and nonspecific adjuvant C. parvum or Piromen treatment of rat tumors show improvement over radiotherapy alone. The most effective protocol, resulting in complete remission in 6 of 6 rats was obtained with C. parvum given i.p. in three doses 1 day prior to tumor X-irradiation of three doses of 1500 R each given on days 1, 4, and 8. Animals receiving the same dose schedule without adjuvant had only partial regression of their tumor. Without adjuvant, increasing the dose to 6000 R also resulted in tumor regression, but at the expense of marked necrosis to the leg. One mechanism for the observed results may be stimulation of the reticulo-endothelial system to produce macrophages activated against the tumor. It is also possible that C. parvum causes increased rate of clearance of soluble antigens released as a result of radiation destruction of the tumor, as suggested by Proctor et al (3).

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1970

Diaper deaths.

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Humans↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Antibiotic regimen as an independent risk factor for disseminated fungal infections in neutropenic patients in Brazil.

In a cohort of 79 febrile episodes in 50 consecutive neutropenic patients seen at the University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 1987 and 1991, it was observed that the cumulative incidence of disseminated fungal infections rose from 3% to 19% after the introduction of a new empirical antibiotic regimen. In order to identify risk factors, as well as to assess the impact of the new antibiotic regimen on the emergence of fungal infections, a nested case-control study was undertaken, in which 10 cases of disseminated fungal infections were compared with 30 randomly chosen controls, drawn from the same cohort. In a multiple logistic regression analysis, the predictive factors for disseminated fungal infection were younger age (odds ratio 0.85, 95% confidence interval 0.75-0.97) and use of the new antibiotic regimen (odds ratio 14.18, 95% confidence interval 1.05-191.80) The probable explanation for the emergence of fungal infections is that the new antibiotic regimen, by lowering the incidence of bacteraemia-related deaths, allowed patients to be at risk for the development of disseminated fungal infections.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluation of a monoclonal antibody affinity purified antigen for zymodeme specific serological diagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi infection.

Theoretically, serological assays with affinity purified marker antigens can allow strain-specific diagnosis even when parasites cannot be retrieved from an infected host. A Trypanosoma cruzi antigen was purified by affinity chromatography using a zymodeme (Z) 2 specific monoclonal antibody (2E2C11). An indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) based on the purified antigen could discriminate between sera from rabbits immunized with T. cruzi zymodeme clones but could not discriminate between sera from mice infected with different zymodemes.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Prevalence of antibodies to hepatitis C virus in populations at low and high risk for sexually transmitted diseases in Rio de Janeiro.

In order to investigate the sexual transmission of the Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), the prevalence of specific antibodies in populations at high and low risk for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) was evaluated. The population at low risk for STDs was composed of persons who voluntarily donated blood at the Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho (HUCFF) between July and November, 1990 (n = 2494). The population at high risk for STDs was drawn from an ongoing study on the natural history of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection (n = 210, 187 with sexual risk factors for HIV infection). All samples were screened using a first generation ELISA. Repeat reactive samples were then tested in a second generation RIBA. For all ELISA positive samples, two sex and age-matched ELISA negative controls were selected. Data pertaining to the presence of antibodies to the Hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBC antibodies) and to Treponema pallidum were abstracted from the medical records. The prevalence of RIBA 2 confirmed HCV infection among the blood donors was 2.08%, which is well above the reported prevalence in similar populations from developed western countries. Among the HIV infected homosexuals, the encountered prevalence was 7.96% (p < 0.0005). For the whole group with sexually acquired HIV infection, the prevalence was 8.02% (p < 0.000005). Anti-HBc antibodies were more frequently present in anti-HCV RIBA-2 confirmed positive blood donors than in controls (p < 0.001). 33.3% of the HCV-positive blood donors and 11.04% controls were found to be anti-HBc positive (p < 0.0005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Blood Donors↗
PubMedDate not supplied

V3 peptide binding pattern and HIV-1 transmission route in Rio de Janeiro.

To characterize antibody binding to a panel of V3 loop peptides representing diverse HIV-1 neutralization epitopes, 149 HIV-1 infected individuals from Rio de Janeiro (RJ) were investigated. Results were analyzed with respect to risk factors for infection and other epidemiological and clinical data. Peptide reactivity was not associated with sex, clinical status, CD4 counts, antigenemia or beta 2-microglobulin serum level. A segregation of peptide reactivity according to route of infection was encountered. This finding suggests that more then one viral strain may be circulating in RJ, in subjects with different risk factors for HIV-1 infection. An investigation of prevalent HIV-1 genotypes, serotypes and immunotypes may be of importance for the design and selection of potential vaccines to be used in Brazil as well as for the selection of populations to be included in future vaccine efficacy trials.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗