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Biomedical subjects

N B Hornback

Publications and source records attributed to N B Hornback.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The role of chest irradiation in limited small cell carcinoma of the lung treated with combination chemotherapy.

Between October 1974 and December 1980, 123 patients with limited small cell carcinoma were treated in the Indiana University Medical Center Department of Radiation Oncology. Of these, 115 were treated with preplanned combined modality therapy using irradiation and polychemotherapy (Adriamycin, Cytoxan and Oncovin). All patients received whole brain prophylactic irradiation and were followed a minimum of 2 years. Sixty-six patients were given chest irradiation with all but two receiving 3500-4000 rad while 49 did not receive this treatment. Sixty-five percent of those patients receiving chest irradiation had a complete response to therapy, as opposed to 33% who did not (p less than 0.02). The median and overall survivals were significantly different between the 2 groups (423 days vs. 307 days). The overall and long-term survivals were higher in those receiving chest irradiation or resective surgery. Serial chest X rays (and port films, where applicable) were reviewed on all patients to determine sites of failure. Of relapsing patients who did not receive chest irradiation, failure always included the primary site. Of those who had chest irradiation, only 15% of evaluable patients did not relapse in the chest prior to death. This study demonstrates an increased response rate, median survival, and overall survival in patients receiving chest irradiation. The high rate of relapse in the chest suggests the need for more effective control of the primary. This may be accomplished by increasing the dose of chest irradiation or surgical removal when feasible.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Brain metastases and testicular tumors: need for aggressive therapy.

In late 1974, the combination of cisplatin, vinblastine, and bleomycin (PVB) became the standard chemotherapeutic regimen for treatment of disseminated nonseminomatous germ cell testicular tumors (NSGCT) at Indiana University Hospital. A retrospective analysis of the treatment records of all patients with brain metastases from NSGCTs treated at the Indiana University Radiation Oncology Department from 1975 through 1982 was undertaken. These 22 patients were divided into four groups. Group 1 (n = 5) consisted of those patients who presented initially with brain metastases and had no prior systemic treatment. Group 2 (n = 4) were referred to Indiana University after failing systemic therapy other than PVB chemotherapy. Group 3 (n = 5) consisted of those patients who after achieving a complete response with PVB developed a relapse confined to the brain. Group 4 (n = 8) consisted of those patients who were initially treated with PVB and eventually developed progressive disease and brain metastases. The survival by group is 80%, 0%, 60%, and 0%, respectively, with the overall survival for the entire group being 31.8%. All patients currently alive have a range of follow-up of 22 to 96 months from diagnosis and 12 to 83 months from whole brain irradiation (WBRT). Group 1 was treated with PVB +/- doxorubicin plus WBRT. Group 3 was treated with surgical excision, when feasible, followed by WBRT and platinum-containing chemotherapy. Group 2 and 4 were usually treated with palliative intent WBRT. The CNS is a site of sanctuary from PVB. Patients with brain metastases who may achieve a complete response should be treated with curative intent and receive aggressive WBRT (5,000 rad/25 fractions) with concomitant chemotherapy.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

Lung nodules after whole lung radiation.

It is essential to recognize radiation pneumonitis after whole lung irradiation, or nodular changes in response to chemotherapy, so that such conditions are not mistaken for tumor metastases, causing grave error in patient management and the possibility of further lung damage.

Child↗
PubMed1980

Carcinoma of major salivary glands.

Ninety-four patients with carcinoma of the major salivary glands seen at Indiana University Hospitals from 1960-1977 were studied. Eighty-four patients completed their planned course of therapy, and 49 of 84 patients remain alive with no evidence of disease 2-17 years following treatment. Comparison has been made for three modalities: surgery alone, radiation therapy alone, and a combined approach. Surgery alone was used for treatment of early lesions, and 22 of 38 patients (58%) remain free of disease. Radiation therapy alone was used for advanced cases and palliation, and 6 of 16 patients (37.5%) remain free of disease. In the combination treatment, 21 of 30 patients (70%) are alive and free of disease. In the combination treatment, 21 of 30 patients (70%) are alive and free of disease from 2-17 years after treatment. Ten patients did not complete treatment and all of these patients died of disease.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1979

Radiation and microwave therapy in the treatment of advanced cancer.

Seventy-two patients with advanced cancer were treated with combinations of heat and radiation in two groups: (a) heat + radiation, and (b) radiation + heat. Of those treated with heat prior to radiation therapy, 32/60 (53%) experienced complete remission of symptoms. In the group exposed to heat after radiotherapy, 11/12 patients (92%) achieved complete remission. The authors present two cases and a review of the literature.

Aged↗
PubMed1978

Carcinoma of the lower lip: treatment results at Indiana University Hospitals.

Sixty-six consecutive cases of carcinoma of the lower lip were seen at the Indiana University Hospitals from 1960 to 1972. Each patient's records were reviewed as to age, sex, race, stage, stage by treatment modality, pathology, treatment methods used and cause of failure. Early lip cancer represents a highly curative lesion whether treated by surgery or radiation therapy. Close followup is mandatory on all patients as the development of neck nodes, if discovered late, carries a grave prognosis. Advanced carcinoma of the lip can be successfully treated with current radiation therapy techniques using fractionated doses providing excellent cosmetic results.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Carcinoma of the floor of the mouth.

Records of all patients with carcinoma of the floor of mouth seen at the Indiana School of Medicine University Hospital between March 1965 and March 1975 were reviewed. 126 patients with these tumors were seen during this ten-year period. This study included patient's age, sex, race, family history for cancer, type of treatment received, treatment results and complications. The complications and duration of hospital stay were also studied. 18 of the 126 patients received surgery alone and 108 patients received either preoperative, postoperative or curative radiation therapy. Long-term disease control rates in the early stages of carcinoma of the floor of mouth treated by radiation therapy alone were equivalent or superior to results obtained by surgery alone and patients experienced considerably less complications. In more advanced cases, radiation therapy played an important adjunctive and palliative role.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Total-body irradiation with 25-MV photons in advanced non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Preliminary results and complications.

Patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma were treated with total-body irradiation (TBI). One group was treated after chemotherapy failed, while the other group received TBI initially. TBI was ineffective against CLL after chemotherapy failed. All patients with lymphocytic lymphoma who initially responded to chemotherapy but later relapsed were helped by TBI, as were 88% of patients with previously untreated lymphocytic lymphomas.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Combined therapy for small cell undifferentiated carcinoma of the lung.

Fifty-eight patients with small cell lung cancer were treated from September, 1974, to March, 1976, with combined chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Surgical resection of the lung lesion was performed in three patients, and a number of surgical diagnostic methods were carried out in the remaining patients with unresectable of disseminated lesions. Nineteen patients were from the Veterans Administration Hospital and 39 from Indiana University Medical Center. The median Karnofsky performance status was 60. Thirty-nine patients had extensive disease, and 19 had disease limited to the chest and supraclavicular area. All patients received chest radiotherapy and prophylactic whole brain radiation. Adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, and vincristine were given on day 1 and continued every 3 weeks. There were 27 (48 percent) partial remissions of a median duration of 26 weeks. There were 25 patients (43 percent) with complete remission. The median survival for the entire group was 51 weeks. Six of 58 patients (10 percent) are alive and disease free from 24 to 38 months after treatment. Six of 19 patients with limited disease (32 percent) are presently alive and disease free. This includes one patient in whom surgical resection was performed. Combined therapy influences favorably the prognosis of small cell cancer of the ling, expecially in those patients with limited disease and favorable performance status.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Preliminary clinical results of combined 433 Megahertz microwave therapy and radiation therapy on patients with advanced cancer.

Seventy patients with far-advanced histologically proven malignancies were treated with a combination of microwave irradiation (433.92 MHz) and ionizing radiation. Of the twenty-one patients who completed the planned course of treatments and are eligible for a minimum of nine-month follow-up, 90% experienced complete relief of symptoms and 10% received partial relief of symptoms. Complete regression of all localized tumor occurred in sixteen of the twenty patients (80%), and nine of the complete responders remain free of disease from nine to fourteen months. It was the opinion of the clinicians involved in this study that the heat administered by the microwave unit potentiated the effects of ionizing radiation over those which would have been seen if radiation were used alone. In view of the fact that all patients in this study had cancers which were previously considered to be refractory to further medical treatment, the marked relief of symptoms and tumor response to combined therapy were encouraging. This preliminary study confirms the impression that the effects of radiation are enhanced by heat and forms the basis for a randomized series involving far-advanced but previously untreated head and neck and gynecological malignancies.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Treatment results of retinoblastoma at Indiana University Hospitals.

This paper summarizes a review of all cases (70) of retinoblastoma seen at Indiana University Hospitals over the past 25 years (from 1952 to 1977) to determine the results of treatment and causes of failure. All cases from July, 1967, to the present were managed by the same group of physicians, thus following a consistent philosophy of treatment for those patients. Thirty-two patients treated during this latter period have survived a minimun of two years and are alive. Visual acuity of 20/20 has been preserved in all 16 patients with unilateral disease and a range of 20/50 to 20/20 in 12 of the 16 patients with bilateral disease. Because of the highly specialized diagnostic and therapeutic techniques and equipment required for optimal treatment results, it is recommended that patients with retinoblastomas be referred to treatment centers specializing in the management of this disease.

Child↗
PubMed1977

Effect of cobalt-60 radiation on the pulp of restored teeth.

The effect of cobalt-60 teletherapy on the pulps of restored teeth of monkeys was studied. Gold crowns and amalgam and composite resin restorations were placed in 28 teeth of two Macaca speciosa monkeys. One monkey then received cobalt-60 radiation to both maxillary and mandibular teeth and bones, with a total dose of 7,600 rads. Decalcified semiserial paraffin sections, 7 mum thick, of the teeth and supporting tissues were prepared and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Microscopically, there was no discernible difference between the irradiated and the non-irradiated pulps.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Oat cell carcinoma of the lung. Early treatment results of combination radiation therapy and chemotherapy.

Since August 1974, 50 patients with histologically proven oat cell carcinoma of the lung were treated at Indiana University Hospitals with a combination of adriamycin, cyclophosphamide, Oncovin, BCG immunotherapy, and radiation therapy to the primary lung tumor and whole brain. Twenty-nine patients are eligible for a 6-month follow-up and are included in this report. All 29 patients responded to therapy; 12 patients (41%) had a minimum of 50% reduction in tumor mass and 17 patients (59%) had complete clinical remission of disease. Eight (38%) of the 29 patients have remained in complete remission from 6 to 14 months, and 90% of the patients survived a minimum of 6 months. This represents a considerable improvement in survival rates over what had been obtained at Indiana University Hospitals previously.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Rhabdomyosarcoma in the pediatric age group.

Forty-five consecutive cases of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma were studied as to age at onset, histological type, primary site, stage of disease when first seen, method of treatment, and survival. It appears that rhabdomyosarcoma is a relatively radiosensitive tumor which can be controlled locally with radiation alone or in combination with surgery to excise the bulk of the tumor mass. On the other hand, chemotherapy must necessarily play a major role in treatment since most cases are first seen in the late stages of the disease. Close cooperation among a wide range of specialists, such as the pediatrician, radiation therapist, pediatric oncologist, pathologist, and surgeon is essential to accomplish a maximum therapeutic effect in the unfortunate children who develop this relatively rare but aggressive tumor.

Adolescent↗