Glomerular changes in acute plasmodium falciparum infection. An immunopathologic study.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to N Bhamarapravati.
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Renal glomeruli of Plasmodium berghei infected mice were studied electron microscopically. The endothelial cell proliferation and endothelial cytoplasmic changes were greatly stimulated on day 7, at the time when there were collections of dense granular aggregates in the glomerular capillary lumens and electron-dense deposits in the mesangial areas. The basement membrane lesion developed with the infiltration of polymorphonuclear leucocytes on day 14 with more electron-dense deposits in the mesangial areas and in the basement membrane. On the basis of these ultrastructural alterations and on previous findings of immune complex (P berghei antigen, mouse globulin and mouse beta1C globulin) deposits by immunofluorescent study, we concluded that glomerular lesions in P berghei infected mice are induced by immune mechanism.
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A micro-focus reduction neutralization test (mFRNT) was evaluated as an alternative test to the ordinary plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) for the determination of dengue virus and Japanese encephalitis virus neutralizing antibody responses in persons receiving dengue vaccine. The 2 tests were similar in terms of titres and ability to detect seroconversion. Although the neutralizing antibody titres obtained by mFRNT were slightly lower than those given by PRNT, the differences were less than two-fold, indicating than mFRNT was reliable. Reproducibility of mFRNT was confirmed by 10 replicate tests using the same control serum. Therefore, mFRNT may be useful in large-scale investigations of neutralizing antibody levels, for example, in young children forming part of an immunization programme; it can be performed quickly and is economical, requiring only a small volume of sera.
Dengue hemorrhagic fever is characterized by a sudden onset of fever that lasts for 2-7 days and then subsides, at which time hemorrhagic manifestations become evident. Sometimes there is an associated form of hypovolemic shock known as dengue shock syndrome. There are usually significant changes in the liver, the reticuloendothelial system, and the vascular system (e.g., necrosis of liver cells and focal hemorrhage, increase in turnover of lymphocytes, and diapedesis of erythrocytes through vessel walls). Because of the lack of pathologic findings in major organs and the rapid recovery (without sequelae) of survivors, physiologic dysfunction is thought to be secondary to the action of biologic mediators that are capable of producing severe illness with minimal structural injury.
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