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Biomedical subjects

M Yano

Publications and source records attributed to M Yano.

At least 613 records · Page 34Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Effect of diltiazem on aortic pressure-diameter relationship in dogs.

To study the effects of diltiazem (Dz) on aortic (Ao) pressure-diameter (P-D) relationships, the external diameter (D) of the thoracic Ao (sonomicrometry) and Ao pressure (AoP, micromanometer) were simultaneously measured in 10 anesthetized dogs. The P-D relationship from 80 ms after the dicrotic notch of AoP (t80) to 20 ms after the peak of the next R wave on the electrocardiogram (ECG) (t20) was plotted at 30-ms intervals. To depict the P-D relationship in a wide range of AoP, Ao occlusion immediately after the release of inferior vena caval (IVC) occlusion was performed both before and after a Dz (0.03 mg.kg-1.min-1, over 10 min) infusion. The P-D relationship so obtained was a sigmoid curve under both conditions and was reasonably described by a cubic curve (P = aD3 + bD2 + cD + d, where a, b, c, and d are constants and r greater than 0.99). The first derivative of cubic regression equation (dP/dD) value of the cubic curve was used as an index of Ao stiffness. In all dogs, the dP/dD-D relationship, which was parabolic, was similar to the delta P/delta D-D relationship measured from the actual P-D relationship (delta P/delta D is the ratio of the change in AoP to that in AoD), suggesting that it corresponded to a cubic curve.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Alterations in fructosamine and glycated albumin levels during childhood.

Age-related changes in the blood concentrations of glycated proteins during childhood and adolescence were examined by measuring the blood fructosamine (FA), glycated albumin (GA), glucose levels and total serum protein levels in 611 healthy children (325 boys and 286 girls) aged 0-18 years old. These levels were compared with those of 130 healthy adults. GA was measured by a newly developed, highly precise method of high-performance liquid chromatography (inter-assay coefficient of variation, 4.9%). The FA values of all groups of up to 15 years old (grouped in two year age brackets) were significantly lower than those of adults. The mean serum concentrations of GA in infants up to four years old were also significantly lower than in adults. A slight but statistically significant positive correlation was found between age and values of FA (r = 0.36, P less than 0.001), but not of GA (r = 0.04). Levels of total serum proteins showed a positive correlation with those of FA (r = 0.47, P less than 0.001) but a weak correlation with those of GA (r = 0.29). These results suggest that age should be taken into account when the FA levels of children and the GA values of infants are evaluated.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Pharmacological study on citrus fruits. I. Anti-allergic effect of fruit of Citrus unshiu Markovich (1)].

A study was carried out to examine the effect of 50% ethanolic extract from green fruit of Citrus unshiu Markovich on type I, II and IV allergic reactions. Forty eight-hour homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) in rats as a typical model of the type I reaction was significantly inhibited by the oral administration of the extract. Complement-dependent cytolysis of sheep red blood cell as a typical model of the type II reaction was significantly inhibited by incubation with it. Contact dermatitis in mice as a model of the type IV reaction caused by picryl chloride or sheep red blood cell was significantly inhibited by the oral application of it. The anti-allergic actions decreased with the growth of fruit of Citrus unshiu. These results suggested that the 50% ethanolic extract from green fruit of Citrus unshiu have anti-allergic actions against the type I, II and IV reactions.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

The effect of left ventricular wall motion during isovolumetric relaxation period in coronary artery disease.

The effect of the left ventricular (LV) regional wall motion during isovolumetric relaxation period (IRP) were studied in 9 patients with old anteroseptal myocardial infarction (OMI) and 8 normal subjects (NOR). There were no significant differences in heart rate, peak LV systolic pressure and peak (+) dP/dt between the groups. LV cavity was divided into the anterior and inferior sides by a long axis, which was equally divided with 3 perpendicular lines, creating 4 areas in each side. The sums of the 2 middle areas in each side were defined as Aa and Ab, respectively. During IRP the pattern of (-) dP/dt at the upstroke phase was convex-downward in OMI, but convex-upward in NOR. Time constant (T) was significantly prolonged in OMI compared with NOR (50 +/- 9 vs 37 +/- 6 msec; p less than 0.01). On NOR, Aa increased significantly after 33.4 msec from peak (-) dP/dt, while Ab remained unchanged. In OMI, Ab increased after 50.1 msec from peak (-) dP/dt, associated with decrease in Aa, suggesting the passive shortening of the anterior wall by the active expansion of the inferior. Such asynchronous LV wall motions during IRP might impair LV relaxation and influence the upstroke pattern of (-) dP/dt.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Preventive effect of KZ-1026 on acute liver injury induced by CCl4 in rats: histochemical, enzyme-histochemical and ultrastructural studies].

The preventive effect of KZ-1026 on acute liver injury induced by CCl4 in rats was evaluated histochemically, enzyme-histochemically and ultrastructurally. Rats that received 50% CCl4 (2 ml/kg) intraperitoneally were sacrificed at 3, 7 and 24 hr. Remarkable reductions in hepatic glycogen, RNA and G-6-Pase activity were observed in the centrilobular area at 3 hr, and ballooned cells appeared in the mid-zone at 7 hr. At 24 hr, the above histochemical parameters in the hepatocytes of the centrilobular area and mid-zone were extensively reduced, while the number of ballooned cells in the mid-zone was increased. KZ-1026 (200 mg/kg) was given orally at 24 and 4 hr before, simultaneously with or 3 hr after CCl4 treatment, and each rat was sacrificed at 24 hr after CCl4 administration. Pretreatment with KZ-1026 24 hr before CCl4 administration prevented reduction of RNA, glycogen and G-6-Phase activity, as well as disruption of rER and proliferation of sER due to CCL4 toxicity. This preventive effect of KZ-1026 was reduced by posttreatment; however, only the decrease in cytoplasmic RNA was well prevented. These results suggested that KZ-1026 is protective against CCl4-induced acute liver injury.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1989

Stimulation of rat liver growth by a 1,3-dithiole derivative, KZ-1026.

The oral administration of 2-(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)-1-phenyl-1,3-butanedione (KZ-1026) to normal rats at doses of 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day for 3 days accelerated liver enlargement in association with a dose-dependent increase in the total amounts of protein, RNA and DNA in the liver. The liver weight at 24 hr after the third dose of 200 mg/kg reached 174% of the control. With respect to the effect on liver enlargement, KZ-1026 differed from phenobarbital, since KZ-1026, unlike phenobarbital, increased hepatic DNA content without significant effects on P-450 and aminopyrine-N-demethylase. Incorporation of [3H]thymidine into liver DNA was stimulated by a single dose of KZ-1026 (200 mg/kg), and it peaked at 24 hr post dose (18 times the control), followed by an increase in the number of liver nuclei. Liver growth was also accompanied by an increasing hepatic reserve cell mass, expressed by the capacity of eliminating exogenous galactose from the blood stream. Pretreatment with KZ-1026 (200 mg/kg/day) for 3 days significantly improved the survival rate of subtotally hepatectomized rats from 39% to 78%. These findings indicate that KZ-1026 accelerates hepatocyte proliferation, resulting in an enhancement of liver functional mass in normal rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Fluid and nutritional management in severe head injuries].

Fluid management, electrolyte balance and nutritional support had been examined for 14 days in 39 patients of severe head injury under intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring. When ICP value exceeded 25 mmHg, barbiturate was administered in addition to the conventional therapy. Restriction of fluid administration should depend upon ICP values. When the ICP value was 20 mmHg or less and basal cisterns or ventricular systems were not obliterated in serial CT scan, fluid administration was not restricted in most patients. Mean urine volume was measured 2500 ml/day and mean water balance was measured about 0 to 700 ml/day with large deviation. Urine output and specific gravity was checked every hour and water balance was evaluated every day. When excess urine output or dehydration was recognized, additional fluid was given to keep within 500 ml/day in water balance. Through the examination, no patients of dehydration nor azotemia were experienced. Out of 39, 22 were survived and 17 were expired. In expired patients, 13 patients was recognized dead or brain death within 72 hours of injury. In two patients (one is suffered from severe brainstem injured patient with corpus callosal hemorrhage and another patient with post operative cerebral swelling) cerebral herniation was recognized about 72 hour after injury. Remaining 2 patients died after 7 days. Patients with hypernatremia were recognized 3 (13.7%) out of 22 survivals, and 14 (82.4%) out of 17 expired patients. It was recognized more common within 3 days of injury. Hypernatremia more than 160 mEq/l was accounted 5 (29.4%) in expired patients, but non in survivals.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Adolescent↗
PubMed1989

[Closure method of bronchopleural fistula with omental pedicle flap in three cases following pneumonectomy].

This report presents that successful closure of bronchopleural fistula was performed by using omental pedicle flap for three postpneumonectomy patients. In our department, these cases were experienced among 142 pneumonectomies from January 1984 to July 1989. The initial operations were a pleuropneumonectomy for empyema, a pneumonectomy and a sleeve pneumonectomy for lung cancer. Our technique was direct closure of bronchopleural fistula with omental pedicle flap without thoracoplasty. Although none of them had recurrence of bronchopleural fistula nor other complications in postoperative course, two patients died of cancer.

Bronchial Fistula↗
PubMed1989

[Two resected cases of human pulmonary dirofilariasis].

Two patients with human pulmonary dirofilariasis are presented. A 58-year-old woman in Tokyo (Case 1) was pointed out to have a nodular shadow in the right lower field on a routine chest X-ray in 1983. At thoracotomy a 2 cm nodule in the right lower lobe was removed by wedge resection. The nodule was a granuloma containing an immature Dirofilaria species. A 49-year-old man living in Chiba Prefecture (Case 2) was found to have a nodular shadow in the right lower lobe on a chest X-ray in 1987. He was asymptomatic, but laboratory values showed a WBC count of 5,800 with 17% eosinophils. Wedge resection of the lesion was carried out and it was found to be a 2 cm granuloma containing an immature Dirofilaria immitis. The dog heartworm, D. immitis, can occasionally cause pulmonary granulomas in man. More than 50 cases have been reported in Japan, but most of them were diagnosed by postoperative histopathologic examination. Although immunoserological examination or medical treatment were attempted in some cases, they are not established at present. The important thing is that pulmonary dirofilariasis should be included in the differential diagnoses of nodular lesion of the lung.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMed1988

Bovine endothelial cell plasminogen activator inhibitor. Purification and heat activation.

A plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI) was purified from bovine endothelial cell conditioned medium by a simple procedure in the absence of protein denaturant. The yield was 2.2 mg from 1.61 conditioned medium in a typical experiment. The purified inhibitor showed a single band on sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and reverse fibrin autography with an apparent molecular mass of 45 kDa. The amino-terminal 40-amino-acid sequence was determined and found to be 70% similar to the reported corresponding sequence of human PAI-1. The amino acid composition also revealed a close relationship between bovine PAI and human PAI-1. The purified PAI was substantially inactive (570 U/mg) but it could be activated by treatment with protein denaturants such as 1% SDS (1.8 X 10(5) U/mg) and 4 M guanidine-HCl (1.5 X 10(5) U/mg). A more effective activation of this latent PAI was achieved by heat treatment at 100 degrees C for 2.5 min, generating the specific activity of 1.0 X 10(6) U/mg. The heat-activated PAI lost its activity during incubation at 56 degrees C for 30 min, but repeated heat at 100 degrees C for 2.5 min could regenerate about 70% of the initial activity. Treatment at 37 degrees C, 56 degrees C and 80 degrees C, however, failed to activate the latent PAI at all. These findings suggest that the buried reactive site of the latent PAI is exposed as a result of a heat-induced, specific conformational change, but tends to be masked again during renaturation under mild conditions, i.e. the PAI protein takes on preferentially a latent form.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1988

High-performance liquid chromatographic assay of serum glycated albumin.

A method for determination of serum glycated albumin by high-performance liquid chromatography is presented. The system involves anion exchange chromatography to separate albumin and consecutive boronate affinity chromatography to separate glycated and nonglycated albumin. The method is rapid (20 min), precise (coefficient of variation, 0.7-4.9%), requires only a small sample (5 microliters), and can be automated. Assay of glycated albumin by this method is not influenced by the protein concentration of the sample or the presence of glucose. The variation in glycated albumin values in consecutive samples obtained within a day from diabetic patients (coefficient of variation, 2.02 +/- 0.65%) was significantly smaller (p less than 0.001) than that of values for fructosamine (coefficient of variation, 4.33 +/- 2.0%). The values of glycated albumin in normal subjects (20.2 +/- 1.6%) were clearly less than those in diabetic patients [39.6 +/- 5.4% in 40 Type 1 (insulin-dependent) and 39.4 +/- 5.9% in 25 Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) patients]. The serum glycated albumin level was well correlated with HbA1c in 65 diabetic patients (r = 0.60). Because the life span of albumin in the circulation is short, measurement of glycated albumin should be useful as a short-term index of glycaemic control.

Biomarkers↗
PubMed1988

Specific radioimmunoassay of glucitol-lysine--application to lens proteins in streptozotocin-diabetic rats.

A radioimmunoassay using antibody against glucitol-lysine was developed to quantitate glycated proteins in the lens of diabetic rats. The amount of glycated protein was expressed as molar equivalents of reduced glycated hippuryl lysine (GlcRED-Hip-Lysine). Significant differences (p less than 0.01) were found in the amounts of glycated protein in the lenses of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes (3.92 +/- 0.59 nmol/mg protein, n = 5), those with streptozotocin-induced diabetes treated with insulin (2.94 +/- 0.36 nmol/mg protein, n = 4) and normal rats (1.23 +/- 0.22 nmol/mg protein, n = 5). There was a significant correlation between the concentration of glycated protein in the lens and the HbA1c level at the end of the 12 week experiment (r = 0.957, p less than 0.001). These results indicate that glycation of lens protein is parallel with the severity of diabetes in rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Presence of nitrosable mutagen precursors in cooked meat and fish.

Broiled chicken, pork, mutton, beef and sun-dried sardine were found to yield direct-acting mutagenicity after nitrite treatment. When 50% methanol extracts of cooked foods were treated with 50 mM nitrite at pH 3 for 1 h at 37 degrees C, they induced 3800-17,900 revertants of Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and 15,000-43,600 revertants of TA98 per g. In contrast, raw meat and uncooked sun-dried sardine showed little or no mutagenicity after nitrite treatment. Treatment of broiled chicken with 0.5-3 mM nitrite, which is a physiologically feasible concentration in the human stomach under some conditions, induced direct-acting mutagenicity. When broiled chicken was treated with 1 mM nitrite at pH 3 for 1 h at 37 degrees C, its mutagenicities on TA100 and TA98 without S9 mix were 7100 and 5400 revertants/g, respectively.

Animals↗