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Biomedical subjects

N Komi

Publications and source records attributed to N Komi.

At least 55 records · Page 3Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

A new method of total parenteral nutrition for surgical neonates: it is possible that cyclic TPN prevents intrahepatic cholestasis.

Cholestasis associated with total parenteral nutrition (TPN) has been reported to be an incidence of 15% to 50% in surgical neonates. This study was designed to prevent the liver dysfunction, especially intrahepatic cholestasis, caused by TPN for surgical neonates. In the last three years, 10 surgical neonates ranged from 1868g to 3500g of birth weight have been treated by cyclic TPN that infuses solutions of TPN and Non-TPN alternately every four hours, because cyclic TPN may reduce an overloading for the liver by the compulsive and continuous TPN. Consequently, no hyperbilirubinemia and abnormal values of the serum transaminases were revealed in these neonates, and good results of nutritional supports were obtained by cyclic TPN. These results suggest that cyclic TPN is useful and safe in nutritional support for neonates, and cyclic TPN is much better than continuous TPN in order to prevent the liver dysfunction.

Alanine Transaminase↗
PubMed1989

[Adjuvant chemotherapy for gastric cancer--the third study. First report: central randomization by telephone method and analysis of patients' background factors].

JFMTC conducted the third adjuvant chemotherapy study for gastric cancer patients after curative surgery from 1982 to 1983. Patients were randomly allocated to one of the three arms by telephone method controlled at the headquarters of the foundation. This method resulted in the marked reduction of ineligible cases (253 cases, 6.0% of 4,236 cases), compared with those in the first study (18.3%). Main reasons of ineligibility were the violation of entry criteria due to the misjudgment of noncancer, duplicate cancers and operative curability. Telephone method for random allocation seems to contribute to the improvement in the data quality of a clinical trial.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Cooperative study of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy of colorectal carcinoma (second study): a preliminary report. Cooperative Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy of Colorectal Cancer in Japan].

In a prospectively randomized study, the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy with mitomycin C (MMC) and tegafur (FT) on survival and recurrence was analyzed in 2,477 evaluable patients with colon or rectal cancer who underwent macroscopically curative resection. Patients (1,256 with colon cancer, 1,221 with rectal cancer) were divided into the treatment group (group A) and the control group (surgical resection only, group B). In group A, chemotherapy consisted of intravenous administration of MMC (12 mg/m2 on operative day, followed by 6 mg/m2/2 months, 6 times) and oral administration of FT (800 mg/day for one year). No serious adverse effects were observed in the treatment group. There was no significant difference between group A and group B in three-year survival rate. The disease-free interval curve in group A of rectal cancer revealed significantly better results than group B (p = 0.044). There was no difference in the incidence of local recurrence at three years after operation between group A and group B. The incidence of metachronous liver metastases in group A of rectal cancer was significantly lower than in group B (p = 0.036).

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

[Cooperative study of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy of colorectal carcinoma (second study): 3-year survival after surgery of non-curatively resected patients. Cooperative Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy of Colorectal Cancer in Japan].

A prospective randomized study was carried out to evaluate the efficacy of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy for non-curatively resected colorectal carcinoma patients as a collaborative study at 428 institutes in Japan from Jan., 1984 to Dec., 1985. A total of 1,138 patients were entered in this study. All patients were divided according to disease location (colon or rectum) and received one of two chemotherapeutic regimens after surgery (Regimen C: MMC 12 mg/m2 i.v. at operation day and 6 mg/m2 in every 2 months +UFT 600 mg/day p.o., D: the same dose of MMC + UFT 400 mg/day p.o.) randomly. 556 cases (colon carcinoma regimen C: 148, D: 185 cases, rectal carcinoma regimen C: 94, D: 129 cases) were evaluable at this presentation. Three-year-survival rate of histologically confirmed non-curatively resected colon carcinoma patients was higher in the group receiving regimen C than in regimen D. But no significant difference was found among the other groups.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1989

Biliary stones and bacteriae in bile study in 211 consecutive cases.

A retrospective study have been performed to investigate the correlation between stone formation and bacteriae in the bile of 211 consecutive biliary stone patients (133 females and 78 males, age ranged 1.3 to 87.0 years old, 196 cholecystolithiasis, 54 choledocholithiasis and 9 hepatolithiasis). They had undergone surgery since January 1980 to December 1987. Bile was collected to perform bacterial culture from the gallbladder and common bile duct during operation and all stones had been classified according to morphology after surgery and confirmed with component analysis if necessary. Totally 5115 stones had been collected and 20.4% had been classified as pure cholesterol stone, 16.8% as combination stone, 17.2% as mixed stone, 23.6% as calcium bilirubinate stone, 17.6% as black stone, 0.8% as calcium fatty acid stone and 3.6% as unknown. In bile culture, 84 from the gallbladder and 31 from the common bile duct were positive. Streptococci were the most frequent and followed by Klebsiella, Escherichia coli and so on. A higher incidence of positive culture was shown in calcium bilirubinate and lower incidence was shown in cholesterol stones. These results suggest that bacteriae in the bile may play a role in the formation of pigment biliary stones.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1988

Congenital arteriovenous fistula of the superior mesenteric vessels.

Arteriovenous (AV) fistula of the mesenteric vessel is a rare lesion and is most often iatrogenic or traumatic in origin. An infant boy with congenital superior mesenteric AV fistula is described. The present case is the first reported in a newborn.

Arteriovenous Malformations↗
PubMed1988

Mechanism of stimulation of DNA synthesis induced by epinephrine in primary culture of adult rat hepatocytes.

Addition of epinephrine to primary cultured adult rat hepatocytes stimulated their DNA synthesis dose-dependently, especially in presence of insulin and epidermal growth factor. This effect of epinephrine was strongly inhibited by an alpha 1-antagonist, prazosin, but not by a beta-antagonist, propranolol, and was also slightly inhibited by an alpha 2-antagonist, yohinbin. These results indicate that the stimulation of DNA synthesis of hepatocytes by epinephrine is mediated predominantly by an alpha 1-action. 12-o-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) or Ca2+-ionophore A-23187 stimulated DNA synthesis of Swiss 3T3 cells, but did not induce DNA synthesis of hepatocytes either singly or in combination. The fact that pretreatment of hepatocytes with TPA caused down-regulation of the stimulatory effect of epinephrine on DNA synthesis of hepatocytes within 15 min suggested that the effect of epinephrine on hepatocytes is mediated by its alpha 1 receptor and that TPA activated protein kinase c in the hepatocytes. Addition of dibutyryl cGMP did not induce DNA synthesis of hepatocytes. Therefore, the alpha 1-action of epinephrine that induce stimulation of DNA synthesis of primary cultured adult rat hepatocytes was apparently not mediated by either activation of phospholipid-dependent protein kinase or Ca2+ mobilization. Possible alternative mechanism was discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1988

[Effects of cholecystokinin-octapeptide and tetragastrin on the contractile activities of the stomach, duodenum and papilla of Vater].

Effects of cholecystokinin-octapeptide (CCK-OP) and tetragastrin (TG) on the stomach, duodenum and papilla of Vater were examined using 13 adult dogs. The contractile activities of the stomach and duodenum were examined using the strain gage, and the manometric study of the papilla of Vater was also performed. CCK-OP increased the contractile activities of the stomach and duodenum, but at the same time the pressure of the papilla of Vater was decreased. TG increased the contractile activities of the stomach, but decreased that of the duodenum and the pressure of papilla of Vater. CCK-OP lowered the pressure of the common bile duct, and that fall corresponded with the disappearance of the phasic contraction of the papilla of Vater. We concluded that the contractile activity of the papilla of Vater was independent of the contractile activity of the duodenum, and the most effective drainage of the bile was achieved at the time of the disappearance of the phasic contraction of the papilla of Vater.

Ampulla of Vater↗
PubMed1988

[Attempted marrow rescue with cryopreserved circulating stem cells following high-dose chemotherapy].

Circulating hematopoietic stem cells were collected by three consecutive leukaphereses during post-chemotherapy expansion of the stem cell pool in a 3-year-old boy with advanced and therapy-resistant neuroblastoma. The cells were fractionated by discontinuous Percoll gradient centrifugation, frozen in a programmed freezer and then stored in liquid nitrogen. Following high-dose chemotherapy, the cells were thawed rapidly and re-infused into the patient. Early evidence of marrow recovery was first noted at day 13 and the times required to achieve a granulocyte count of greater than 0.5 x 10(9)/L and a platelet count of greater than 50 x 10(9)/L were 21 days and 30 days, respectively. This new marrow-rescue operation may have potential in cancer therapy as an alternative to bone marrow transplantation and further clinical investigation is warranted.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1988

[A cooperative study of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy of colorectal cancer (second report): 3-year survival rate. Cooperative Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy of Colorectal Cancer in Japan].

To evaluate the efficacy of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy for patients with curatively resected colorectal cancer (excluding m and sm cancer), a randomized controlled study was performed from January 1982 to October 1983. The schedules for drug administration were different in four districts, and four randomly assigned protocols were studied using tegafur (FT), ACNU, MMC and ADM. A total of 4,906 cases from 491 institutions were entered and 4,206 cases were varied for the study. There were no significant differences in 3-year survival rate in each district protocol. According to Dukes C for rectal cancer patients, ADM + FT group was higher than the FT only group in 3-year survival rate (p = 0.092) and had a significantly longer survival than FT only group in 3-year disease-free rate (p = 0.011). The rate of local recidivation in colon cancer resected curatively was higher in ACNU + FT group than in FT only group (p less than 0.05). A tendency for decreased liver metastasis was observed in FT group compared with the control group, and liver metastasis of ADM + FT group was lower than that of FT only group. No serious adverse effects were observed in any protocol.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1987

[Cooperative study of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy of colorectal cancer (first report): Investigation of background factors and adverse effects. Cooperative Study Group of Surgical Adjuvant Chemotherapy of Colorectal Cancer in Japan].

In order to evaluate the efficacy of surgical adjuvant chemotherapy in patients undergoing gross curative resection for colorectal cancer (excluding m and sm cancer), a randomized controlled study was conducted from January, 1982 to October, 1983. Four hundred and ninety-one institutions participated in this study. The schedules for drug administration differed according to each district. In the Hokkaido and Shikoku districts, the patients were divided into the following two groups, one was a combination of ACNU and Futraful (FT) and the other was FT only. In the Chubu and Kinki districts, three groups were studied, namely those receiving a combination of ACNU and FT, those receiving FT only and those given no adjuvant chemotherapy. In the Tohoku and Kanto districts, a combination of MMC and FT and administration of FT only were studied. In the Chugoku and Kyushu districts, the patients were divided into a combination of ADM and FT, and FT only group. Among the 3,926 registered cases, 3,421 cases were valid for the study. As to the background factors, there were no significant differences among the groups in each district. There were no significant differences in one-year survival rates and one-year disease-free rates. No serious adverse effects were observed in any of the groups.

Alopecia↗