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Biomedical subjects

N D Novikova

Publications and source records attributed to N D Novikova.

25 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

[Studies on the growth and reproduction of bacterial communities on structural materials of the international space station].

Probability of microbial growth and reproduction on the ISS interior and equipment materials varying in chemical composition was studied with the strains of Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Pseudomonas putida etc. sampled from the ISS environment. Controls were ground reference strains of same bacterial species. Based on our results, some of the microorganisms are able to survive and proliferate on structural materials; the ability was greater in space isolates as compared with their ground analogs. The greatest ability to grow and proliferate on materials was demonstrated by Bacillus subtilis.

Bacillus subtilis↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Main results of the Biorisk experiment on the International Space Station].

To get better appreciation of the margins of phenotypic adaptation and genotypic changes in bacteria-fungi associations within the typical microbiota residing on structural materials of space-flown equipment, developed were a program and hardware for a series of experiments under the general name BIORISK. Protocol of each experimental cycle is based on the well-proven method of exposure of "passive" samples of materials (Biorisk-KM), microorganisms-materials systems inside the ISS service module (Biorisk-MSV), and microorganisms-materials systems on the outside of the ISS SM (Biorisk-MSN). Each six months the samples are returned to the laboratory in conjunction with crew rotation. Already the first in-hand data from the experiment point to the dramatic effect of space flight on growth, reproduction, and biological properties of test microbes and fungi. Thus, the activity of enzymes that characterize the pathogenic potential (RNA-ase and DNA-ase), and resistance of microorganisms to aseptic agents were found increased.

Adaptation, Physiological↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Characteristics of microflora development on the structural materials used in hermetically sealed life support quarters].

The composition of microbial and fungal associations of non-metal materials used in the interior design and equipment of enclosures was investigated when they were inhabited by men. It was found that the microorganisms formed on the structure materials were influenced by such factors as men and their specific microflora, accumulated water and dust, as well as the chemical structure of the polymers used.

Bacteria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Ability of microflora to multiply on polymer materials used in hermetically sealed compartments].

The main representatives of human auto-microflora were examined to identify the microorganisms that can grow and develop on various polymers used in an enclosed interior. Bacteria of the Genera Pseudomonas, Proteus and Bacillus were found to be most proliferative. Microbial growth was strongly influenced by environmental parameters of the enclosure and by the chemical structure of the polymer.

Bacteria↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Products of microbiological biodegradation of polymer materials as a factor of possible contamination of the atmosphere of hermetically sealed compartments with toxic substances].

The purpose of the present investigation was to determine hygienic relevance of microbial degradation of polymers in an enclosed environment. Experiments were carried out to study the growth and development of microorganisms--molds and bacteria--on polymers. It was found that the process may be accompanied by the formation of volatile toxic substances, i.e. biodegradation products resulting from microbial decomposition of polymer components. Polymer ingredients are the major factor that determines the qualitative and quantitative composition of volatile substances. The accumulation of these substances on polymers leads to the deterioration of their sanitary-chemical properties and consequently to the contamination of the environment. It is shown that the basic products of biodegradation of polyurethane foam are ethanol and acetaldehyde and those of polyvinyl chloride plates, isooctanol (2-ethyl hexanol). The environmental parameters affect the microbial activity and therefore the rate of biodegradation processes.

Air Microbiology↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Formation of volatile substances during destruction of polymers by Pseudomonas aeruginosa].

The effect of biodestruction of paint-and-varnish coatings on the formation and evolution of toxic substances was studied. It was found that the multiplication of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on epoxide resins (EP-255 ++ EP-525/AK-070) modified the evolution of gases: that of acetone and n-butanone increased and evolution of xylene and ethyl benzene isomers decreased.

1-Butanol↗