PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N Baba

Publications and source records attributed to N Baba.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1993

Effects of an angiotensin II receptor antagonist on the progression of renal failure in hyperlipidemic Imai rats.

This study was undertaken to determine the role of angiotensin II (AII) in the development of glomerulosclerosis, using an AII receptor antagonist in an animal model of hyperlipidemia. Hyperlipidemic Imai rats were employed because they spontaneously develop glomerulosclerosis; this is especially true in males. Group 1 (n = 5) received no specific therapy. Group 2 (n = 5) was treated with enalapril at a dosage of 50 mg/l in drinking water starting at 6 weeks of age. Group 3 (n = 5) and group 4 (n = 6) were treated with the AII receptor antagonist DuP 753 at a respective dosage of 15 mg/l (low-dose DuP) and 150 mg/l (high-dose DuP) in drinking water. Body weight, blood pressure, urinary protein, serum albumin, cholesterol, BUN and serum creatinine were measured and compared among the groups from 12 to 24 weeks of age. Enalapril and high-dose DuP were almost equally effective in controlling systemic hypertension. Each treatment significantly reduced proteinuria (172 +/- 112 and 152 +/- 72 mg/kg/day at 24 weeks) as compared with that in the controls (421 +/- 147 mg/kg/day; p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). Hypercholesterolemia also decreased (82 +/- 4 and 89 +/- 6 mg/dl) as compared with that of the controls (141 +/- 48 mg/dl; both p < 0.05). Glomerulosclerosis index (SI) was significantly higher in the untreated control rats (55 +/- 26) than in the enalapril-treated rats (2 +/- 3; p < 0.005) and the high-dose-DuP-treated rats (6 +/- 6, p < 0.005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists↗
PubMed1993

[Lymphomas of the skin].

Malignant lymphoma of the skin is a type of extranodal lymphoma, in which the main organ involved is the skin, and 80-90% of cases in Japan show a T-cell phenotype. Mycosis fungoides (MF) and Sézary syndrome (SS) are common T-cell lymphomas of the skin with a benign prognosis. Therefore, various forms of topical therapy, such as topical steroid, photochemotherapy (PUVA) and interferons, have been indicated for the low-risk group (stages I A, I B and II A), whereas electron-beam irradiation, retinoid plus interferon (IFN), photopheresis and deoxycoformycin (DCF) plus IFN have been indicated for intermediate-risk group (stages II B and III). The cutaneous involvement of B-cell lymphoma has been considered an unmistakable sign of progression and dissemination of lymphoid disease, and is thus associated with a poor prognosis. However, some primary cutaneous B-cell lymphomas (CBCLs) show a benign prognosis, and electron-beam irradiation has been indicated for early-stage CBCL (stages I and II). However, the prognosis of high-risk group CTCL (stage IV) and cutaneous B-cell lymphoma (CBCL) (stages III and IV) is poor. Therefore, an effective multiagent combination chemotherapy, such as MACOP-B, M-BACOD or ProMACE-Cyta BOM is required for patients with advanced-stage CTCL and CBCL. With regard to age at the time of the first medical examination, patients with CTCL or CBCL at an advanced stage have a tendency to be older. Therefore, a mild but effective therapy, such as DCF plus IFN is recommendable.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1993

Castration attenuates proteinuria and glomerular injury in unilaterally nephrectomized male Sprague-Dawley rats.

BACKGROUND: To clarify the pathogenesis of focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis, we investigated the effect of castration on the development of proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis in unilaterally nephrectomized male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: At 5 weeks of age, group 3 was castrated, whereas groups 1 and 2 were sham-operated. At 6 weeks of age, groups 2 and 3 received unilateral right nephrectomy and group 1 received sham-operation. Body weight, blood pressure, urinary protein, serum albumin, cholesterol, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine were checked every 2 months from 2 through 12 months after right nephrectomy. Control group 1, Nx (nephrectomized) group 2 and castrated (nephrectomized + castrated) group 3 underwent morphologic study 6 months after nephrectomy. In an additional experiment, control group 4, Nx group 5, and castrated group 6 were followed for an additional 6 months and used for morphologic study. RESULTS: Growth was significantly stunted in the castrated rats as compared with control and Nx rats. Nx rats became proteinuric with age. Castration significantly reduced the proteinuria after 2 months of nephrectomy throughout the experiment. The proteinuria in castrated rats tended to decrease as compared with the controls. The glomerulosclerosis index was significantly higher in Nx rats than in either the controls or the castrated rats. The three groups showed no significant differences in blood pressure, plasma renin, activity and plasma aldosterone concentration. CONCLUSIONS: These observations suggest that sex hormones may contribute to the development of proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis in unilaterally nephrectomized male SD rats.

Animals↗
PubMed1993

The crystal structure of specific granules in human eosinophils studied by thin sectioning and deep-etching with the aid of Fourier transformation.

The crystal structures of specific granules in human eosinophils were studied by thin sectioning and deep-etching with the aid of Fourier transformation. The crystal, thought to be a simple cubic by previous studies by thin sectioning, was demonstrated as the body-centered cubic (the cesium chloride type) consisting of two kinds of particles. The crystal parameters obtained by deep-etching were slightly larger (a = b = c = 4.1-4.4 nm) than by thin sectioning (4.0 nm). By deep-etching, the crystal also showed the stacking folds suggesting the piled-up plates. Although it is known that the patients with hypereosinophilic syndrome have more hypodense eosinophils compared with normal persons, no morphological differences could be detected in the crystals between these eosinophils.

Crystallization↗
PubMed1993

Structure-activity relationship for D-ring derivatives of grayanotoxin in the squid giant axon.

Grayanotoxin (GTX) binds specifically to the voltage-dependent sodium channel and induces a persistent increase in the membrane permeability to sodium ion. By studying the structure-activity relation of the GTX action, we attempt to elucidate the molecular moiety of the sodium channel facing around the carbon atoms C-15 beta, C-16 beta and C-14S in the D-ring of GTX in exerting the biological activity. A dose-response curve for each GTX analog was constructed using membrane depolarization as an index and assuming a one-to-one stoichiometry. Addition of alpha-OH, carbonyl and beta-OH groups to either C-15 or C-16 sequentially reduces the toxin potency, suggesting that the domain of the Na channel facing C-15 and C-16 contains a positive charge. Substitution of a hydroxymethyl group to the beta side of C-16 reduces GTX activity 10 times more than a similar substitution in the alpha side, indicating that this positive charge is located close to the beta side. Introduction of a hydrophilic hydroxy group into C-14S reduced GTX activity by a factor of 20, whereas introduction of an electronegative amino group totally eliminated it. We infer that hydrophobic bonds are a predominant factor on the alpha surface of the GTX molecule. In summary, 3 beta-OH, 5 beta-OH and 6 beta-OH of the GTX molecule make contact with the Na channel by hydrogen bonding and with most of remainder by hydrophobic bond in binding to the Na channel.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1992

Pharmacokinetics of intratumoral RK-28, a new hypoxic radiosensitizer.

RK-28 is one of the new hypoxic cell radiosensitizers being developed in Japan and has been tested clinically. To reduce its toxicity and increase its sensitizing activity, intratumoral injection of RK-28 was performed during intraoperative radiation therapy for pancreatic cancer. This report presents the results of pharmacokinetic studies performed in 10 of the 17 patients who were administrated intravenous or intratumoral RK-28 during intraoperative radiation therapy. No adverse effects were noted following intravenous or intratumoral injection of the drug. Pharmacokinetic studies demonstrated several metabolites of RK-28 in both serum and tumor tissues. After intratumoral injection, the tumor drug concentration ranged from 123 micrograms/g to 9,292 micrograms/g just after intraoperative radiation therapy (30-50 min after injection of the compound), while the serum concentration ranged from 4.1 to 9.8 micrograms/ml. The tumor drug concentration was 23.3 micrograms/g at 45 min after intravenous injection of RK-28. Thus, intratumoral injection of RK-28 was superior to intravenous administration in this pharmacokinetic study. The combination of intraoperative radiation therapy and intratumoral injection of RK-28 appears to be a feasible treatment method.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Histopathological study of focal dermal hypoplasia (Goltz syndrome).

We report a case of focal dermal hypoplasia, or Golz syndrome in a 13-year-old girl. The patient presented with a variety of cutaneous defects, including atrophy-like depressions, striations, a verrucous papilloma, and lipomas. Histopathological examination showed deposits of fat cells or adipose tissue in the dermis, which were subepidermal, mid-dermal, perivascular, or involved the whole dermis. These findings indicate that the adipose tissue in the dermis is a result of dermal dysplasia and not hypoplasia.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1992

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL)--clinical, histopathological, immunological and immunohistochemical characteristics.

Twenty-one patients with ATL were assessed. The predominant physical findings were lymph node and bone marrow involvement, skin involvement, hepatosplenomegaly and leukemic manifestations. The predominant histopathological findings in both skin and lymph node specimens were the diffuse medium-sized cell type and the diffuse mixed cell type. Some phenotypic discrepancy was found between the neoplastic cells in the peripheral blood, lymph nodes and skin of patients with ATL with respect to CD45RA and CD45RO, and CD7, CD29, CD25 and HLA-DR. That is, the predominant neoplastic cell phenotype was the helper T-cell, which was CD3+, CD4+, CD7+, CD25+, CD45RA+ and HLA-DR+, and CD29- and CD45RO- in peripheral blood and lymph nodes, and CD3+, CD4+, CD7+, CD29+, CD45RO+ and HLA-DR+, and CD45RA- in the skin. In other words, we have described the phenotypic heterogeneity of ATL cells and demonstrated the heterogeneity of CD45R isoform expression on ATL cells in different organs--the skin, peripheral blood and lymph nodes--of the same patient.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition attenuates hypercholesterolemia and glomerular injury in hyperlipidemic Imai rats.

Hyperlipidemic Imai rats spontaneously develop hypercholesterolemia, proteinuria and glomerulosclerosis. We investigated the effect of enalapril, an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, on spontaneous hypercholesterolemia and the progressive renal injury in this rat strain. Male Imai rats (n = 7) were treated with enalapril at a dose of 50 mg/l in drinking water starting at 6 weeks of age. Body weight, blood pressure, urinary protein excretion and serum constituents were checked and compared with untreated controls (n = 5) up to 38 weeks of age. Enalapril treatment significantly reduced hypercholesterolemia (247 +/- 41 vs. 102 +/- 13 mg/dl, p < 0.01, at 38 weeks) and proteinuria (766 +/- 290 vs. 206 +/- 119 mg/kg/day, p < 0.01, at 38 weeks). The glomerulosclerosis index (SI) was significantly higher in untreated control rats than in the enalapril-treated group (227 +/- 57 vs. 27 +/- 9, p < 0.01). Although we could not clarify whether hypercholesterolemia is a primary event or secondary to the nephrotic syndrome, these results indicate that the ACE inhibitor has the property to protect remnant glomeruli from glomerulosclerosis in male Imai rats as well as in other animal models in which focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis is believed to represent a common pathologic pattern. This rat strain represents a unique model of a spontaneous proteinuria which can provide an important information on the pathogenesis of human focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis.

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors↗
PubMed1992

[Clinicopathological study of membranous glomerulonephritis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

Of 103 patients with membranous glomerulonephritis proved by renal biopsy, 11 (10.7%) had rheumatoid arthritis. Nine of these 11 patients received systemic treatment with anti-rheumatic remedies including gold, D-penicillamine and bucillamine. Two others were administered only token of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Renal function of the patients was well maintained and within normal limits. Four patients showed nephrotic syndrome, while mild to moderate proteinuria was found in the other 7. Hematuria was minimal to mild, and it was not a major symptom. Six patients resolved proteinuria completely and 2 patients incompletely after discontinuation of chrysotherapy. Nine cases of the membranous lesion in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were stage 1. Thus it was often difficult to identify the glomerular change only by light microscopy. IgA nephropathy and AA amyloidosis were associated in one patient respectively. Our data lead us to conclude that chrysotherapy would cause membranous lesions, but rheumatoid arthritis itself also induce membranous glomerulonephritis.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

The augmentative effect of a protein-bound polysaccharide (PSK) on tumoricidal activity of the soluble factor produced by a streptococcal preparation (OK-432)-activated macrophages.

The enhancement of antitumor activities of the tumoricidal soluble factor (SF) from a streptococcal preparation (OK-432)-activated macrophages by the pretreatment with a protein-bound polysaccharide (PSK) was investigated in tumor-bearing mice. Two-step stimulations with OK-432 at in vivo priming and in vitro eliciting were required for the production of the tumoricidal SF by macrophages, and the tumoricidal activity of the SF apparently correlated with the uptake of OK-432 by macrophages at priming phase. Tumoricidal activity of the SF from OK-432-activated macrophages in proteose-peptone (P-P)-pretreated mice significantly decreased with the development of the tumor, whereas in PSK-pretreated mice did not. Pretreatment of tumor-bearing mice with PSK saved a decrease in the macrophages carrying Iak or asialo GM1 antigens and an increase in wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) receptors. Furthermore, the uptake of OK-432 by macrophages at priming phase was enhanced. The tumoricidal activity of the SF from OK-432-activated macrophages was augmented. Thus, PSK may restore the depressed functions of macrophages, and the combination therapy with PSK and OK-432 may be effective to enhance the production of tumoricidal SF in tumor-bearing mice.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗
PubMed1991

Effects of the oral or intratumoral administration of OK432 on the immuno-reactivities of regional lymph nodes in gastric cancer patients.

The effects of OK432, a streptococcal preparation, administered either orally (PO-OK432) or intratumorally (IT-OK432) on the immuno-reactivities of regional lymph nodes were investigated in gastric cancer patients. Although native lymph node lymphocytes (LNL) from untreated patients did not show any cytotoxicities against K562 and Raji cells, enhanced activities were found in LNL from patients administered OK432. Augmenting effects on the cytotoxicities of LNL by in vitro additional OK432, interleukin 2 or gamma-interferon were remarkable in the patients given IT-OK432. Moreover, the cytotoxicities of peripheral blood lymphocytes were augmented in vitro more strongly in patients given IT-OK432 than in those given PO-OK432. Flow cytometric analysis of LNL revealed a decrease in CD4+ cells by PO-OK432 and an increase in CD8+ cells by IT-OK432. An increase in CD4+2H4+ cells and a decrease in CD4+2H4- cells were observed in the patients given OK432, though CD8+CD11+ cells decreased by PO-OK432 while CD8+CD11+ cells increased by IT-OK432. Thus, it is suggested that LNL reactive to OK432 immunotherapy may differ between PO- and IT-OK432, and that the immunoreactivities of local lymph nodes and systemical immuno-reactivities may be highly potentiated by IT-OK432 rather than PO-OK432.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1991

Venous bypass grafting for celiac occlusion in radical pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Radical pancreaticoduodenectomy was performed for cancer of the head of the pancreas in a 65-year-old male patient with congenital celiac occlusion. Preoperative angiography revealed that the arterial flow to the liver, spleen, and stomach was supplied via the pancreaticoduodenal arcade and that the dorsal pancreatic artery arose from the superior mesenteric artery. In order to perform radical pancreatectomy with sufficient clearance of lymph nodes and soft tissues around the pancreas, the celiac arterial circulation was reconstructed. The restoration of flow was effected via a saphenous vein graft between the common hepatic artery and the aorta. Postoperative angiography demonstrated patency of the graft. The patient's postoperative course was uneventful.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

A tail length modifier gene discovered in the Japanese wild mice (Mus musculus molossinus).

The presence of the t haplotypes in strains derived from the Japanese wild mice (Mus musculus molossinus) was investigated. Crosses between the T/+ heterozygous short tailed mice and five normal tailed molossinus strains (MOL-ANJ, MOA, MOL-NEM, MOM and Mns) produced no tailless mice, indicating that these strains possess no t haplotype. In contrast, tailless mice were produced by a cross between the T/+ heterozygotes and a MOL-NIS strain. Mating experiments showed that the tailless character was due to an interaction between the T gene and an autosomal recessive gene carried by the MOL-NIS strain that expresses the short tail character under the homozygous condition. We have tentatively named this gene brachyury-interacting tail length modifier (btm). It remains to be investigated whether the btm gene is located in the t complex region or in the other locus.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

Expression of three cell proliferation-associated antigens, DNA polymerase alpha, Ki-67 antigen and transferrin receptor in nodal and cutaneous T-cell lymphomas.

We studied the expression of three cell proliferation-associated antigens: DNA polymerase alpha, Ki-67 antigen, and transferrin receptor, in 35 T-cell lymphomas of nodal origin (T-NL) and 40 cutaneous T-cell lymphomas (CTCL). Immunohistochemical staining was carried out on frozen tissue sections of these specimens using three monoclonal antibodies, DAKO-PC, CL22-2-42B (DNA polymerase alpha), and OKT9. The proportion of cells positive for CL22-2-42B, DAKO-PC, or OKT9 among all tumor cells was correlated with four histologic subtypes: malignant lymphoma (ML), diffuse, small; mixed; large; and large cell immunoblastic in both T-NL and CTCL. A strong correlation was noted between positivity for CL22-2-42B and that for DAKO-PC or OKT9. On the other hand, no difference in the expression of these three antigens was noted between T-NL and CTCL in the high, intermediate or low grade-malignancy group. In CTCL as well as in T-NL, cells positive for CL22-2-42B, DAKO-PC or OKT9 were significantly more numerous in the high-grade group than the intermediate-grade group, and in the intermediate-grade group than the low-grade group. Furthermore, a significant correlation between survival period and the number of CL22-2-42B-positive cells was noted when the T cell malignancies, CTCL and T-NL were considered (t value = 2.015, p less than 0.05). Thus, the expression of DNA-polymerase alpha, Ki-67 antigen or OKT9 seems to well reflect the biological behavior and/or clinical prognosis of T-cell lymphoma.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

[Effects of CR1505, a CCK antagonist, on pancreatic growth in hamsters].

The effects of CR1505, a CCK antagonist, on CCK-stimulated and normal pancreas were studied in Syrian golden hamsters. The CCK-stimulated trophic effect was inhibited by CR1505 in a dose-dependent manner, in which CR1505 100 mg/kg bw resulted in a complete inhibition of the weight of pancreas, the total pancreatic protein and DNA contents, compared to the control. Otherwise, CR1505 administration in doses of 25, 50, 100 mg/kg bw alone, didn't induce any significant changes among CR1505-treated groups and the control one. However, in the dose of 200 mg/kg bw, the weight of pancreas, the total pancreatic protein and DNA contents were significantly lower than control levels, suggesting pancreatic atrophy in the hamster. It's concluded that CR1505 is an effective CCK receptor antagonist that could inhibit the CCK-induced pancreatic trophic effect. Furthermore, CR1505 administration to normal pancreas brought out pancreatic atrophy, indicating that CCK seems to play an important role in the maintenance of normal pancreatic growth in hamsters.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Membranous glomerulonephritis probably related to bucillamine therapy in two patients with rheumatoid arthritis].

We describe here two patients with rheumatoid arthritis who developed nephrotic syndrome after administration of bucillamine, a novel antirheumatic drug developed in Japan. The nephrotic syndrome occurred after six months' and five months' treatment of bucillamine, respectively. The renal biopsy showed early phase of membranous glomerulonephritis (stage 1) in both patients. The first patient was a 64-year-old man who had received gold therapy for two years, and penicillamine therapy for eight months before bucillamine therapy. The nephrotic syndrome occurred after one year's cessation of the gold therapy and six months' cessation of the penicillamine therapy. The other patient, 57-year-old woman, had no history of gold or penicillamine therapy. Our experience suggests that membranous glomerulonephritis might occur in relation to bucillamine therapy.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents↗