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Biomedical subjects

N M Ivanova

Publications and source records attributed to N M Ivanova.

At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2001

[Modern prospects for polychemotherapy of solid neoplasms in children].

To improve life quality and to increase survival in children with solid tumors, emphasis is placed on chemotherapeutical treatments along with other existing ones (surgery, radiation). By taking into account the fact that most malignant tumors in children are highly responsive to chemotherapy, programme treatment in children with neoplasms included the new drugs iphosphamide, vepeside, cisplatin, carboplatin, melfalan, bleomycin. The results of therapy with these drugs alone or in combination with well-known effective anthracycline antibiotics and plant preparations are presented. Whether more rigid modified schemes for administration and increment of dosage can be used is shown. This investigation opens new vistas for treating patients with not only localized, but disseminated forms of tumors, such as nephroblastomas, germinogenic tumors, soft tissue tumors, tumors of the bone, head, and neck. Regular assessment of the existing programmes in order to amend them, the use of new drugs, the increase of dosage and administration regimens enhance promises in treating malignant tumors in children.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗
PubMed2000

[Ultrasound tomography in diagnosis of malignant soft tissue tumors in children].

Ultrasound findings of 50 children with soft tissue sarcomas of the trunk and limbs were analyzed. There was a high proportion of diagnostic errors (62%), which resulted in the choice of adequate therapeutical measures at early stages of therapy and in advanced disease. The reasons of the errors were as follows: nonspecificity of the first clinical manifestations of soft tissue sarcomas; ignorance of instrumental studies that establishes a diagnosis in time; outpatient physicians' unconcern of cancer, misunderstanding of the nontumor nature of disease; no scientifically grounded algorithm of studies. Echographic signs that characterize malignancy, their changes over a therapy, ultrasound pattern due to posttherapeutical changes are considered.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Some indices of gastrointestinal tract status in children cured fro malignant neoplasms].

A total of 2255 individuals who cured from oncological diseases in childhood in Moscow in 1978 to 1997 have been studied. Most (60%) children undergone special treatment have serious visceral abnormalities. The authors examined the negative impact of a special treatment on the gastrointestinal mucosa and changes in its function after termination of special therapy in 79 cured patients. The most common diagnosed abnormalities included biliary dyskinesis (17-20%), dysbacterioris (16%), gastritis (7%). No abnormal gastrointestinal changes were detected in 37%.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[ES-IPO-97 treatment protocol for prognostically poor Ewing's sarcoma forms in children: results of implementation].

The paper shows the high efficiency and moderate toxicity of inductive treatment in children with Young sarcoma and primitive neuroectodermal tumors by ES-Ipo-97 protocol that includes alternate chemotherapy by the scheme: vincristine, 1.5 mg/m2/day, on days 1, 8, 15; adriamycin, 37.5 mg/m2/day, on days 1 and 2 as 24-hour infusion; cyclophosphanum, 2.1 g/m2/day, on days 1 and 2 (Block A); iphosphamide, 2.4 g/m2/day on days 1 to 5, etoposide, 100 mg/m2/day, on days 1-5 (Block B). It provides evidence for that this therapy is promising and awaits further developments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Radiologic diagnosis of malignant tumors of the pelvic bones in children].

An analysis of the data on radiodiagnosis of malignancies of pelvic bones in 50 patients, aged 10-15, is presented. Diagnosis was morphologically confirmed in all the cases: Ewing's sarcoma (41)--82%, primitive neuroectodermal tumor (6)--12% and chondrosarcoma (3)--6%. The leading clinical syndrome was pain in the loin. The significantly most frequent site was the iliac bone. X-ray imaging of tumor site and adjacent areas using standard direct, lateral and oblique projections, ultrasonography, X-ray contrast tomography, radioisotope examination, puncture and open biopsy (when indicated) proved useful.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2000

[Diagnosis and therapy of rhabdomyosarcoma in children].

An analysis of 24-month relapse-free survival in 62 patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (S.I.O.P.-89) is presented. All children with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) stage I have survived; stage II--90, and stage III--62%, i.e. twice as many as compared with those treated before 1993. RMS sites included retroperitoneal space, spatium perinei, urinary bladder, testicle, abdominal and thoracic cavity. Diagnosis was based on clinical, instrumental, laboratory, X-ray, radionuclide, ultrasound and morphological data. Recommendations for examination of RMS suspects were worked out for different levels of expertise.

Child↗
PubMed1997

[Preliminary results of treatment of solid tumors in children with non-standard radiotherapy].

The efficacy and toxicity-related results of non-standard irradiation used in the combined treatment of 129 children with solid tumors were evaluated in 1986-1993. Immediate response (complete or partial regression) was registered in 89.3% of cases of sarcoma of Ewing, 76.8%--rhabdomyosarcoma and 76.7%--other tumors. Local recurrence was observed in 4 and late-onset complication of radiation injury in 10 patients. The actuarial 5-year survival was 54.3, 52.1 and 41.2% in Ewing sarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma and other tumor groups, respectively.

Actuarial Analysis↗
PubMed1996

[Proteolytic enzymes from Streptomyces fradiae: a metalloendopeptidase, subtilisin-like, and trypsin-like proteinases].

Three proteolytic enzymes-the metalloproteinase, SFMP, and two serine proteinases, SFSP and SFTP-have been isolated and purified from the culture fluid of Streptomyces fradiae using chromatography on bacitracin-silochrome, bacitracin-Sepharose, DEAE-cellulose and fractionation by ammonium sulfate. Study of physico-chemical and functional properties of the enzymes and structural analysis revealed that SFMP is a cysteine-containing metalloendopeptidase with M(r) of 36 kDa, has a peak activity for synthetic substrates at pH 7.0-7.5 and at 60-65 degrees C and is stable at pH 7.0-9.0. The serine proteinase SFSP is related to subtilisin-like enzymes, has a M(r) of 29 kDa and a pH optimum at 7.5-8.5 at temperature up to 50 degrees C. The proteinase is stable at pH 4.0-9.0 and retains 30% of its activity at 70 degrees C. The other serine proteinase, SFTP, has a M(r) of 26 kDa and is related to trypsin-like enzymes. Its activity for synthetic substrates of trypsin is maximal at pH 6.8-8.8 at 50 degrees C. The enzyme is stable at pH 4.5-8.5 and at temperature below 50 degrees C. It has been shown that Streptomyces fradiae, like Streptomyces griseus and other Streptomycetes, possesses an ability to secrete serine proteinases (SFSP and SFTP) related to two evolutionally distinct families of serine proteinases, i.e., subtilisin and chymotrypsin families. SFMP and SFSP have been isolated and characterized for the first time.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1993

Physiology and genetics of antibiotic production and resistance.

Actinomycetes have the genetic capability to synthesize many different biologically active secondary metabolites and of these compounds, antibiotics predominate in therapeutic and commercial importance. Intensive research often centres on the use of molecular techniques to investigate the physiology and genetics of antibiotic biosynthesis with a view to improving production. The isolation of clones of Streptomyces hygroscopicus, the producer of geldanamycin, which synthesizes geldanamycin in S. lividans, is reported. Molecular approaches using genes for elongation factors (tuf) were used in attempts to increase the fermentation yield of kirromycin, whilst probes for aphD and sph, genes for streptomycin phosphotransferases, were used to gather information on streptomycin genes in soil. Actinomycete populations in soil and earthworms may help in developing a strategy for discovering additional antimicrobials in soil. The relationship of proline metabolism to the secondary metabolite undecylprodigiosin and the carbon regulation of spiramycin biosynthesis in S. ambofaciens is also reported.

Actinomycetales↗
PubMed1993

[Isolation and characteristics of Bacillus megaterium metalloproteinase].

Stepwise application of affinity chromatography on bacitracin-silochrome, gel filtration on Acrylex P-10, rechromatography on bacitracin-Sepharose 4B and gel filtration on Sephadex G-15, a homogeneous metalloproteinase (M(r) = 35,000 Da) has been isolated from the cultural filtrate of B. megaterium strain 599. The amino acid composition and N-terminal sequence (20 amino acids) of the enzyme have been determined. The proteinase is not inhibited by diisopropyl-fluorophosphate, is inhibited by o-phenanthroline, EDTA, and Zn2+, and is activated by Co2+. The enzyme has a peak activity at 60-65 degrees C. The maximum of the enzymatic activity after hydrolysis of synthetic substrates is at pH 6.5-7.0. The enzyme is stable at pH 7.0-9.0 and retains its stability at 45-60 C for several hours. In acid media the enzyme undergoes irreversible inactivation. The dependence of kcat/Km on pH points to the involvement of an ionogenic group with pKa 7.5 in the catalytic act, most probably of the imidazole group of histidine. The metalloproteinase hydrolyzes synthetic peptide substrates at the bonds formed by the amino groups of hydrophobic amino acids-Phe, Leu, Ile and Val.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1991

[Significance of therapeutic pathomorphosis in the treatment and prognosis of osteogenic sarcoma in children].

To decide the problem of adequacy of preoperative treatment and postoperative special therapy, it is necessary to determine the degree of therapeutic pathomorphosis of primary osteogenic sarcoma. According to the materials of the children's clinic of the All-Union Cancer Research Center, USSR AMS, the degree of impairment is dependent on the size of the neoplasm, nature of the treatment and the x-ray-morphological variant. In a group of patients given preoperative chemoradiation treatment for degrees III and IV of therapeutic pathomorphosis, the 5-year survival amounted to 37.9 and 67.2% of cases, respectively. In a weak degree of tumor lesion (I-II), only 7% of the patients survive the 5-year period without metastases. The degree of therapeutic pathomorphosis is of great importance for correcting postoperative therapy as well as for predicting the course of osteogenic sarcoma in children.

Antineoplastic Agents↗
PubMed1991

[Isolation and properties of serine proteinase from Aspergillus oryzae].

A serine proteinase having an activity optimum at pH 6.7-8.2 has been isolated from amylorisine P-10x (a mixture of Aspergillus oryzae enzymes) by chromatography on DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and bacitracin Sepharose 4B. The proteinase is fully inactivated by phenylmethylsulfonylfluoride and diisopropylfluorophosphonate, the specific inhibitors of the enzyme, and has a pI at pH 7.5. The molecular mass of serine proteinase is 30000 Da; its amino acid composition appears as: Met2, Asp33, Thr18, Ser29, Glu21, Pro9, Glu32, Ala38, Val24, Ile16, Leu15, Tyr8, Phe8, His8, Lys18, Arg4, Trp6. The N-terminal sequence of the serine proteinase: Gly-Leu-Thr-Thr-Gln-Lys-Ser-Ala-Pro-Trp-Gly-Leu-Gly-Ser-Ile-Ser-Xaa-Lys- Gly-Gln-Gln-Ser-Thr-Asp-Tyr-Ile-Tyr, which coincides practically completely with the corresponding sequence of alkaline proteinase of A. oryzae, ATCC20386, has been determined. Similar to subtilisin, the enzyme catalyzes the condensation of leucine and alanine p-nitroanilides with N-benzyloxycarbonyl-alanyl-alanine and glycyl-alanine methyl esters.

Amino Acid Sequence↗
PubMed1990

[Rhabdomyosarcoma in children].

Issues in diagnosis and complex treatment of pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma were studied in 198 patients with morphologically verified disease. Tumors most often developed in the genitourinary organs (36.6%), head and neck (37%) and--less frequently--on the trunk and extremities (26.4%). The diagnostic workup included instrumental methods, ultrasonography and computed tomography. All modern modalities of cancer treatment, viz. surgery, drug and radiotherapy were used in those patients. As a rule, treatment was either combined or complex. Two-year-survival rate ranged from 83% for rhabdomyosarcoma of the orbit to 50% for those of the trunk and extremities and 47% for head and neck neoplasms. Two-year survival for patients with rhabdomyosarcoma of non-genitourinary sites was 54%.

Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols↗