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Biomedical subjects

N Komi

Publications and source records attributed to N Komi.

At least 73 records · Page 4Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Relation of patient age to premalignant alterations in choledochal cyst epithelium: histochemical and immunohistochemical studies.

Forty patients with choledochal cysts, 17 children and 23 adults, were treated by cyst excision in this institution (1972 to 1982). Histochemical and immunohistochemical studies were performed on tissue from the walls of these 40 cysts. The type and degree of histologic changes observed were found to correlate with patient age at time of cyst excision. Specimens from four patients less than two years of age at time of excision revealed epithelial desquamation, fibrosis, and minimal evidence of inflammation. Among specimens from 13 patients, 4 to 15 years of age, only two had an intact epithelial lining. Marked inflammation and intramural glandular structures were observed. Specimens from 23 patients, more than 15 years of age at the time of cyst excision, showed marked acute or chronic inflammation and destruction of the epithelial lining. In this age group, intramural glandular structures with goblet and argyrophil cells were regularly observed within the cyst walls, and gastrin and somatostatin-like immunoreactivity was detected in cells of these metaplastic glands. In association with these changes, in five of the 23 patients in the oldest age group, adenocarcinomas were observed in the cyst walls. These studies establish the increasing rate of epithelial metaplasia in the walls of choledochal cysts with advancing age, and suggest that these changes are a continuing process with malignancy one of the end results.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1985

Histochemical and immunohistochemical studies on development of biliary carcinoma in forty-seven patients with choledochal cyst--special reference to intestinal metaplasia in the biliary duct.

Histochemical and immunohistochemical studies on 47 consecutive specimens excised for choledochal cyst were performed to clarify possible metaplastic changes of the biliary duct in relation to carcinogenesis. An anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system was observed in all 39 cases examined. Among the 47 patients, 5 (10.6 per cent) had biliary carcinoma. 27.3 per cent mucous gland, 13.0 per cent goblet cell and 9.5 per cent argyrophil cell in 23 children. On the other hand, 81.8 per cent exhibited mucous gland, 41.7 per cent goblet cell and 27.3 per cent argyrophil cell in 24 adults. These metaplastic changes seemed to be an intestinal metaplasia and increased with age. Immunoreactive-gastrin or -somatostatin were evident immunohistochemically in 4 adults. These findings confirmed that intestinal metaplasia may develop in the biliary duct in cases of choledochal cyst. Although direct evidence between intestinal metaplasia and the development of biliary carcinoma was not found, reflux and stasis of pancreatic enzymes in the biliary duct may relate to the development of intestinal metaplasia and be an important factor related to the carcinogenesis of choledochal cyst.

Adenoma, Bile Duct↗
PubMed1985

Studies on the effects of various types of surgery on electrical and contractile activities of the canine stomach.

In order to clarify the gastric electrical and contractile activity after various types of surgery, 32 mongrel dogs equipped with bipolar electrodes on the anterior wall of the stomach underwent various types of operations. The basic electric rhythm (BER) frequency after middle segmental gastrectomy (MSG) with SPV was markedly reduced, but gradually returned to show synchronization with that of the preoperative value. The propagation velocity of the BER decreased. Dysrhythmias were observed to occur in high incidence in the early postoperative period, but were transient occurrences. High-frequency-dysrhythmias were observed in cases of MSG with pyloroplasty (PP). PP increased the frequency of dysrhythmias probably due to deranging the electric insulator of the pyloric ring. In cases of upper segmental gastrectomy, the BER frequency didn't synchronize with that of the preoperative state even in the late postoperative period. The gastric motility after MSG with SPV recovered in the late postoperative period, so the pyloric ring could be preserved. After massive distal small bowel resection, propagation velocity of the BER of the stomach were markedly decreased. Of the 5 gut hormones examined, only CCK correlated with the propagation velocity of the BER.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

[Morbidity and treatment in the anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system].

A nationwide survey of cases of congenital dilatation of the biliary duct was conducted to obtain the data on cases of congenital dilation of the biliary duct in Japan between 1972 and 1982. A total of 645 cases were surveyed. An anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system (AAPABIDS) was associated with congenital dilatation of the biliary duct in 90.2% of the cases examined extensively. These cases and 62 cases that were collected in our hospital during the period from 1963 to 1984 were chosen as the subject of this study. The results may be summarized as follows: Various factors which affect the sphincter of Oddi are needed for the clinical manifestations of AAPABIDS. The incidence of biliary carcinoma increases with age, in parallel with that of intestinal metaplasia in cases of congenital dilatation of the biliary duct. These findings suggest that intestinal metaplasia may be one of the important factors in the development of biliary carcinoma. From the view points of timing and indication of surgery, it is necessary to cut off reflux of pancreatic juice into the biliary duct and remove the portion in which bile is stagnant prior to the development of serious complications.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Nationwide survey of cases of choledochal cyst. Analysis of coexistent anomalies, complications and surgical treatment in 645 cases.

A nationwide survey of cases of choledochal cyst was conducted to obtain the data on cases of choledochal cyst in Japan between 1972 and 1982. A total of 645 cases in 73 institutions, including 52 cases from this hospital, were surveyed. Choledochal cyst was associated with an anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system in 90.2% of the cases which were examined extensively. The serum amylase level was elevated in 26.6% of the cases. Calculus disease of the biliary duct was recognized in 28.5% of the cases. Biliary carcinoma developed in 54 (8.4%) of 645 cases. The incidences of biliary carcinoma were 0.3% (1/306) in cases in children and 15.6% (53/339) in adult cases; carcinoma was found in the wall of the choledochus in 30, and in the gallbladder in 16 of these 54 cases. The nationwide survey showed that an anomalous arrangement of the pancreaticobiliary ductal system was closely associated with choledochal cyst and that cases of biliary carcinoma developed with the advance of age. Therefore, early resection of the cyst wall and reconstruction of the biliary duct is proposed as suitable surgical treatment for stopping reflux of pancreatic juice into the biliary duct.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

[Case of metastatic malignant melanoma responded to combination chemotherapy with DTIC].

A 60-year old woman with metastatic malignant melanoma who was well responded to a combination chemotherapy including DTIC was reported. She was noted a lentigo in the left first toe and histological examination revealed malignant melanoma in October 1978. Amputation of the left lower leg and dissection of the left inguinal lymph nodes had been done. OK-432 was injected as postoperative immunotherapy. She was readmitted to our hospital with the symptoms of pain and numbness of the left arm. Physical examination revealed a palpable mass in the left supraclavicular region. Incisional biopsy of the supraclavicular mass revealed metastatic malignant melanoma. She received a combination of 100mg DTIC i.v. for 5 days, 100 mg ACNU i.v. for one day and 1 mg VCR i.v. for one day (DAV chemotherapy) postoperatively. Subcutaneous injection of OK-432 with the dose of 5 KE per week was continued. Major side effects of DAV chemotherapy were nausea and transient leukocytopenia. No serious side effects were observed. On completion of the first course of DAV chemotherapy, abnormal shadow of the left apex was completely disappeared and on completion of the third course of DAV chemotherapy, high density area was markedly decreased in the cervical CT. She gained symptomatic reliefs and was discharged in August 1983. The combination chemotherapy including DTIC appeared to be effective in the treatment of metastatic malignant melanoma.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed1982

[Clinical trial of UFT in recurrent or advanced cancer].

UFT, antitumor agent containing uracil and futraful (FT-207), was given orally to 14 patients with recurrent or advanced carcinomas (6 gastric, 5 colorectal and 3 other carcinomas) and the clinical effects were evaluated. One PR (partial response) 1 NC (no change) and 9 PD(progressive disease) were obtained among 11 evaluable patients. Response rate was 9.1% (1/11), and overall response rate was 14.3% (2/14). According to Karnofsky's criteria, 2 responders (better than I-A) were obtained and response rate was 15.4% (2/13).

Adult↗
PubMed1980

An experimental study on gastroschisis using fetal surgery.

Gastroschisis models were successfully created in three groups of fetal rabbits by means of fetal surgery. Anatomical and pathologic assessments were carried out on the neonates that had experimental gastroschisis. In group I surgery was performed on the fetuses of 21 days gestational age; in group II on the fetuses of 23 days; and in group III on the fetuses of 26 days, respectively. Five cases of experimental gastroschisis were made in each group. The body weights of those with gastroschisis were low as compared with those of normal neonates. Intestinal length decreased and wall thickness increased as the result of 5--10 days evisceration. Abdominal cavity decreased in volume in all cases and could not accommodate the eviscerated organs. The number and density of distal mesenteric vessels (vasa recta) was high in the shortened intestine in gastroschisis models. Therefore it can be reasonably assumed that the intestine is only contracted and the possibility of return to normal length remains.

Abdominal Muscles↗
PubMed1979

[Electrical pacing in the gastroduodenal junction area of conscious dogs (author's transl)].

To determine whether the electric activities of the stomach and duodenum are related, the gastroduodenal junction area of the stomach of dogs was paced through implanted bipolar silver electrodes. It was found that the pacing rate of the basic electrical rhythm (BER) in the antrum of the stomach could be increased to a maximum of 8.9 cycles/min, without affecting the BER frequency in the duodenum. Conversely when the pacing rate of the BER in the duodenum was increased to a maximum of 24 cycles/min, the BER frequency in the antrum remained unaffected. These results show that the BER in the stomach and duodenum are independent, and imply that the BER cycles in the stomach and duodenum are due to the presence of two independent pace-maker areas.

Animals↗