Some aspects of hormonal regulation of the menstrual cycle. A review.
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Biomedical subjects
Publications and source records attributed to N D Fanchenko.
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Plasma estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) concentrations, E2 and estrogen binding sites (EBS) content in the uterus and oviducts of green monkey (Cercopithecus griseus) were measured during different phases of the menstrual cycle. Plasma E2 and P patterns were practically identical to those of African-Asian monkeys and humans. The E2 and EBS levels in various subcellular fractions were also determined. The correlations between these parameters were shown to be in accordance with the active mass law for monomolecular interaction at equilibrium state and might vary at different phases of the cycle. The alteration is probably attributable to variations in the activity of estrogen-receptor interaction during the menstrual cycle.
Equilibrium binding of labeled estron, estradiol, estriol and DES was studied in uterine cytosol of immature Wistar rats. The dissociation kinetics of the ligand complexes with specific high affinity sites suggested the homogeneity of estrogen receptors in rat uterine cytosol. The feasibility of intracellular regulation of estrogen action in target cells both at the receptor and post-receptor levels is discussed.
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Examination of children aged 3 to 17 years and adult population including parturients living in Naryan-Mar and northern settlements of the Nenets national district revealed the reduced calcium and elevated phosphorus concentrations in the blood serum of the examinees as compared with respective parameters in analogous population groups living in the middle zone of Russia (Moscow and Kazan). These changes, particularly marked in winter and spring, are determined by national and local features of the diet poor in calcium and containing excess amount of phosphorus. The concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in the blood serum of the population living in the Extreme North was 2 times lower than that in the population of the middle zone, constituting 15-20 and 30-40 ng/ml, respectively. The reason for a lower vitamin D supply in the North is insufficient insulation.
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A new class of modified progesterones with an additional 16 alpha, 17 alpha-carbocycle (pregna-D'-pentaranes) is obtained. These compounds were found to exhibit a high progestational activity in the Clauberg-McPhail assay and to be active as well in the pregnancy maintenance test in ovariectomized rabbits. Some of the pentaranes displayed a remarkable contraceptive effect in combination with mestranol. X-Ray data were employed for the description of molecular conformations of D'-pentaranes. On this base, their biological responses are considered to be connected with the conformational changes of D and D' rings as well as 17 beta-acetyl side chain. Accordingly, the contraceptive effect of D'3-6-pentaranes is correlated with the value of C(15)-C(16)-C(17)-C(20) torsion angle of the corresponding molecules. The relative binding affinities of some D'6-pentaranes to the progestin receptor were determined and compared with their in vivo biological responses.
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