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Biomedical subjects

N Miyagi

Publications and source records attributed to N Miyagi.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Clinical evaluation of radiotherapy in recurrent colorectal cancer].

Eighty four patients with recurrent colorectal cancer were treated by radiotherapy at Tokyo Women's Medical College from January 1969 to September 1987. 1) Sixty four cases (76% of all) recurred within 2 years after initial surgery. 2) the most common initial recurrent site was primary lesion alone (58%) and followed by primary lesion and distant metastasis (18%), lymph node metastasis (13%) and others (11%). 3) Over all response rate (CR + PR) was 57% (20/35). There was no relationship between response rate and total dose. By treatment procedure, response rate was 50% (12/24) in radiotherapy alone, 50% (1/2) in surgery and radiotherapy, and 70% (7/10) in radiotherapy and intra-arterial infusion. 4) Pain relief was obtained 92% of cases. 5) After initial recurrences, 50% of survival time was 12 months and 5 year cumulative survival rate was 7%. In the cases of responders (CR + PR), 5 years survival rate was 11% and there were no 3 years survivors in the cases of non responders (MR + NC). 6) There were no serious acute reaction and late complications. These data suggested that radiotherapy for recurrent colorectal cancer were effective and useful.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

Enhanced liver metastatic potential of alpha-fetoprotein-producing human gastric carcinoma after carbon tetrachloride-induced liver damage in nude mice.

The liver metastatic potential of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing human gastric carcinoma (NSC-3) was examined in male, BALB/c, nude mice. Metastatic nodules in the liver were produced by intrasplenic (IS) injection of tumor cell suspension prepared by trypsinization from subcutaneous NSC-3 tumor. The serum AFP level increased exponentially after IS injection along with the growth of metastatic nodules in the liver, and a positive correlation was observed between the estimated weight of metastatic nodules and serum AFP level. To investigate the effect of liver damage by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) on the metastatic potential of NSC-3 cells injected intrasplenically, the mice were divided into 4 groups: Group 1 received IS injection of 1 x 10(6) of NSC-3 cells without CCl4 treatment; Groups 2, 3 and 4 received IS injection 7 days, 2 days and 1 day after CCl4 treatment, respectively. All mice were killed 64 days after IS injection. The incidence of liver metastasis was 80% in Group 1, but 100% in Groups 2, 3 and 4. The mean numbers of metastatic nodules per liver were 4.2 in Group 1, 16.8 in Group 2, 18.0 in Group 3 and 44.5 in Group 4. Significant differences in the mean numbers of metastatic nodules were observed between Group 4 and the other groups. It was clearly demonstrated that the metastatic potential of AFP-producing human gastric carcinoma cells (NSC-3) is enhanced in the situation prevailing after liver parenchymal cells are damaged by CCl4.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Evaluation of hepatic gluconeogenesis by intravenous L-alanine tolerance test after major hepatectomy].

The response of glucose, insulin and glucagon to L-alanine tolerance test (0.5 g/kg, intravenously, A.T.T.) was examined in dogs following hepatectomy. Before A.T.T., dogs were starved for 24 hours after antecedent carbohydrate-free diets. Under this condition, hepatic glycogen and blood glucose were 0.5 +/- 0.2 mg/g liver and 85 +/- 11.9 mg/dl, respectively. The marked response of blood glucose to alanine tolerance test was observed and the maximal increment above the basal level was 47 +/- 5.2 mg/dl at 30 minutes after A.T.T. One week after 44% and 70% hepatectomy, the increments of glucose at 30 minutes after A.T.T. were 58% and 24% respectively, as compared with those before hepatectomy. These results suggest that the glucose response to alanine tolerance is useful for an index of functional reserve of glucose production in the remnant liver after hepatectomy. The increments of blood glucose at 30 minutes after A.T.T. 1, 2, 3 and 4 weeks after 70% hepatectomy were 24.0, 21.8, 52.7 and 80% of that before hepatectomy respectively. The insulin response to alanine tolerance gave two peaks at 2.5 min and 30 min and the latter peak was dependent on the blood glucose response before and after hepatectomy. One or two weeks after 70% hepatectomy, the exaggerated glucagon response to alanine tolerance was observed. These results suggest that A.T.T. is not only an excellent index of functional reserve of hepatic gluconeogenesis, but also is an appropriate method for investigation of the relation between endogenous glucose production and endocrine pancreas.

Alanine↗
PubMed1987

Oncofetal expression of glutathione S-transferase placental form in human stomach carcinomas.

The content of glutathione S-transferase placental form (GST-pi) was immunohistochemically analyzed in 100 cases of human stomach carcinoma of various histological types and compared with the content in the stomach mucosa of the human fetus, infant and adult. High levels of GST-pi content were demonstrated in all stomach carcinomas except for signet ring cell carcinomas. High levels were also present in surface mucous cells and glandular cells of the stomach from a fetus aged 18 weeks, whereas only the parietal cells of fundic glands in the adult stomach showed slight staining for GST-pi. These results indicate that the phenotypic expression of GST-pi in human stomach carcinoma is oncofetal in character.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1987

[A case of early primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach].

Primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach is rare. Most cases are advanced when detected since there are only two cases of the early stages of this type of cancer in the literature. The histogenesis of this type of stomach carcinoma is still under discussion. In this paper an early stage of adenosquamous carcinoma of the stomach in a 56-year-old female is reported. The localization and characteristics of two type of cancer cells, adeno and squamous cell carcinoma cells, were studied using cytokeratin and PAS stainings.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1986

Effect of concanavalin A on the aspirin concentration and distribution in the brain and plasma of rats.

The effects of concanavalin A (Con A) on plasma and brain concentration of aspirin (Asp) were investigated in rats. When Asp was administered in rats treated with Con A, the plasma and brain concentration of Asp and its metabolites (salicylic acid (SA), salicyluric acid (SU) and gentisic acid (GA)) were increased. Distribution of Asp and its metabolites into the hippocampus, striatum and hypothalamus were increased by treatment with Con A. Asp esterase activities in the small intestinal mucosa, liver and brain were increased by pretreatment with Con A, but these enzyme activities were decreased by a high dose of Con A. The inhibitory effect of Asp, SA, SU and GA on the writhing induced by acetic acid in Con A-pretreated mice was stronger than that in the control. A lowering of rectal temperature, after the administration of Asp, was stronger in Con A-treated rats than in control rats. These results suggested that Con A facilitated the absorption of Asp and enhanced the transfer of SA into the brain, and increased Asp esterase activities in various tissues.

Analgesics↗
PubMed1986

[A study of the antineoplastic activity of K18].

K18 is a new drug produced by a combination of Melphalan and human immunoglobulin. K18 produced an inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human gastric and colon cancer transplanted in to nude mice. Also, combination effects of K18 with MMC and 5-FU were recognized in the same system. In a study of distribution after K18 administration, the accumulation and retention of this drug in the tumor region were observed. In the case of Melphalan administration, these phenomena were not observed. The antitumor activity of tumor homogenate was evaluated using a colony-forming assay with KB cells. As to the Melphalan-treated group, a four-hour homogenate reduced the number of colonies but a 48-h one did not. In the K18-treated group, the four-hour homogenate decreased the number slightly and the decrease became obvious with 48-h homogenate. In cell cycle analysis using K18 or Melphalan administration, gathering of S-phase cells was observed, but these changes appeared later with K18 than with Melphalan. This result showed that the effect of K18 was produced by the alkylating activity of Melphalan which was combined with immunoglobulin. For clinical application, K18 was administered to cancer patients at a dose of 60-90 mg every day. Two cases of good response were achieved. No side effect was observed. This remarkable efficacy and low degree of side effects in clinical application is probably due to the higher affinity and accumulation of K18 in the tumor region. K18 is a useful new drug for clinical application alone, or in combination with other chemotherapeutic drugs.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

Gastric- and intestinal-type properties of human gastric cancers transplanted into nude mice.

The gastric- and intestinal-type properties of 15 human gastric cancers, which were transplanted into nude mice, were studied biochemically and histologically. Enzyme activities were determined in the crude extracts of cancer tissues: pepsinogen isozymes as gastric marker enzymes; and sucrase, aminopeptidase (microsomal), and alkaline phosphatase as intestinal marker enzymes. By hematoxylin and eosin staining and paradoxical concanavalin A staining, gastric cancer tissues were classified into gastric type (pyloric gland cell type and surface mucous cell type) and intestinal type (goblet cell type and intestinal absorptive cell type). On the basis of their properties, human gastric cancers were classified into four types: (a) intestinal type; (b) gastric type; (c) intestinal plus gastric type; and (d) unclassified type, showing no gastric- or intestinal-type properties. Of six well-differentiated adenocarcinomas, four were of intestinal type, one of gastric type, and one of intestinal plus gastric type. All of the intestinal-type carcinomas showed sucrase activity. Of the three signet ring cell carcinomas, one was classified as a gastric type, one as an intestinal plus gastric type, and one as an unclassified type. Of the six poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas, five were of the intestinal type and one of the unclassified type. The present results clearly showed the appearance of intestinal-type properties in gastric cancer cells not only in so-called intestinal-type carcinomas, but also in diffuse-type carcinomas.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1983

Establishment of an alpha-fetoprotein-producing human gastric carcinoma in nude mice.

An alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)-producing human gastric carcinoma was transplanted into BALB/c-nu/nu nude mice. The original tumor tissue had been obtained by gastrectomy from a 72-year-old patient with gastric carcinoma. The tumor had been transplanted serially (20 passages) in nude mice. The transplantability was 100%. The doubling time of the tumor ranged from 5.6 days to 11.2 days. AFP appeared in the serum of nude mice 3 to 4 weeks after subcutaneous (sc) transplantation and 6 weeks after intraperitoneal (ip) transplantation of the tumor cell suspension prepared from sc transplanted tumors. A positive correlation was observed between serum AFP level and tumor size. Serum AFP level of mice given ip transplantation increased as a function of time after transplantation. AFP was stained positively by an immunochemical technique in the original and transplanted tumors and was located in the cytoplasms of the tumor cells. The histology of the original tumor was retained. The malignant potential of these transplanted tumor cells was expressed as carcinomatous peritonitis and liver and/or lung metastases.

Adenocarcinoma↗