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Biomedical subjects

N Koide

Publications and source records attributed to N Koide.

At least 145 records · Page 8Linked to original sources
PubMed1988

Glycosaminoglycans partially substitute for proteoglycans in spheroid formation of adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture.

Adult rat hepatocytes seeded in a noncoated plastic dish containing serum-free medium formed a monolayer within 24 h of culture. Those seeded in a dish coated with a proteoglycan fraction isolated from rat liver reticulin fibers attached to the dish but did not spread within 4 h, and then gradually assembled to form floating spherical aggregates (spheroids) with a diameter of 120 +/- 40 micron, within 72 h. The proteoglycan fraction appeared to contain dermatan sulfate, heparan sulfate and an unidentified glycosaminoglycan in its glycan moieties by glycosaminoglycan analysis after pronase digestion and high molecular weight proteoglycan molecules (mw: over 300,000 and about 200,000) by SDS-PAGE analysis. Cells seeded in dishes coated with these defined glycosaminoglycans and heparin assembled to form hemispheroids and multilayer islands, but not floating spheroids, within 72 h of culture. Dermatan sulfate had a stronger ability to induce hemispheroids than heparan sulfate or heparin. As the hemispheroid and multilayer islands were the intermediate form between monolayer and floating spheroids, the glycosaminoglycan moieties of the proteoglycan fraction were thought to participate in the formation of spheroid.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

Keratomalacia in a child with familial hypo-retinol-binding proteinemia.

Retinol-binding protein (RBP) is a plasma protein with a molecular weight of 21,000 synthesized in the hepatocytes, binding with retinol (vitamin A), and transporting retinol to peripheral tissues. Keratomalacia is caused by a deficiency of vitamin A itself and/or protein-calorie malnutrition. In the latter condition, production of RBP is inhibited. We report herein familial hypo-retinol-binding proteinemia in a child aged 19 months who developed keratomalacia during measles infection in spite of good nourishment. To the best of our knowledge this is the first description of such a case. The patient, her sister and mother showed persistent low levels, about half the normal levels, of retinol and RBP which were unresponsive to oral vitamin A and protein-rich diet. They had normal liver function tests, normal serum levels of other proteins and fat-soluble vitamins and lipids. This hypo-retinol-binding proteinemia was thought to predispose the child to develop keratomalacia during measles. Family members would be heterozygous with one normal RBP gene and one defective RBP gene.

Child↗
PubMed1987

Blood type compatibility of lower vertebrates: phylogenetic diversity in blood transfusion between fish species.

Bidirectional transfusion was investigated using phylogenetically different fish species, including twelve from ten genera. Three different modalities were used: long-lasting persistence when rainbow trout received allogenic erythrocytes, slow rejection when rainbow trout received heterogenic erythrocytes (salmon) and acute rejection after receiving xenogenic erythrocytes (goldfish, carp and Tilapia). Changes were measured in serum using transfused erythrocytes and hemolytic assays. The responses were species specific for large taxonomic fish groups characteristic of their phylogenetic interrelations. Findings concerning the evolution of compatibility of fish blood types, in view of the taxonomy and phylogeny of vertebrates, are interesting since phylogenetic diversity in transfusion demonstrates that erythrocyte types and serum types exist even in lower vertebrates.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Immune complex containing herpesvirus antigen in a patient with acute retinal necrosis.

A 21-year-old man with acute retinal necrosis showed a marked increase in the convalescent titer to herpes simplex type 1 virus, especially in the aqueous humor obtained by anterior chamber paracentesis. Using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, we tried to detect the herpesvirus antigen in the circulating immune complex obtained from this patient. The immune complex contained an antigen or antigens that reacted with antiherpes simplex type 1 antibody.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Decreased plasma fibronectin in liver diseases correlated to the severity of fibrotic, inflammatory and necrotic changes of liver tissue.

We applied a modified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the measurement of human plasma fibronectin and determined the level of plasma fibronectin in 90 patients with various liver diseases and 10 normal subjects. Diagnoses were made by liver biopsy under peritoneoscopy. Plasma fibronectin was significantly decreased in liver cirrhosis patients, but not in acute hepatitis or chronic hepatitis patients. Decreased plasma fibronectin was correlated poorly with 18 laboratory tests, including liver function tests, and inflammatory marker determinations performed prior to peritoneoscopy. A correlation was found between the decreased plasma fibronectin and the severity of fibrotic, inflammatory and necrotic changes of the liver. These results suggested that the level of plasma fibronectin may reflect the severity of tissue injury resulting from chronic liver diseases.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1986

Increased urine level of amino-terminal peptide derivatives of type III procollagen in patients with liver diseases.

The amino-terminal peptides of type III procollagen (PIIIP) in the urine of 40 patients with various liver diseases were determined with a commercial radioimmunoassay kit. The level of urinary PIIIP (uPIIIP) was correlated well with serum PIIIP (sPIIIP) in 9 patients, the coefficient of correlation being r = 0.836 (p less than 0.01) and the regression line being y = 1.42x + 24. Urinary PIIIP consisted of at least 4 different molecular species with molecular weights of 49 k, 18 k, 10 k and 4.6 k as estimated by column chromatography on Sephadex G-100. Furthermore. uPIIIP was found to be significantly elevated in acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatocellular carcinoma and other liver diseases, in which the elevation of sPIIIP has been reported by others. The mean values +/- standard deviations of uPIIIP were 44.0 +/- 32.0, 60.4 +/- 32.0, 62.0 +/- 46.5, 53.0 +/- 27.1 and 48.1 +/- 22.8 ng/ml for the respective liver diseases, and 13.2 +/- 4.5 for the non-hepatic disease group.

Chromatography, Gel↗
PubMed1986

Anti-HBs antibody of normal human subjects predominantly binds 54 K and 60 K dalton HBs polypeptides.

The structure of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBs) recognized by anti-HBs antibody was analyzed by western blotting using anti-HBs sera obtained from normal subjects, from rabbits immunized with purified HBs and commercially available goat serum. The HBs used had 7 components of 24 K, 27 K, 33 K, 36 K, 39 K, 43 K and 67-72 K daltons. Goat anti-HBs serum bound all of these components, while human and rabbit anti-HBs sera bound only two components (60 K and 54 K daltons), which were hardly visible in the gel even by silver staining. Mixing the 24 K and 27 K components, and the 24 K and 43 K components without reducing reagent produced several polymerized forms of HBs components including 60 K and 54 K polypeptides, which were recognized by anti-HBs rabbit serum. Other combinations of HBs components did not yield any new polymeric forms. Thus, it was concluded that the formation of anti-HBs antibody in normal subjects might predominantly require an antigenic structure of polymeric forms of specific combinations of HBs polypeptides, other than previously known antigenic determinants.

Animals↗
PubMed1986

Immunological studies of uveitis. 1. Immune complex containing herpes virus antigens in four patients with acute retinal necrosis syndrome.

Four patients with acute retinal necrosis syndrome were examined. Three of them showed elevated antibody titers to varicella-zoster virus during the convalescent stage, while one of them showed an elevated titer to herpes simplex virus type 1, especially in the intraocular fluid. Also, these patients had an elevated circulating immune complex in the acute phase. Western blotting demonstrated that the immune complexes contained varicella-zoster or herpes simplex type 1 antigen, corresponding to the elevated antibody titer to either virus.

Antigen-Antibody Complex↗
PubMed1986

Immunological studies of uveitis. 2. Immune complex containing retinal S antigen in patient with chronic intractable uveitis.

A case of chronic uveitis resistant to steroid treatment was reported where plasma exchange therapy, in contrast, had a remarkable effect on reducing the cystoid macular edema and retinal phlebitis. The removed plasma showed an elevated level of immune complex, and Western blotting demonstrated that this immune complex in the plasma contained retinal S antigen.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Epstein-Barr virus binding to virus-carrying cell lines is enhanced in the presence of C3 and C3d.

The relationship between the receptors for the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and the C3d fragment of complement was investigated at the molecular level. In the presence of cell-bound C3, virus binding was enhanced in EBV genome-carrying lines. An identical effect could be elicited by C3d at one-quarter the weight amount; C3b and methylamine-treated C3 had no effect on virus binding. The minimum concentration of C3 which produced significant enhancement was 25 micrograms/ml. Virus binding increases were observed only after 20 min of complement-cell co-incubation. The response was not noted with EBV-negative lines and was independent of virus strain assayed (B95-8 and P3HR-1). These studies suggest that the binding sites for the two moieties are distinct, although they both involve the same cell surface complex. The two receptors are believed to display cooperativity.

Cell Line↗
PubMed1984

Lack of uptake of indocyanine green and trypan blue by hepatocellular carcinoma.

Experimental hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in rats did not take up intravenously administered indocyanine green (ICG) and trypan blue, while surrounding tissue did. The lack of ICG uptake was also observed by peritoneoscopy in patients with HCC. The contrast between ICG-stained cirrhotic nodules and HCC tumors was intensified with infrared photography. Non-uptake of dyes by HCC cells may enable discrimination between tumors and normal cells.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

Expression of Helix pomatia (HP) haemagglutinin receptors on cytolytic lymphocytes activated in mixed cultures.

The expression of receptors for Helix pomatia (HP) haemagglutinin, a T cell marker, was assayed on human lymphocytes cultivated with K562 or allogeneic lymphocytes. The receptor was detected on the cells after neuraminidase treatment by reactivity with FITC conjugated HP. By affinity chromatography the lymphocyte populations were separated into 3 subsets: (1) a subset which did not attach to the lectin column; (2) and (3) two subsets attaching with different avidities, and therefore eluting with different concentrations of the lectin-binding sugar hapten. The subsets were characterized for T cell markers, HP and E receptors, the B cell marker SIg and also for Fc receptors, and were tested for lytic potential against K562 and allogeneic blasts. A high proportion of HP receptor positive T blasts did not attach to the lectin column, and thus had low avidity HP receptors, confirming that activation of T lymphocytes is accompanied by decreased expression of T markers. The passed fraction which was enriched in blasts had the strongest cytotoxic function, while the fraction rich in cells with high avidity HP receptors and containing mainly small cells, had weak activity. This was true for both the anti-K562 and allospecific activities. Thus the phenotypic characteristics of the cells exerting the two types of lytic function were similar. The distribution of the lytic potential in the three subsets correlated with the presence of E and EA receptor positive blasts.

Cells, Cultured↗