Biomedical subjects

M Yamashina

Publications and source records attributed to M Yamashina.

38 records · Page 3Linked to original sources

PubMedDate not supplied

Improvement of patient attitude toward treatment among inpatients with schizophrenia and its related factors: controlled study of a psychological approach.

A randomized controlled trial was conducted in an acute inpatient setting to test the effects of an intervention based on individual interviews, with the goal to improve patients' attitudes towards their psychiatric situation and understanding of illness and its treatment. In addition, the factors related to the improvement were explored. Fifty eligible male patients with DSM-IV schizophrenia recruited from consecutive admissions were allocated to two groups: weekly sessions plus routine inpatient treatment or routine inpatient treatment only. Assessment was conducted twice, before and after the maximum 8-week intervention period. The assessment included a self-report scale for measuring patients' psychological attitudes toward their treatment situation, scales of therapist perception and self-perception applying a semantic differential technique, and the Maudsley Personality Inventory (MPI), in addition to assessment of psychotic symptomatology. We found a modest but significant effect of the intervention on one domain of patient attitude: recognition of need for treatment. Trust of patients in their psychiatrist was a factor for improvement of the recognition domain. Neuroticism had some influence on the formation of personal relations in a psychiatric situation. This study lends support to the effectiveness of psychological treatment on patient attitude, and indicates some factors related to its development.

Adaptation, Psychological↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Effect of prostacyclin analog on pulmonary edema in isolated heart-lung autoperfusion model.

Pulmonary edema and impaired gas exchange function are worrisome early complications of heart-lung transplantation. The present study was designed to determine the effect of a new prostacyclin analog, OP-41483, on these complications with the use of a heart-lung autoperfusion model. Twenty-four mongrel puppies (4 to 6 kg) were evenly divided into four groups according to the oxygen content of inspired air (group 1, 95%; group 2, 60%) and the use of an intravenous drip of OP-41483 (0.1 microgram/kg/min) (group 3, 95% + OP; group 4, 60% + OP). During the course of these experiments, systolic pressure and cardiac output were maintained constant at 100 mm Hg and 40 ml/kg/min, respectively. Pulmonary arterial pressure was almost constant in each group throughout the experiment. Arterial oxygen tension (Pao2) was significantly decreased in groups 1 (410 +/- 49 to 237 +/- 38 mm Hg, p less than 0.01) and 2 (368 +/- 44 to 243 +/- 26 mm Hg, p less than 0.01) over the 5-hour autoperfusion period but was maintained at a high level in groups 3 (488 +/- 70 to 447 +/- 39 mm Hg) and 4 (431 +/- 33 to 430 +/- 35 mm Hg). Pathologic findings (perivascular edema and capillary dilatation) were significant in group 1 but less marked in group 2. However, no abnormal pathologic changes were observed in groups 3 or 4. These data demonstrated that OP-41483 was effective in preventing functional and pathologic pulmonary disturbances at a dosage (0.1 microgram/kg/min) that is reported to induce no undesirable hemodynamic effect.

Animals↗