PubMed Health⌕ Search

Biomedical subjects

N Léger

Publications and source records attributed to N Léger.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2006

[Chinius barbazani n. sp. from Thailand (Diptera: Psychodidae)].

A new species of sandfly is described from limestone caves in Thailand. The inclusion of this species in the genus Chinius, which up until now was monospecific, is discussed. It is justified on the basis of characteristics of the head (eyes, pharynx, cibarium, complete interocular suture and length of the mouth pieces), thorax (rounded wings), abdomen (presence of trumpet glands on the tergites 4 and 5 of the male) and genitalia (morphology of the male genitalia and of the spermathecae in the female). Detailed descriptions and drawings are given. The wing of C. barbazani n. sp. lacks of vein R2 in both sexes. This anomaly, regarding to Phlebotominae, is discussed and considered as a probable autapomorphic regression. The differential diagnosis with Chinius junlianensis Leng, 1987, rests on a number of characteristics of the wing venation, antennal formula and the length of the male and female genital ducts, which are five times shorter in C. barbazani n. sp.

Animals↗
PubMed2005

[Phlebotomine sandflies from Madagascar (Diptera: Psychodidae). IV--Description of Sergentomyia (Rondanomyia) goodmani n. sp. Reinstatement of the subgenus Rondanomyia Theodor].

This work is the fourth related to species recently described from Madagascar. The authors describe Sergentomyia goodmani on females and males. The female has tubular spermathecae with internal spines. It has an aspect, in Canada balsam, of transversally striped spermatheca, without being completely segmented. The spermathecal ducts share a proximal common part. The pharynx is narrow. The cibarial armature is comb-like. Based on these characters, the authors consider that S. goodmani belongs to the subgenus Rondanomyia. They reinstate this subgenus and consider Neophlebotomus sensu Lewis, 1977 as invalid. Considering Grassomyia as a genus, this is the first record of Sergentomyia in Madagascar.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Phlebotomus from Madagascar (Diptera: Psychodidae). II--Description of the female Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) fertei Depaquit, Léger & Robert, 2002; description of the male and new data for the female Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) berentiensis (Léger & Rodhain, 1978) comb. nov].

The female of Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) fertei Depaquit, Léger & Robert, 2002 is described from Madagascar. The spermathecae have separated ducts, a body with an enlarged-sclerified dilatation and a deriviated large bladder with thin walls and long head. P. fertei female has the following characters: long antennal segments, pharyngeal armature with small teeth and cibarium with 15 to 30 denticles, and very long legs. Its remarkable spermatheca is closely related to that of P. berentiensis. The status of P. (Anaphlebotomus) berentiensis (Léger & Rodhain, 1978) is revised into this paper. The female is redescribed and the male is described for the first time. The latter has an unusual antennal formula (2/III-XII), a cibarium with four teeth and about 30 denticles, no tuft of setae on the coxite, four spines on the style, including a very long proximal one. Males and females were linked to each other based on morphological and molecular characteristics (second internal transcribed spacer of the ribosomal DNA and ND4 gene of the mitochondrial DNA). The inclusion of these taxa into the subgenus Anaphlebotomus Theodor, 1948 is exclusively based on male characters as listed by Theodor (style with four spines, no basal lobe on the coxite, paramere with two or three branches). The very heterogeneous characters of the females do not allow their use for the definition of this subgenus, which is probably not homogeneous.

Animals↗
PubMed2004

[Phlebotomus from Madagascar (Diptera: Psychodidae). III--Description of Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) fontenillei n. sp].

The male of Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) fontenillei n. sp. is described from Namoroka area (Madagascar). Its belongs to the subgenus Anaphlebotomus: style with four spines, coxite without basal process and paramere with two branches. It shares with P. berentiensis an original and exclusive antennal formula: 2/III-XII which distinguishes them from P. fertei. P. fontenillei n. sp. differs mainly from P. berentiensis by about 40 setae in tuft on the ventral face of the coxite, the length of the genital ducts and the position of the spines on the style. Sequence of the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) is very informative: the male of P. fontenillei n. sp. cannot be linked to the female of P. huberti (male unknown) regarding the size of amplified DNA fragment (459 bp versus 600 respectively) and the high degree of variability. There are few differences (10 mutations) between the sequences of P. fontenillei n. sp. and P. berentiensis which are closely related species.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

[Sandflies of Lebanon: faunistic inventory].

An entomological study was made in order to complete the epidemiological data on leishmaniasis in Lebanon. 19 species of sandflies (13 of the genus Phlebotomus and six of the genus Sergentomyia) were found. The list includes a recently described species of the Synphlebotomus subgenus (P. saltiae) and eight other species mentioned for the first time in Lebanon: P. neglectus, P. brevis, P. langeroni, P. balcanicus, S. fallax, S. taizi, S. tiberiadis and S. christophersi. Ecological records of each species and its possible involvement in Leishmania transmission are discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed2003

Failure of an ointment based on IR3535 (ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate) to prevent an outbreak of cercarial dermatitis during swimming races across Lake Annecy, France.

Cercarial dermatitis, a re-emerging disease world-wide, may affect those engaged in water sports. Many of those who swim in the annual cross-lake races at Annecy in France, for example, develop such dermatitis. In an attempt to see whether ethyl butylacetylaminopropionate (IR3535) would protect swimmers from the dermatitis, the exposed skin on the right side of each of 78 participants in the cross-lake races of 2001 was treated with IR3535-based ointment. When contacted by telephone during the week following the races, 64 (82%) of the subjects reported that they had developed cercarial dermatitis. Subjects with a past history of cercarial dermatitis were more likely to report an attack in 2001 than those who said that they had never had such dermatitis prior to 2001 (P=0.001). The skin lesions were scattered all over the body in 89% of the cases and limited to the left side of the body in 11%. Of the 63 cases who reported time of onset, 32 (51%) had noticed lesions within an hour of the race. The mean duration of clinical manifestations was 4.8 days (range=30 min-18 days). The clinical manifestations were significantly more severe in the subjects aged >16 years than in the younger subjects, although these two age-groups swam in separate races. Thirty-one of the affected subjects attempted to cure their dermatitis, using any of five different treatments. Overall, the results were disappointing, with the IR3535-based ointment, which had initially been developed as an insect repellent, appearing to offer little, if any, protection against cercarial dermatitis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2002

[First record of Phlebotomus from Madagascar (Diptera: Psychodidae). Description of Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) fertei n. sp. and Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) huberti n. sp].

First record of Phlebotomine sandflies belonging to the genus Phlebotomus from Madagascar. Description of two new species: Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) fertei n. sp. from three males and Phlebotomus (Anaphlebotomus) huberti n. sp. from two females. Their belonging to the subgenus Anaphlebotomus is supported by several characters. Male have four spines on the style, a coxite without basal tubercle, a paramere with two branches, one to three antero-inferior setae on the mesanepisternum. Female, closely related to the Asiatic species of the same subgenus, has a characteristic pharyngeal armature, about ten cibarial teeth, and annealing spermathecae with long ducts including a short basal common part. These two taxa differ by variation in the second internal transcribed spacer (ITS2) of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA). At the present time, the subgenus Anaphlebotomus includes six species (excluding P. fortunatarum from it), completing the known species from Africa (P. rodhaini and P. rousettus) and from Asia (P. stantoni and P. colabaensis).

Animals↗
PubMed2001

[Phlebotomines of the Isle of Cyprus. III. Species inventory ].

Three surveys on canine leishmaniasis were carried out in Cyprus (1993, 1998 and 1999) emphasise the presence of eleven species of phlebotomine sandflies: Phlebotomus (Phlebotomus) papatasi, P. (Paraphlebotomus) alexandri, P. (Pa.) jacusieli (first mention in Cyprus), P. (Pa.) sergenti, P. (Larroussius) galilaeus, P. (L.) tobbi, P. (Transphlebotomus) economidesi, P. (T.) mascittii, Sergentomyia (Sergentomyia) azizi (its specific statute is validated by the authors), S. (S.) fallax et S. (S.) minuta. P. (Adlerius) kyreniae was not caught during the surveys. The authors propose hypothesis of settlement of the island by phlebotomine sandflies according this species inventory. A first migration period took probably place during the Miocene time and a second one during the Pleistocene time.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Status and origin of Haemonchinae (Nematoda: Trichostrongylidae) in deer: a survey conducted in France from 1985 to 1998.

During our investigations on helminthofauna in roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) and red deer (Cervus elaphus) in France (1985-1998) we isolated nematodes not only of the genus Haemonchus Cobb, 1898 but also of the genus Ashworthius Le Roux 1930, both of which belong to the same subfamily of Haemonchinae. The prevalence of Ashworthius was 22% (65/294) in roe deer and 40% (10/25) in red deer. H. contortus was not found in red deer, whereas its prevalence was only 3% (9/294) in roe deer. These data contrast with those observed in other European countries. The presence of A. sidemi in red and roe deers in France suggests a case of parasitism imported via sika deer. A hypothesis of their spread is proposed.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

Molecular systematics of the phlebotomine sandflies of the subgenus Paraphlebotomus (diptera, psychodidae, phlebotomus) based on ITS2 rDNA sequences. Hypotheses Of dispersion and speciation.

Phylogenetic Paraphlebotomus relationships are inferred by a study based on the sequences of ITS2, which has been sequenced in nine Paraphlebotomus species: P. alexandri, P. andrejevi, P. jacusieli, P. kazeruni, P. mireillae, P. mongolensis, P. saevus, P. sergenti and P. similis and in two out-groups species of the subgenus Phlebotomus: P. papatasi and P. duboscqi. Paraphlebotomus alexandri appears as the sister group of all other Paraphlebotomus sandflies. Among the other species, three groupings are clearly highlighted: andrejevi and mongolensis; mireillae and saevus; jacusieli, kazeruni, sergenti and similis. These groupings are related to speculations about the migration of Paraphlebotomus from a centre of dispersion located in the Middle East sometime from the early Eocene to the late Miocene.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera-Psychodidae) of the isle of Cyprus. I--Description of Phlebotomus (Transphlebotomus economidesi n. sp].

Description of a new palearctic species from Cyprus: Phlebotomus (Transphlebotomus) economidesi. The deposited holotype is a female because of the particularity of the streaked spermathecae and its non dilated ducts. Four to six spines are implanted on the style of the male, but its differential diagnosis with the closely related species P. mascittii and P. canaaniticus is difficult. The distributions of these Transphlebotomus species are mentioned.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[Phlebotomine sandflies (Diptera-Psychodidae) of the isle of Cyprus. II--Isolation and typing of Leishmania (Leishmania infantum Nicolle, 1908 (zymodeme MON 1) from Phlebotomus (Larroussius) tobbi Adler and Theodor, 1930].

During two surveys conducted in Cyprus (August 1998 and September 1999), 2,910 phlebotomine sandflies females were caught by CDC miniature light traps then dissected under binocular and examined on microscope. Eleven species were identified: Phlebotomus papatasi, P. sergenti, P. jacusieli, P. alexandri, P. tobbi, P. galilaeus, P. mascittii, P. economidesi, Sergentomyia fallax, S. minuta et S. azizi. The Larroussius species (P. galilaeus and P. tobbi) are the most abundant (more than 60% of our captures). Promastigotes were isolated from one specimen identified as P. tobbi. A Leishmania stock was successfully cultured and identified by isoenzyme characterisation as belonging to L. infantum zymodeme MON 1. The same zymodeme was isolated and identified from four dogs too. Because of the absence of usual vectors of L. infantum in the eastern part of the Mediterranean basin (P. neglectus and P. syriacus), and according to its distribution in Cyprus, P. tobbi constitute certainly a good local vector. It seems to be not very anthropophilic, that could explain the very few human cases.

Animals↗
PubMed2000

[The subgenus Paraphlebotomus (Phlebotomus--Phlebotominae-- Psychodidae--Diptera): a review. Morphological and molecular studies].

A systematic review of the subgenus Paraphlebotomus (a group of phlebotomine sandflies which contains several vectors of leishmaniasis) is proposed. In the morphological approach, we study the available types and a lot of sandflies coming from different geographic areas. The taxonomic status of each species is revised. We consider P. marismortui as a synonym of P. alexandri. We suppose that P. mofidii is a valid species. P. similis is clearly differentiated from P. sergenti. A new species is described from North Africa: P. riouxi. We discuss the validity of P. saevus. Two molecular phylogenies based on ribosomal DNA sequences are proposed. The first one used the D2 domain of the 28 S sub-unit. It emphasises a very close relation between the subgenera Paraphlebotomus and Phlebotomus, a likely paraphyly of the genus Phlebotomus and the position of the genera Sergentomyia and Lutzomyia as two sister groups. The second one used the ITS 2. It emphasises the informative capacity of this gene for the resolution of the phylogenetic relations within the subgenera Paraphlebotomus.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Molecular systematics of Phlebotominae: a pilot study. Paraphyly of the genus Phlebotomus].

Phylogenetic relationships among Phlebotominae were inferred through a pilot study using parsimony analysis of the D2 domain of ribosomal DNA sequences: 455 pairs of bases were sequenced in nine species of Phlebotomine sandflies which belong to the genera Lutzomyia, Phlebotomus and Sergentomyia. Two taxa are used as outgroups: Psychoda sp. and Nemapalpus flavus which is the sister group of the Phlebotominae. The South American genus Lutzomyia appears to be monophyletic. The Mediterranean species Sergentomyia dentata is its sister group and is not clustered with the Old World genus Phlebotomus. The latter is a paraphyletic genus with an early individualization of the branch including the closely related subgenera Phlebotomus and Paraphlebotomus, and a late individualization of the subgenus Larroussius. These results have some consequences on the biogeography of the leishmaniasis in the Old World.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[Description of Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) riouxi n. sp. (Diptera:Psychodidae) of northern Africa].

Description of a new palearctic species from Morocco, Tunisia and Spain: Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) riouxi closely related to P. chabaudi. Differential identification with the neighbouring species. The aedeagus of the male is unrecurved, a character which distinguishes P. riouxi from other species with recurved aedeagus and the basal process of the coxite is bigger and more tufted than in P. chabaudi. For female, which has the same spermatheca with a typical terminal ring, the only available character to differentiate from P. chabaudi is the aspect of the armature in the genital atrium.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

[The taxonomic status of Phlebotomus sergenti Parrot, 1917, vector of Leishmania tropica (Wright, 1903) and Phlebotomus similis Perfiliev, 1963 (Diptera - Psychodidae). Morphologic and morphometric approaches. Biogeographical and epidemiological corollaries].

A morphological and morphometrical study of the closely related taxa Phlebotomus (Paraphlebotomus) sergenti et P. (Paraphlebotomus) similis confirms their specific taxonomic status. Differential characters between these two species are discussed. Males differ by the aspect of the basal process of the coxite which is curved and narrow in the first species whereas straight and thick for the latter. The P. similis process is bigger and tuffer and its style is longer than those of P. sergenti. Females differ by the morphology of the armature of the pharynx and by the number of rings of the spermatheca. Distribution areas of these species are described. P. similis is a North-Eastern Mediterranean species (from Yugoslavia to western Turkey and Azerbaïdjan). P. sergenti is present from Canary Islands (Spain) to India. From these data, the settlement of Paraphlebotomus in the Mediterranean basin may have occurred during the Miocene age. From an Asiatic common ancestor, two migration routes are proposed. One, north of the Paratethys Sea, may be responsible for the isolation of P. similis. The other, south of the Paratethys and Tethys Seas, may have contributed to the individualisation of P. sergenti. The authors consider P. similis as a suspected vector of Leishmania tropica.

Animals↗