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Biomedical subjects

M Voss

Publications and source records attributed to M Voss.

At least 91 records · Page 5Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Immunizing against salmonella infections with live and inactivated vaccines].

A live attenuated auxotrophic S. typhimurium (S. tm.)-mutant was used by orally administration via drinking water several times during rearing, combined with 1- or 2-times parenteral injection of an autogenous S. enteritidis (S. e.)/S. tm.-oil emulsion vaccine. In a 8-month period, more than 500,000 birds were vaccinated. The vaccine was safe. Challenge test showed protection in the vaccinates and their offspring. The number of isolates in the farms detected by regular monitoring decreased. The protection of the live-culture mutant lasted about only 8 to 10 weeks. A. S. tm.-mutant more potent for chickens will be tested now. We consider vaccinations as one important factor in a salmonella control program, especially for commercial layers and broiler breeders.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Digital luminescence radiography (DLR) for skeletal diagnosis in traumatology].

170 patients who had suffered trauma to bones or soft tissues were examined by a digital and a conventional film/screen technique. In addition to "standard" and edge-enhanced images, post-processing was carried out and compared with conventional radiographs. Four radiologists and two surgeons evaluated the compacta, spongiosa, soft tissues, fractures and osteo-synthetic materials as shown on the two systems. The "standard" digital images are inferior to film images, but edge-enhanced images showed definite advantages for demonstrating soft tissues. Evaluation of osteo-synthetic material is limited by the creation of artifacts. Recognition of detail can be significantly improved by using post-processing with optimized parameters.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1991

Incidence of work-related disorders and absenteeism as tools in the implementation of work environment improvements: the Sweden Post strategy.

In 1989, a comprehensive, five-year work environment project (Postal Work Environment [PWE] 2000) was launched by Sweden Post (SP). Its purpose was to identify the jobs and employees with the most exposed work environments and, in conjunction herewith, to initiate remedial programmes. Standardized interviews with a selection of employees and statistical and epidemiological evaluation of illness absenteeism and occupational injuries served as input data for devising different measures of work-related ill health (subjective complaints, symptoms, illness, illness absenteeism, and occupational injury). The results provided an incentive to regional action programmes, in which 'risk areas and risk occupations' were correlated with the load factors, primarily in ergonomic and work organization areas, cited in interview replies. In its regional efforts. PWE 2000 served as a stimulus/catalyst in the implementation of various regional action programmes.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed1991

[Vaccination against infectious anemia of poultry (CAA)--results of field studies].

Infectious anemia of poultry is a disease of high economical significance. Connatal infection of chicks with the chicken anemia agent (CAA) via the embryonated egg causes anemia along with severe immunosuppression, thus rendering the chicken susceptible for secondary infections. In order to prevent infection of young chicks, it is necessary to induce immunity against CAA in parent flocks, with the aim to prevent connatal spread of the infection and provide maternal protection for baby chicks. In this publication, the efficacy and use of a live CAA vaccine is reported. From autumn 1986 until summer 1990, 3 experimental vaccine charges were applied in 85 broiler parent flocks with totally 3.1 million chickens. In addition, totally 293,000 broiler breeder and 171,000 layer breeder chicken were vaccinated in 1989/90. The vaccine was administered between the 13th and 19th week of life by drinking water without adverse effect to the birds. Chicken anemia symptoms were observed only at the begin of laying period in two parent flocks. These flocks had been vaccinated in the 17th and 19th week, respectively. The offsprings of all other vaccinated parent flocks remained free of chicken anemia. Day-old chicks derived from vaccinated parent flocks were protected against CAA challenge infection. It is emphasized, that vaccination should be performed within the 13th to 15th week of life, because according to our observations, this will lead to an immediate seroconversion.

Anemia↗
PubMed1991

[Keratosis follicularis--new genetic aspects].

A hypothesis according to which two types of keratosis follicularis (below) should be differentiated is discussed with reference to clinical findings recorded during mass screening in kindergartens and in a dermatological practice: (1) condition improves, to normal in early adulthood, a type in which the for which heritability not cannot be identified by mass screening; (2) a type with growing incidence, primarily among women up to 30 years of age, caused by an X-linked dominant gene.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

Gene diagnosis in X-linked ichthyosis.

Three families segregating for X-linked ichthyosis (XLI) were analysed using the full-length STS cDNA probe and an anonymous polymorphic DNA sequence closely linked to the STS gene. In patients from two of the families, submicroscopic chromosomal deletions could be detected using both the STS and the GMGX9 (DXS237 locus) probes. Patients in the third family showed the same hybridization pattern as healthy males following molecular hybridization with either of the probes. The results of DNA analysis (indirect genotype diagnosis) agree well with those based on the arysulfatase C/beta-gal determination and prove the reliability of the biochemical test. Both methods are discussed for carrier detection, prenatal diagnosis, and genetic counseling.

Arylsulfatases↗
PubMed1988

[Synopsis of procedures used in the evaluation of the physically handicapped and work demands].

The selection of workplaces for disabled people requires the matching of their abilities with the requirements of potential workplaces. Such a comparison may occur in particular by directly contrasting abilities and job demands, for instance by profile comparison. Abilities are thereby described in terms of job demands and recorded in standardized items. In a synopsis of 13 existing job/person evaluation techniques it was to be ascertained which items are used for assessment of abilities and job demands and how detailed the various sections of abilities and job demands are recorded. For reasons of perspicuity the items used in the various techniques were grouped in 10 different sections. It turned out that the sections "work environment" and "movements of parts of the body" were in general emphasized most. Finally, the different sections are emphasized and subdivided differently in the various techniques, according to their scope (such as employment agencies, personnel planning, job design) and their range of applicability (to one company/different companies, to different branches of industry, etc.). The criteria of universality, completeness and acceptance are discussed in terms of devising an assessment technique.

Disability Evaluation↗
PubMed1985

Work with video display terminals among office employees. IV. Refraction, accommodation, convergence and binocular vision.

The present study is the fourth of a major epidemiologic health investigation on work with a video display terminal (VDT). The other studies showed that VDT operators replying to questionnaires have more eye discomfort than a reference group of office employees not employed in VDT work and that women have more eye discomfort, musculoskeletal complaints, headache, and skin disorders than men. Routine ophthalmologic examinations failed to establish any appreciable differences between the groups; for example, the prevalence of myopia was the same. In the present study, the VDT operators and referents were examined before and at the end of work sessions for changes in refraction, accommodation, convergence capacity, and binocular vision such as heterophoria and fusion range. No differences could be established between the VDT operators and the referents.

Accommodation, Ocular↗
PubMed1985

Work with video display terminals among office employees. I. Subjective symptoms and discomfort.

Subjective symptoms and discomfort were evaluated by means of a questionnaire and compared between approximately 400 video display terminal (VDT) operators and 150 selected referents. Previous and current illnesses, educational status, and smoking and drinking habits were also studied. The results showed the VDT operators to have more eye discomfort and possibly also more musculoskeletal discomfort in the shoulders, neck, and back than the referents. The VDT group also reported more skin disorders. In addition, women reported consistently more disorders than men, regardless of whether or not they were employed in VDT work. Women in general displayed greater morbidity than men. Eye discomfort, musculoskeletal discomfort, headache, and skin disorders were found to be significantly correlated in the material. The results also indicated that total daily workhours and time spent looking at the VDT screen were related to the degree of discomfort. Even when the subjects were divided into subgroups with reference to the various enterprises, the types of work and the makes of VDT, the differences obtained in the degree of discomfort appeared to be due to variations in the length of workhours.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Work with video display terminals among office employees. III. Ophthalmologic factors.

The present ophthalmologic study is the third part of a major epidemiologic health investigation on work with a video display terminal (VDT). An initial study showed that VDT operators replying to a questionnaire reported more eye discomfort than a reference group not employed in VDT work and that women reported more eye discomfort, musculoskeletal discomfort, headache, and skin disorders than men, irrespective of whether or not they were employed in VDT work. In the present study the ophthalmologic history of eye diseases and eye discomfort yielded a much lower percentage response for symptoms and discomfort than the questionnaire, and, just as with visual acuity and refraction, there was no difference between the exposed and reference groups or between the men and women. The exposed subjects were found to be overcorrected in terms of presbyopia addition in relation to work distance. As regards ocular examination findings, low frequency rates were noted for pathological lens opacities. Opacities of this kind were slightly more frequent among the VDT operators than among the referents, but the difference was not statistically significant. There were no other differences in the ocular findings of the exposed and reference groups.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

[Epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica Bart (Bart syndrome)].

This is a report on a child with epidermolysis bullosa dystrophica Bart (Bart's syndrome), which is characterized by the following symptoms: congenital, localized absence of skin; blistering of skin and mucous membranes only in the first years of life; absence and deformity of nails. The favorable prognosis of this disease, with spontaneous improvement of the blistering, emphasizes the importance of knowledge of this rare syndrome.

Epidermolysis Bullosa↗
PubMed1984

Intraoperative and external beam irradiation with or without resection: Mayo pilot experience.

At our institution, intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) with an electron beam has been administered as a single boost dose of 1,000 to 2,000 cGy (rad) in combination with 4,500 to 5,000 cGy (rad) of fractionated external beam irradiation. From April 1981 to July 1983, 50 patients received such treatment, and results are analyzed in detail in this article. All patients had locally advanced disease (initially unresectable for cure, residual after resection, or recurrent), and the main disease sites were gastrointestinal (pancreatic, colorectal, and biliary tumors) and soft tissue (sarcomas). Disease-free survival to date has been excellent in our colorectal and biliary subsets of patients. Although local progression has not been a major problem in patients with unresectable pancreatic lesions, failures in the liver and peritoneal cavity have been excessive, and treatment strategies have been altered in an attempt to decrease the frequency of such failures. Although both short-term and long-term morbidity are acceptable, pilot trials with use of radiation-dose modifiers are planned to determine whether the therapeutic ratio of local control to associated complications can be improved even further.

Combined Modality Therapy↗
PubMed1984

Age and sex distribution of some retinal macular diseases: senile and presenile macular degeneration and central serous retinitis.

The age and sex distribution of senile macular degeneration (SMD) was investigated at the Low Vision Clinic in Stockholm. SMD increased with age and was found to be more common among women than men. This difference was not due to the fact that women live longer than men or related to women consulting ophthalmologists more often than men because of visual handicap. The age and sex distribution of presenile macular degeneration ( PSMD ) and central serous retinitis (CSR) was investigated at the Department of Ophthalmology of Falun Hospital. Also PSMD increased with age and was found to be more common among women than men, even if the sex difference was not as clear as for SMD. CSR was found to be more frequent at younger ages and, contrary to SMD and PSMD , more common among men. The reasons for these sex differences in frequencies of SMD, PSMD and CSR are not known.

Adult↗