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Biomedical subjects

Mustafa Cihat Avunduk

Publications and source records attributed to Mustafa Cihat Avunduk.

22 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed2002

Characterization of T lymphocyte subtypes in endotoxin-induced uveitis and effect of pentoxifylline treatment.

PURPOSE: The aims of the study were twofold: 1) to investigate the role of T lymphocyte subtypes in the pathogenesis of endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU) and 2) to study the possible beneficial effect of pentoxifylline, an inhibitor of neutrophil motility, and Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha on this disease. METHODS: Forty-two inbred male Lewis rats were divided into seven equal groups. 200 microg of Escherichia coli 055: B55 lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was injected in one hind footpad of the Group 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 rats. Group 5, 6, and 7 rats also received concomitant intraperitoneal pentoxifylline (PTX) during food pad injection of LPS. Group 1 rats were used as controls with intra-peritoneal normal saline injection. Eight, 24, and 48 hours after treatment, the rats were euthanized. Neutrophil leukocyte, mononuclear cells, and CD4+, CD8+, and CD45RA+ cell infiltration in the anterior uveal tissue were determined either by hematoxylin-eosin or monoclonal antibody staining. Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels were also measured in the aqueous and blood samples. We compared the numbers of infiltrating cells in the different groups. RESULTS: We found that peak infiltration of lymphocyte, neutrophils, and CD4+ cells occurred at 24 hours. However, CD8+ and CD45RA+ cell number reached their highest levels at 48 hours. There was no inflammatory cell infiltration in the control rats. Concomitant pentoxifylline treatment did not affect any of these parameters, although it effectively reduced TNF-alpha concentrations in the anterior chamber and the serum. CONCLUSION: We conclude that, 1) T lymphocytes might be involved in the pathogenesis of endotoxin-induced uveitis. 2) The potential role of pentoxifylline in the treatment of human uveitis is questionable. However, these are initial findings and need confirmation by additional studies.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Facial nerve schwannomas: a report of four cases and a review of the literature.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate both the surgical approaches and results of the facial nerve schwannoma cases as diagnosed in our clinic in line with the literature. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The files of 4 cases diagnosed in our clinic as facial nerve schwannoma between 1996 to 2002 were reviewed retrospectively. All the cases were evaluated with detailed history; ear, nose, and throat examination; computed tomography; and/or magnetic resonance imaging. If required, electromyography and audiometric evaluations were made. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was also performed in appropriate cases. The surgical approach used was determined depending on the tumor location and its extent. Facial nerve reconstruction was accomplished if the integrity of the nerve could not be protected. Cases were followed up for facial nerve function, complications, and recurrence. RESULTS: The tumors occurred in the vertical (n = 2), internal auditory canal (n = 1), and the peripheric segment (n = 1) of the nerve. As symptoms, facial paralysis (n = 2), hearing loss (n = 3), tinnitus (n = 1), otorrhea (n = 2), parotid mass (n = 2), and external auditory canal mass (n = 1) were observed. Radiologic investigations provided important informations. However, fine-needle aspiration cytology did not contribute to a correct preoperative diagnosis. The superficial parotidectomy approach (n = 1), retrosigmoid approach (n = 1), and transmastoid-superficial parotidectomy combined approach (n = 2) were used. The integrity of the nerve could not be protected in 3 of the cases. After the reconstruction surgery, the facial nerve function was evaluated as House-Brackmann grade 3 for all 3 cases at the mean 38.6 months follow-up time. No tumors have recurred during follow-up. CONCLUSION: Facial nerve schwannoma is a rare tumor. Through improved surgical and reconstruction techniques, postoperative morbidity is at acceptable levels. The rate of recurrence is low. It should be kept in mind for differential diagnosis of facial nerve paralysis.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

A case with ICF syndrome lost to rubella pneumonitis.

The immunodeficiency, centromeric instability, and facial anomalies (ICF) syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by variable immunodeficiency, instability of the pericentromeric heterochromatin, and facial dysmorphism. Here we report a new case of ICF syndrome who died of rubella pneumonitis. A six year-old-girl who was the first child of consanguineous parents was admitted to the hospital because of bronchopneumonia. Laboratory investigations revealed pan-hypogammaglobulinemia, lymphoperria, normal proportions of peripheral blood lymphocytes with an inverted CD4/CD8 ratio, and interstitial pneumonia with a positive serology of acute rubella infection. The ICF syndrome was diagnosed by centromeric instability in the standard cytogenetic analysis. An inclusion body was demonstrated in the lung biopsy after the death of the patient. Chromosomal investigation could be helpful along with other tests for diagnosis of variable immunodeficiency accompanied by facial dysmorphism.

Abnormalities, Multiple↗