The data obtained in the clinical and laboratory study of 72 hospitalized patients with acute enteric infection are presented. The observed outbreak was caused by H. alvei producing heat-stable enterotoxin. The role of this etiological agent is also confirmed by simultaneous occurrence of the disease after using the same foodstuff, a short incubation period, the severity of the course of the disease with pronounced symptoms of neurotoxicosis, a high detection rate of H. alvei in material taken from patients at the acute period of the disease, rapid disappearance of this agent in the period of convalescence and a pronounced rise in the titer of specific antibodies to H. alvei in the dynamics of the disease. At the same time in the feces of 8 patients rotavirus antigen was detected, which, in combination with residual catarrhal phenomena, hyperemia and granularity of the pharynx, yellow stool, was indicative of the simultaneous circulation of rotavirus among these patients.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Microbial ecology and the state of the gastrointestinal mucosa in patients with allergic diseases].

Patients with allergic diseases of the skin and the respiratory system were found to have a high rate of disturbances in the microbial ecology of the gastrointestinal tract and the involvement of all its sections into the pathological process. On the mucous membrane of different sections of the digestive tract spiral-like bacteria were detected in a large percentage of cases. The possibility of the fact that the development and maintenance of the allergic process were evidently linked with the detected changes in the microbial ecology and pathomorphological features of the gastrointestinal mucosa could hardly be excluded, which made it necessary to make corrections in the therapeutic process.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Rotavirus infection in a maternity home based on virological and serological study data].

The studies carried out in a maternity house, employing a set of virological and serological methods, revealed the facts of introduction of rotavirus infection into the maternity house, and followed the further spread of the infection. Epidemiological surveys evaluated the sources of infection (parturients, newborns, medical personnel), means of spread of rotavirus infection, and analysed the epidemiological advantages of wards for mother and newborn baby staying together.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Isolation of the human rotavirus in a cell culture of green monkey kidneys].

Properties of a virus isolated from a patient with rotavirus gastroenteritis (the diagnosis verified by direct electron microscopy) were studied. The virus was identified as a rotavirus in tissue culture neutralization and complement fixation tests. It was shown to replicate through a significant number of passages in continuous cell cultures (Vero, RH) as well as in primary cell cultures of human and animal origin (human embryo kidney, green monkey kidney); some features associated with rotavirus propagation are described.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Rapid diagnosis of rotavirus infections by RNA electrophoresis on polyacrylamide gel].

A method of rapid diagnosis of rotavirus infections is described. It is based on the isolation of viral RNA from the feces of patients with viral gastroenteritis and determination of RNA mobility by 6% polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. It was demonstrated that rotavirus infection could be diagnosed after long-term storage of fecal specimens as well. The method is of interest for epidemiological and genetic studies of human rotavirus diseases.

Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Use of the agar diffusion precipitation method for detecting rotavirus antigen].

The possibility of rotavirus detection in feces of patients with acute enteric diseases by the agar gel diffusion (AGD) test was studied. The effectiveness of this method was compared with that of the standard method, direct electron microscopy. Both methods showed good correlation of the results, but the AGD test is methodically much simpler which recommends it for diagnosis of rotavirus infection. Rotavirus-specific hyperimmune calf serum may by used as a serological diagnostic preparation for the detection of human rotavirus antigen.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Organization of interhospital pharmacies in Leningrad].

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Pharmacy Administration↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[Pathomorphology of the large intestinal mucosa in acute infectious colitis].

634 biopsies of distal colon mucosa from 393 patients with acute intestinal bacterial and viral infections were studied histologically, histochemically and morphometrically. Acute catarrhal or catarrhal-hemorrhagic inflammation was found regardless of the colitis etiology (Shigella, Salmonella, Campylobacter, rotavirus). The most pronounced inflammation was in shigellosis and minimal one in rotavirus infection. Marked eosinophilic infiltration of the epithelium and tunica propria was observed in colonic contamination with C. pylori. Correlation analysis between morphometric indices in shigellosis and salmonellosis revealed a decrease in the number of strong functional links and the appearance of new ones indicating morphofunctional derangement.

Acute Disease↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The chemoprophylaxis and chemotherapy of opportunistic infections].

Actual problems of organization and performance of chemoprophylaxis and chemotherapy of surgical opportunistic infections are discussed with an account of the main principles of and new approaches to the use of antibacterial drugs. The analysis of the authors' observations showed that the pre- and postoperative use of parenteral antibacterial drugs such as cephalosporins (cefazolin and ceftriaxone) and their combinations with aminoglycosides, the simultaneous use of beta-lactams and lysozyme, the local application of new ointments based on polyethylenglycol, foaming agents and gentacycol were prophylactically efficient in patients with high risk of surgical infections. Endolymphatic administration of gentamicin and cefotaxime was highly efficient in the treatment and prophylaxis of severe surgical infections with lymphogenous dissemination of the pathogen or its risk. In the prophylaxis of endogenous infections special attention should be paid to the suppression of the opportunistic intestinal microflora by the use of fluorquinolones and selective decontamination followed by the correction of the intestinal microbiocenosis with probiotics (bifidobacteria), lysozyme and immunological lactoglobulins as dosage forms or dry milk biologically active additives to children diet and dietotherapy.

Adjuvants, Immunologic↗

PubMedDate not supplied

[The efficacy of the new bacterial preparation biosporin in treating acute intestinal infections].

The clinico-laboratory study of the new probiotic Biosporin revealed its effectiveness in the treatment of patients with acute enteric infections. The pronounced curative action of the preparation, manifested by the rapid normalization of stool, the disappearance of abdominal pains and the decrease of dysbiosis in the intestine, was demonstrated. The best results were registered after the administration of Biosporin containing 2 x 10(9) microbial cells (Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis). Biosporin was well tolerated by the patients, no side effects were observed. Biosporin is recommended for use in medical practice for the treatment of patients with acute enteric infections.

Acute Disease↗