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Biomedical subjects

N C Gupta

Publications and source records attributed to N C Gupta.

62 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

PET of infant in persistent vegetative state.

This is the first report of cranial positron emission tomography findings of an infant in a persistent vegetative state. Serial positron emission tomography/2-deoxy-2[18F]fluoro-D-glucose studies demonstrated persistent global reduction of cerebral glucose metabolism, results similar to those found in adults in persistent vegetative states. Positron emission tomography may be useful in confirming this clinical diagnosis in infants.

Blood Glucose↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Clinical applications of positron-emission tomography in cancer.

Positron-emission tomography is a unique imaging technique that has shown promise for improving staging, treatment planning, and monitoring of cancer. When used in conjunction with a radioactive glucose analog, positron-emission tomography has proven useful for detecting malignant tissue and quantitating changes in tumor glycolysis during and after treatment. This article reviews the principles of positron-emission tomography and its clinical role in cancer treatment.

Contrast Media↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Safety of different dosages of intravenous adenosine used in conjunction with diagnostic myocardial imaging techniques.

STUDY OBJECTIVE: To determine the safety of three different dosage regimens of intravenous adenosine. DESIGN: Open-label, observational safety evaluation. SETTING: University hospital-based department of nuclear medicine. PATIENTS: Cohort of 854 patients referred for myocardial perfusion imaging to evaluate their coronary artery disease and who were judged unable to perform physical exercise. INTERVENTIONS: Subjects underwent myocardial perfusion imaging in conjunction with one of three intravenous dosage regimens: 1 = fixed dosage 140 micrograms/kg/minute for 6 minutes; 2 = dosage titration to a maximum of 140 micrograms/kg/minute; and 3 = dosage titration to a maximum of 200 micrograms/kg/minute. In regimens 2 and 3, maximum tolerated dosages were continued for a minimum of 3 minutes prior to radioisotope injection. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Adenosine-induced hemodynamic, electrocardiographic, and biochemical changes were measured. Adverse effects of the different adenosine dosages were compared. Noncardiac side effects such as flushing, dyspnea, neck tightness, and lightheadedness occurred at a significantly higher rate during regimens 2 and 3 than regimen 1. Chest pain and first- and second-degree atrioventricular block were also more frequent during regimens 2 and 3. However, the frequency of other side effects such as complete heart block, hypotension, and ST segment depression did not differ among the regimens. High-dose adenosine was associated with a significant increase in serum uric acid, a significant decrease in blood glucose, and a significant increase in serum triglyceride levels. Mean changes in hemodynamics and electrocardiographic intervals were also not different among the groups except for a greater increase in PR interval in regimens 2 and 3 than regimen 1. Discontinuation of adenosine was infrequent (< 1%) and did not differ among the regimens. CONCLUSIONS: Adenosine-assisted myocardial perfusion imaging procedures are relatively safe for evaluating coronary artery disease. Despite 82% of patients reporting at least one side effect, only 10 (< 1%) had to discontinue adenosine. No patient suffered any residual sequelae from the adverse effects. The fixed-dose regimen is associated with fewer subjective side effects and is better tolerated than titration regimens. Appropriate safety precautions should nonetheless be taken during adenosine infusions.

Adenosine↗