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N Feingold

Publications and source records attributed to N Feingold.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1980

[Spina-bifida and anencephaly. Geographic distribution, correlation with HLA system (author's transl)].

Geographical variation in the incidence of an Anencephaly and Spina-Bifida is well documented. The highest rates for these malformations were found in Ireland, Wales, Scotland and in Western regions of England. These rates decrease progressively towards eastern Europe. In France the highest rates were found in some regions of Brittany. The geographical correlations between the mortality rates of Spina-Bifida and incidence of Spina-Bifida and Anencephaly and the HLA antigen frequencies are studied. There is a positive correlation with A1 and B8 and a negative one with B5 and BW35. The role of the HLA system in these associations is discussed.

Anencephaly↗
PubMed1980

Application of the lod score method to detection of linkage between HLA and juvenile insulin-dependent diabetes.

The lod score method has been applied to 28 informative families with at least one child suffering from juvenile insulin-dependent diabetes (JIDD), assuming autosomal recessive inheritance, for detection of linkage between HLA and a susceptibility locus for this disease. These 28 families were pooled with 21 other families from the literature. The maximum lod scores were obtained for recombination fractions from 4 to 16%, according to the level of penetrance (10 to 90%). These high estimates of the recombination fraction are not in agreement with the hypothesis that the association between JIDD and specific HLA haplotypes is due to a simple linkage disequilibrium between the HLA region and a susceptibility locus for JIDD.

Chromosome Mapping↗
PubMed1980

Spina bifida and anencephaly. Geographic correlation with the HLA system.

The geographical correlation between the incidence of spina bifida and anencephaly and the HLA and ABO antigen frequencies are studied. There is a positive correlation between these malformations and A1 and B8, and a negative correlation with B5 and Bw35. The role of the HLA system itself, or of a human T-like locus, is discussed. This study provides evidence of a possible genetic background of susceptibility to these malformations.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1980

[Linkage disequilibrium].

The linkage disequilibrium which measures the association between linked genes is a temporary phenomenon in a population because of crossing over. But such associations persist in HLA system. These persistent linkage disequilibria may be due to the very small fraction of recombinaison between the loci but other explanations are possible: selection or migration. A linkage disequilibrium produces a phenotypic correlation in a population. A phenotypic correlation may be due to pleiotropic effect of a gene, or epistasie of two genes, or population stratification... On the same hand, if a correlation appears in an inter population study, it may be due to a migration or a subdivided population. In medical genetics the research of such association intra or inter population studies may permit to point out a defect gene. In particular, HLA system study has proved that many susceptibility genes of various diseases are linked to B or D alleles.

Female↗
PubMed1979

HLA in populations: an approach for genetical susceptibility to cancer.

The geographical correlations between the incidence of various cancers and the HLA and ABO antigen frequencies are studied. There is, for example, a positive correlation between breast and colorectal carcinoma and AI, B8 and B12 antigens, and a negative one between prostate carcinoma and B12. The role of the HLA system itself or other genes involved in these associations is discussed. This study gives some evidence of a possible genetic background of susceptibility or resistance to cancer.

ABO Blood-Group System↗
PubMed1979

[Comparative study of anti EBV antibodies in non-Hodgkin's lymphomams and angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathies (author's transl)].

Antibody titers to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)--related antigens (viral capsid antigen : VCA; early antigen : EA; and EBV associated nuclear antigen : EBNA) were determined in the sera of 86 patients and 150 matched control subjects. The patients belonged to four histological groups : diffuse and nodular non-hodgkin's lymphomas angio-immunoblastic lymphadenopathies and apparented syndroms. The incidence of antibodies to other herpes-viruses (cytomégalovirus, herpes simplex virus, and varicella zoster virus) was compared. There was a significantly higher incidence of anti VCA and anti EA titers in some patients, not associated with an increase in titres of antibodies to other herpes viruses.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

[Geographical pathology and genetic markers: detection of associations (author's transl)].

The study of potential associations between genetic markers and various diseases is an important approach in epidemiology. With such studies it is possible to reveal an hereditary component for multifactorial diseases. There are three kinds of analyses: --comparisons of the frequency of the marker in patients and in a control group; --investigations of genetic markers in families with high incidence of disease; --studies of geographical clines between the incidence of the disease and the marker frequency. The interpretation of such geographical associations is difficult. These associations can be the reflect of the migration of susceptibility genes with genetic markers. The HLA system is the better for this kind of approach.

Breast Neoplasms↗
PubMed1978

A genetic study of two French Guiana Amerindian populations. II. Rare electrophoretic variants.

Two Amerindian populations of French Guiana were investigated for plasma proteins and red-cell enzymes. In the Wayampi tribe, rare variants were identified in 4 systems. The corresponding alleles are designated AK1 3 Wayampi, PGM1 (4/10) Wayampi, PGM2 6 Wayampi, and TfD. In the Emerillon tribe, a variant allele of PGM2, designated PGM2 6 Emerillon, was identified. For three of the systems, PGM1, PGM2, Tf, similar isozymes have been described in other Amerindian populations. These findings suggest that the corresponding alleles may have the same origin.

Adenylate Kinase↗
PubMed1978

Principal clinical features and prognosis in chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

A prospective study of 102 patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) on 30 parameters subdivided into 77 variables was analyzed by correspondence analysis, a variant of principal component analysis, which allows simultaneous graphical representation of patients and variables. This statistical method clearly defined three principal clinical features recognized at the time of diagnosis: lymph node proliferation, lymphoid infiltration and cytopenia. Cytopenia was clearly subdivided into peripheral and central types. Each of these clinical features were derived from clinical and laboratory observations which agreed with each other. Simple examination permitted an evaluation of these three syndromes. They seemed to be independent of each other except for a relationship between central cytopenia and lymphoid infiltration. Thus clinical staging at the moment of diagnosis must record three scales of severity corresponding to the three independant clinical features. Prognosis was essentially related to cytopenia, whatever the mechanism. In a further analysis of the subsequent progress of the disease, a "common path" for patients was found terminating in a region of the graph where marked splenomegaly and cytopenia were plotted. We conclude that it is necessary to consider the three clinical features independently in a clinical staging. This study emphasizes the poor prognosis of cytopenia and splenomegaly and indicates that follow up and treatment should take this feature into account.

Anemia↗
PubMed1978

Histocompatibility antigens in two American Indian tribes of French Guiana.

Two South American Indian populations were typed for HLA antigens. In each, the individuals typed were related and their genealogies were known. Determination of their genotypes was done; there seemed to be neither excess nor deficiency in homozygotes. The antigens observed, A2, A9, Aw19.2 (Aw30-Aw31), A28 for the first locus and B5, Bw15, Bw35, Bw40 for the second locus are in accordance with those previously described for other South American Indians. The two populations belong to the same primary linguistic family Tupi-Guarani and they live in the same geographic area, but there was no intertribal marriage until recently. Genetic drift can explain the differences observed.

French Guiana↗
PubMed1978

Idiopathic hemochromatosis: linkage with HLA.

Forty-eight unrelated patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis were found to have a significantly higher frequency of three HLA antigens (A3, B7 and B14) than 591 healthy controls. A significant association between HLA haplotypes and disease segregations was demonstrated in 14 family studies. A recessive inheritance of a strongly A3-linked disease gene responsible for abnormal iron stores in the heterozygote state is postulated. The lod score value (4.415 for theta = 0.025) is compatible with this hypothesis. However, the excess of HLA-identical pairs of affected sibs does not exclude the possibility of a pseudo-recessiveness due to two codominant genes both HLA-linked. For the first time, a means of screening for high risk subjects is available and therefore offers the possibility of a preventive approach.

Genes, Dominant↗
PubMed1978

[HLA system and malignant diseases (author's transl)].

Since ten years, there is an extensive search for association between antigens of the major histocompatibility system HLA and malignant diseases. Data show only weak associations with Hodgkin disease and acute lymphocyte leukemia. For studies of a variety of solid tumours the difference between patients and controls do not attain statistical significance, except for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. According to the gene frequency variations in populations and the ethnic differences in some cancers, inter-population studies are possible. Significant geographic associations between some cancers and HLA antigens have been found. They give evidence for a genetic background of susceptibility or resistance to cancer.

HLA Antigens↗
PubMed1977

Inbreeding in recessive diseases.

The consanguinity of parents (born in France) of individuals who have a recessive disease has been studied. The frequency of first cousin marriages is less than 0.2% in the general French population. Among the parents of affected individuals the following frequencies of first cousin matings were observed: cystic fibrosis: 1.4% cystinosis: 7.1% nephronophtisis: 5.6% spinal muscular atrophy: 4.5% albinism: 5.0% achromatopsia: 12.5% (Albinism and spinal muscular atrophy are heterogeneous conditions). The increase in the frequency of first cousin marriage relative to that of the general population is much greater, as expected, in cystinosis, which is a rare disease, than in cystic fibrosis, which is the most frequent recessive disorder in France. Inbreeding in cystinosis and cystic fibrosis was also studied by computing the distance between parental birth places. This distance is smaller in cystinosis than in cystic fibrosis.

Albinism↗
PubMed1977

Mercuric chloride-induced anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies in the rat: genetic control.

Mercuric chloride induces anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies in the Brown-Norway rat. Various other inbred rat strains (Lewis, Wistar AG, August, PVG/c) were not found to be able to produce such antibodies under the same experimental conditions. Hybrids (F1, F2 and F1 x LEW) were bred from Brown-Norway and Lewis rats and injected with mercuric chloride. It has been demonstrated that the induction of anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies by mercuric chloride in these crosses is under genetic control. The response was found to depend on two or three genes one of which was H-1-linked. The negative results obtained with L.BN congenic rats were in complete agreement with this conclusion.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

HLA markers in parents of triploid conceptuses.

Twenty-eight HLA-A and B markers have been tested in 49 couples who had one or more triploid abortions. The antigen frequencies were compared to those of 209 couples and 591 normal individuals as controls. No significant deviations were observed. However, a non significant excess of antigens shared in common by both parents was shown in comparison with the normal couples. This could be related to a possible dispermy mechanism. On the other hand, a slight excess of A 28 may be in relation to a possible anomaly of gametogenesis.

Abortion, Spontaneous↗
PubMed1976

Is there evidence for subclasses of chronic lymphocytic leukemia? A study using numerical classification techniques.

Various clinical and biological parameters were analysed among 95 chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients by two numerical classification techniques in an attempt to identify natural subdivisions in the disease. For each patient, a profile made up of 47 dichotomous variables was constructed and the distance between profiles computed with equal weight for each variable. No specific cluster of patients was identified by these techniques. However limited availability of data for some laboratory tests, particularly concerning the immune system, meant that these results had to be excluded from analysis. The profiles of patients who died from leukemia during a mean follow up period of 4 years apparently do not generate a distinct group from the other profiles in spite of some clustering.

Factor Analysis, Statistical↗