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M Slosárek

Publications and source records attributed to M Slosárek.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

[The effect of glutaraldehyde on mycobacteria and on selected types of bacteria].

The author tested the action of 2% alkalinized glutaraldehyde on Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. kansasii, M. avium, M. xenopi and M. fortuitum, as well as Staphyloccocus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Bacillus cereus, B. megatherium and B. subtilis. After 5-minute exposure devitalization of M. tuberculosis, M. kansasii and vegetative forms of the tested bacteria occurred. A sporicide effect was recorded already after 30 minutes or after more than 120 minutes. Most resistant were potentially pathogenic M. fortuitum, M. xenopi and M. avium where the disinfectant effect (a drop of CFU by 99.99%) was recorded after 7-63 minutes and their complete devitalization occurred after 3 (M. fortuitum) to 20 hours' (M. avium) action. The author recommends therefore exposure for 24 hours for sterilization of objects contamined with the above species of mycobacteria. This pertains in particular to instruments which cannot be sterilized by heat (endoscopes, bronchoscopes, sigmoidoscopes etc.), used in the diagnosis of mycobacterioses in patients with compromised immunity, e.g. in AIDS.

Escherichia coli↗
PubMed1988

Mycobacteria in the light of modern genetics development.

It is generally assumed that genetic research of mycobacteria is delayed as compared with other, more commonly used, bacterial models, particularly in the field of genetic transfers. In the field of mutagenesis the problems have been studied to such an extent that replication maps of the chromosome of M. phlei and M. tuberculosis H37 Rv have already been constructed and a new model of the cell cycle of bacteria exhibiting a slow growth rate has been worked out. When the problems of mycobacterial genetics are looked upon in the light of gene manipulations it may be concluded that mycobacteria belong to a few models whose genes are used for cloning and that problems of practical significance will be studied by means of the most modern approaches.

Genetics, Microbial↗
PubMed1988

Isolation and identification of a morpholine-degrading bacterium.

A gram-positive, slowly growing rod effectively utilizing morpholine as the sole source of organic carbon, nitrogen, and energy was isolated from a mixed culture in a laboratory reactor. The strain was tentatively identified as Mycobacterium aurum. Its growth characteristics at 20 degrees C and pH 6.5 were as follows: maximum specific growth rate, 0.052 h-1; half-velocity constant, 1.3 mg/liter; and yield, 0.37 g/g. The optimum temperature and pH were 31 degrees C and 6.0, respectively.

Biodegradation, Environmental↗
PubMed1982

Taxonomic analysis of some slowly growing atypical mycobacteria.

A taxonomic analysis of 92 strains of slowly growing mycobacteria received as members of 11 species of the genus Mycobacterium showed that the 45 characters used allowed to reliably recognize M. avium-intracellulare, M. xenopi, M. kansasii, M. shimoidei, M. terrae, M. nonchromogenicum and M. triviale as distinct species. A numerical taxonomic method revealed that strains of these species formed distinct clusters, which was confirmed by calculated mean values of intra- and intertaxon similarity. A close relatedness was found between M. scrofulaceum and M. avium-intracellulare species which could not be well differentiated from one another by the tests used. A small number of M. novum strains in the study did not allow a clearcut distinction between this taxon and similar strains of M. nonchromogenicum and M. terrae species. Both collection strains of M. gastri differed considerably from one another: one exhibited a certain relatedness to M. kansasii taxon, the other one to M. avium-intracellulare. This study allowed to prepare a table which presents the frequencies (%) of characters positivity for each of the taxa studied. The table is intended as a diagnostic tool in routine identification procedures conducted in field mycobacteriological laboratories.

Mycobacterium↗
PubMed1981

Survival of mycobacteria in sputum at different temperatures.

In the course of prolonged transport of sputa suspected of the presence of mycobacteria, propagation of the present nonspecific microflora usually occurs, which results in a high number of contaminated cultivations and low cultivation positivity. This unfavourable phenomenon is especially encountered in tropical and subtropical countries with high mean yearly temperatures, where, in addition, the places of sputum collection are often at a great distance from the central laboratories. The present study, accordingly, tested the survival of mycobacteria and nonspecific microflora in sputa stored at 2 - 4 degrees C, 30 degrees C and 37 degrees C for 1 - 14 days. Over this time span the loss of cultivable mycobacteria was minimal at 2 - 4 degrees C, substantial (by 3 or 4 orders) at 30 degrees C, while at 37 degrees C, their complete destruction occurred between the 4th and the 8th day. The counts of nonspecific microflora, on the contrary, invariably increased by 1 or 1.5 order at the higher temperatures (30 - 37 degrees C) already in the first few days. The study led to the unequivocal conclusions that, for successful cultivation of sputum mycobacteria, the time of their transport should be as short as possible and the transport temperature the lowest possible. It is therefore recommended to use for sputum transport at longer distances boxes with good thermal insulation (walls of polystyrene or polyurethane) provided inside with freezing plates.

Humans↗
PubMed1981

Agreement and disagreement between laboratories in species identification of mycobacteria.

Twenty coded strains of the following species: Mycobacterium avium, M. fortuitum, M. gordonae, M. chelonei, M. intracellulare, M. kansasii, M. nonchromogenicum, M. scrofulaceum, M. terrae, M. triviale and M. xenopi, were subjected to identification in a co-operative study undertaken by seven laboratories of four countries (CSSR, GDR, PRP and USSR). Three of these laboratories recognized 18-19 (90-95%) of the strains, three others 15-17 (75-85%) and one laboratory recognized 8 (40%) strains. In the correctly identified species, agreement between the tests used by all participants was evaluated. The highest rates of agreement in positive or negative results (04-100%) were obtained for nitrate reduction, detection of arylsulphatase, urease and nicotinamidase in M. kansasii, M. avium-intracellulare and M. fortuitum.

Bacteriological Techniques↗
PubMed1980

Fluorescent method for testing the enzymic activity of mycobacteria.

The possibility of utilizing derivatives of 4-methylumbelliferone (4-MUBF) for the determination of activity of enzymes from the group of hydrolyses was tested in 20 strains of 12 species of mycobacteria. The method proved to be suitable especially for determination of arylsulphatase, beta-D-galactose and acid phosphatase.

Acid Phosphatase↗
PubMed1977

Cytochemical and biological properties of Mycobacterium bovis BCG.

It was the aim of the present communication to find a simple test for a reliable discrimination of Mycobacterium bovis BCG from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A total of 26 BCG strains, out of them 10 Czechoslovak strains (2 lyophilized cultures of BCG of different batch, 6 strains isolated from abscesses of children after BCG-vaccination and 2 strains from fatal cases after BCG-vaccination) and 16 strains obtained from foreign laboratories, were used. Of the tested characteristics a combination of 3 tests, sensitivity to 1 microgram of 2-thiophene carbonylhydrazide (TCH), activity of 3 acylamidases (urease, nicotinamidase and pyrazinamidase) and a quantitative nitrate test, was found to be most advantageous. The Czechoslovak strains of Mycobacterium bovis BCG were fully sensitive to TCH, of the 3 acylamidases mentioned above only urease was positive and nitrate was reduced only little or not at all. On the other hand, strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis were always resistant to TCH, had positive urease, nicotinamidase and pyrazinamidase and reduced nitrate very intensively.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

Comparison of microscopic positivity in smears from sputa stained according to Ziehl-Neelsen in different modifications.

Some basic factors influencing the detection of microscopic positivity in the sputa of patients with tuberculosis of the lungs, stained according to Ziehl-Neelsen in various modifications, were studied in 9 laboratories in 5 different countries (Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Mongolia, German Democratic Republic and Poland). Each laboratory prepared 200 coded slides from 50 suspect-positive sputa. The slides were stained using four different methods and despatched, without examination, to the next laboratory in the series. A total of 1 800 slides from 450 sputa were thus evaluated and each smear was successively examined by 8 different readers. The study has shown that the result of direct microscopy depends primarily on the individual qualities and attentiveness of the workers evaluating the slides while the remaining factors are less important. Mechanical homogenization of sputa before making the smear, carried out by shaking the sputum with glass beads, had a significant effect on the number of detected mycobacteria while homogenization using soda lye did not influence the positivity in any direction. The detection of mycobacteria after hot staining was significantly higher than after a 2-hour action of carbolfuchsin without heating. Additional staining with picric acid or malachite green had no effect on the amount of bacteria detected and the method of examination (in one line or meander-like on selected spots) was found to be completely unimportant.

Humans↗