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N Feingold

Publications and source records attributed to N Feingold.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

Comparison of sporadic and hereditary forms of medullary thyroid carcinoma.

Between 1960 and 1988, 185 patients with medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) were followed at the Institut Gustave Roussy in France. The screening of the family members by calcitonin measurement (basal or after pentagastrin stimulation) has led to the characterization of 38 sporadic cases and 44 hereditary cases. Among the hereditary cases are seven families with MTC only and two families with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN 2A). MTC only cases and MEN 2B cases are present as apparently sporadic forms. Hereditary cases consisted of 26 females and 18 males; the male:female ratio was 21:17 in sporadic cases. Ten of the sporadic patients were deceased (mean age 46 years) compared to three of the hereditary cases (mean age 59 years). The age at diagnosis was 44 years for the sporadic patients and 35 years for the hereditary MTC only patients with clinical manifestations. Histologic data from the sporadic and hereditary patients showed that the tumor is mostly unilateral without C-cell hyperplasia in sporadic cases and bilateral with C-cell hyperplasia in hereditary cases. The location of tumors was quite variable among the sporadic cases and mostly localized to the middle part of the thyroid lobes in the hereditary cases. Our data suggest that the age at diagnosis is later in sporadic forms of MTC and that the age at diagnosis is later in the hereditary forms of MTC only compared to those with MEN 2A.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[Endocrine polyadenomatosis of 2a type (MEN 2a). Clinical and genetic study of a family].

In a large kindred with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2a (MEN 2a) (137 members, 5 generations), bilateral thyroid medullary carcinoma was found in all affected members. Pheochromocytoma was present in 59% of the cases, and was responsible at least for 4 out the 5 deaths related to MEN 2a. Hyperparathyroidism was less frequent (41%). Family screening leads to a reduction in age for diagnosis and to an improvement in the prevalence of complete healing after surgery. Linkage between HLA loci and a dominant gene for MEN 2a was investigated in this kindred. Lod scores for recombination fraction were all negative (-0.47 for a recombination fraction of 0.05). These results comfort the lack of linkage between MEN 2a and the HLA complex.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

Susceptibility to human cutaneous leishmaniasis and HLA, Gm, Km markers.

A relationship between markers related to the immune response (HLA system, Gm and Km immunoglobulin allotypes) and susceptibility to cutaneous leishmaniasis was investigated in a population of Hmong refugees who had recently settled in French Guiana. Two approaches were used: 1) case/control comparisons of the marker phenotype distribution to detect possible associations; 2) multiple-case family studies to search for marker-linked genes. When the distribution of HLA-A, B, C, antigens and Gm, Km allotypes was compared between patients and controls, only a significant decrease of HLA-Cw7 antigen among leishmaniasis patients was detected (p = 0.01). No interaction between any two of these markers and the disease was found. On the other hand, neither an HLA, Gm or Km susceptibility gene could be demonstrated in the informative sets of affected siblings. These results are discussed with respect to those reported in other infectious diseases.

Disease Susceptibility↗
PubMed1987

Studies on an isolated West Indies population. III. Epidemiologic study of sensorineural hearing loss.

An epidemiologic study of hearing loss was undertaken on a small Caribbean island and revealed a high frequency of abnormal audiograms among the population of French origin. Since there is no clear-cut discrimination between hypoacusis and normal hearing, but rather a continuous spectrum, the degree of hearing loss was quantified by an audiometric index, using the results of audiograms performed on 70% of the inhabitants. No environmental factors could be identified, although the effect of such factors is highly suggested by several observations of deafness aggravated by, or appearing after, a small dose of ototoxic antibiotics, and also by a strong residual age effect after correction for physiological presbyacusis. Hearing loss was found to be sparsed all over the island. Familial aggregation was noticed for several severe cases.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1986

[HLA and leprosy].

Although there is now accumulating evidence that the host response to Mycobacterium leprae is genetically controlled, the nature of the genetic component is still imprecise. Case-control studies as well as family studies, in various populations, have shown that HLA linked factors confer susceptibility to tuberculoid leprosy and lepromatous leprosy respectively. Recently, associations between Gm allotypes and the disease have also been reported. Further studies of the familial cosegregation of the different forms of leprosy together with the HLA and Gm markers may permit a better understanding of the underlying genetic mechanisms.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1985

[Interaction between HLA and Gm for susceptibility to insulin-dependent diabetes].

It is now well established that HLA system is involved in the susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes mellitus. In this study we look for a possible effect of the Gm system. A first study (cases-controls) suggests that among individuals who had HLA-DR3 but not HLA-DR4 or HLA-DR4 without HLA-DR3, there is a possible effect of the phenotype Gm3,23,5 or Gm3,-5 in the susceptibility to IDDM. Moreover, we have tested by the sibpair method whether HLA and Gm are transmitted independently from IDDM: an unaffected sib, sharing the same HLA haplotypes than an affected individual, seems to be more often phenotypically different at the Gm loci.

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1↗
PubMed1984

Antibodies to HTLV-I p24 in sera of blood donors, elderly people and patients with hemopoietic diseases in France and in French West Indies.

Human T-cell lymphoma/leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is a type-C retrovirus originally isolated from patients with leukemia or lymphoma involving mature T lymphocytes. Epidemiological studies have shown that HTLV-I infection occurs not only in leukemic but also in normal people in at least two areas of the world: the Caribbean basin and the South-West of Japan. We report here the results of a large seroepidemiological study of HTLV-I infection in normal French blood donors, elderly subjects living in institutions and patients with various malignant hemopathies, obtained by the classical HTLV-I p24 radioimmunoassay. We were unable to demonstrate antibodies to HTLV-I in 510 sera from French volunteer blood donors born and living in continental France or in sera from 262 blood donors born in other countries (mainly in Europe and North Africa) and living in continental France at the time of collection. In contrast, among 131 sera from blood donors born in French overseas territories (French Guiana, French West Indies, and Reunion) but living at the time of collection in continental France, 2 (1.5%) were found to possess anti-HTLV-I antibodies. In a sample of 2,597 blood donors from Martinique, 39 (1.5%) were positive. A positive correlation with age was observed whereas no statistical relationship was found between HTLV-I antibodies and sex, red cell blood groups or the place of residence in Martinique. On the other hand, a very high level of positive values was observed in Martinique among old people living in institutions, 14% of those aged over 60 years being positive. HTLV-I-associated hematological malignancies have not been observed in patients born and living in continental France whereas a large number exist in the French West Indies. In the same area, the presence of anti-HTLV-I antibodies in 12% of patients with myeloma, a typical B-cell disease, merits attention.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

HLA and susceptibility to multiple sclerosis.

The study of the joint segregation of multiple sclerosis and HLA, using affected sib pairs as well as whole pedigrees, shows that these two traits are not independently transmitted. The hypothesis of a single susceptibility locus inside HLA region could explain all the observed data, only if a high gene frequency, a very low penetrance, and some environmental correlation between relatives are assumed. Linkage analysis performed on the basis of this hypothesis for 58 multiple sclerosis families concludes to a strict linkage. We obtained a maximum score of 3.11 at theta = 0.00 for a dominant gene of frequency 0.18 and penetrance of 0.02. This result contrasts with the large recombination fraction obtained by other authors and the discrepancy is explained by the very low gene frequency used in their analysis. Some environmental correlation, in addition to the genetic determinant in HLA region, may explain the overall familial aggregation, but an alternative is the existence of additional genetic determinants.

Gene Frequency↗
PubMed1984

A linkage study between HLA and cutaneous malignant melanoma or precursor lesions or both.

In seven pedigrees displaying the familial atypical multiple mole-melanoma (FAMMM) syndrome, three successive linkage analyses were performed between HLA and an assumed dominant gene determining respectively each of the following affected phenotypes: (1) precursor lesions, (2) cutaneous malignant melanoma (CMM), and (3) precursor lesions or CMM or both. Close linkage could be excluded in (1) and (3). However, if the transmission of malignant melanoma itself were assumed to be due to a single gene different from the one responsible for precursor lesions, a maximum lod score of 1.64 was observed at a recombination fraction of 5%, assuming low penetrance values. These different results are discussed in respect to the possible mechanisms causing the familial distribution of these traits. Two alternative hypotheses were proposed. Either the FAMMM syndrome is a rare genetic entity not closely linked to HLA or the association and transmission of precursor lesions and CMM in families are due to several factors among which HLA might play a role.

Disease Susceptibility↗
PubMed1983

Exclusion of a tight linkage between familial polyposis coli and HLA.

Linkage was investigated between a dominant gene determining familial polyposis coli (FPC) and HLA in a large pedigree. A tight linkage was excluded at a value of the recombination fraction between 0 and 5%. Linkage studies with various markers should be pursued to permit detection of high risk individuals and to better understand the phenotypic variability observed in certain polyposis families.

Colonic Neoplasms↗
PubMed1982

[Study of an isolated West Indies population. II. Estimation of the inbreeding value (author's transl)].

Saint-Barthélémy, a small island near Guadeloupe, has been isolated since the 18th century. A first estimation of genetic size at each generation gives an estimation of the present inbreeding value due to random genetic drift. It is of the order of half a per cent. A census of matings between closely related persons (first or second cousins), during the three last generation may provide an estimation of the inbreeding value related to choice of mates based on relatedness using Sutter's equation of apparent consanguinity. This estimation is of the same order (0.8%) but is restricted to the cumulative effect of random genetic drift and non-random mating between relatives during these three last generations. A full estimation of remote consanguinity at present time requires a detailed analysis of genealogies.

Consanguinity↗
PubMed1981

Studies on an isolated West Indies population: I. Analysis of HLA genotypes.

The transmission of HLA genes was studied in an isolated population of French origin on the lesser Antilles islands in the West Indies. The study of 74 unrelated individuals, 44 of whom were genotyped, was carried out for the alleles of HLA loci: A, B, C and Bf (proactivator factor of properdin). As a result of the founder effect and the inbreeding process, the HLA haplotypes were noted to be less polymorphic than in a French continental population. Two haplotypes: A2, Cw5, B12, BfS and A3, C-, B14, BfF represent 24% of the observed haplotypes, and only 2% of the reference haplotypes in France. No significant excess or deficit of homozygotes was observed at the A and B loci.

Deafness↗