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Biomedical subjects

N T Raĭkhlin

Publications and source records attributed to N T Raĭkhlin.

At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

[Dynamics of bioelectric activity of the brain and erythrocyte ultrastructure after intravenous infusion of sodium bicarbonate to oncologic patients].

23 patients with malignant tumors of different location and histogenesis were investigated. There were no metastases in 9 cases. 10 patients had metastases in regional areas and 4--distant. The results were compared with those obtained in 4 patients with nonmalignant diseases. EEG, blood gases, plasma acid--base balance and ultrastructure of erythrocytes were explored before and after intravenous infusion of 4.2% sodium bicarbonate solution. The metabolic alkalosis induced amelioration of EEG, which was changed basically, the condense of pre-membrane layer disappeared or decreased in erythrocytes, and disaggregation of erythrocytes took place in cancer patients vs those with nonmalignant tumors. The results confirm the suggestion of generalized intracellular acidosis in malignant tumor patients. This acidosis can be temporarily avoided or diminished artificially by blood alkalosis.

Acidosis↗
PubMed1992

[Ultrastructural features of synovial sarcomas and their prognosis].

25 synovial sarcomas in patients with various duration of life were studied electron-microscopically. Quantitative correlation between dark and clear tumour cells is the most informative prognostic index in patients operated on because of these sarcomas: the more numerous are dark cells in the tumour, the worse is the prognosis. The appearance of intermediate filaments in the cytoplasm of epithelioid tumour cells and the presence of secretory material in the intercellular spaces are the sign of a less favourable prognosis.

Humans↗
PubMed1992

[Light-optical and ultrastructural immunohistochemistry of antigen H-4, a common marker of epithelial cells].

Epitope localization reacting with mice monoclonal antibodies (Mabs) H 4 was investigated using the specimen of epithelium of skin, human uterine cervix as well as in the culture of epithelium cells of guinea-pig duct deferent. Mice monoclonal antibodies against antigen H 4 obtained by the hybridoma method after immunization of mice with rat colon epithelium cytoskeletal fractions were used. Mabs H 4 were shown to react with antigen of intermediate filaments of all studied normal epithelial, cancer cells as well as culture epithelial cells. Mabs H 4 are supposed to be used as a unique immunohistochemical marker of epithelium cells under normal and malignant growth conditions.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Ultrastructure of pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma as a prognostic factor in surgical treatment].

163 operated on patients were divided into 2 groups: the 1st group--those surviving 5 years without recurrence (44.2%) and the 2nd group--those dying earlier from the tumour progression (55.8%). Central carcinoma was in 104, peripheral one in 59 cases. The number of dark cells (DC) and the degree of desmosome development revealed ultrastructurally have the greatest practical importance as the favourable course in the 1st group was associated with the absence or low number of DC (7%) and the high number of desmosomes (89%). These indices were found in the 2nd group in 86 and 41%, respectively. Both indices are of independent importance and are not associated with the spread of the carcinoma. The level of DC is of greater importance. Prognosis of the squamous cell carcinoma is the worse the higher is DC number in the tumour and the lower the desmosome number.

Carcinoma, Squamous Cell↗
PubMed1992

[Immunohistochemical analysis of the distribution of H4 antigen in normal and cancer cells of the skin and uterine cervix].

The aim of the work was immunohistochemical localization of antigen H-4 in the epithelium of skin, uterine cervix and their malignant tumours. Mouse monoclonal antibodies (MABs) against antigen H-4 obtained by the hybridoma method after immunization of mice with rat colon epithelium cytoskeletal fractions were used. Cryostat sections of various types of epithelium and human tumours showed MABs H-4 to react with the cells of simple single-layered, metaplastic squamous epithelium, non-cornified and cornified squamous epithelia as well as with the cells of malignant tumours from these epithelia. Myoepithelial cells of eccrine sweat glands and basal cells of ectocervix were areactive. The localization of antigen H-4 in the intermediate filaments of epithelial cells and cells of squamous cell carcinoma of the skin and uterine cervix was revealed by means of ultrastructural immunocytochemistry. MABs H-4 seem to mark either a general epitope of a number of cytokeratin peptides or cytokeratin-associated protein. MABs H-4 are suggested to be used as a universal immunohistochemical marker of epithelium.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[The use of monoclonal antibodies to cytokeratin peptides for the diagnosis of basal cell carcinoma of the skin].

25 skin basaliomas were studied immunohistochemically using 6 different monoclonal antibodies (MAB) to the low-molecular cytokeratins N 8, 18 (according to Moll's catalog) as well as to the cytokeratins N 1, 2, 9, 10, 11 and N 17. Prekeratin N 17 was found in all tumours while cytokeratin N 18 was found in no tumour. Prekeratin N 8 was expressed in 24% of tumours. MAB EE 21-06 to the cytokeratin N 1, 2, 9, 10, 11 are reactive with tumour cells in 20% of cases. Basalioma cells (apart from trichobasalioma) did not react with MAB G 36-19. These results suggest a dissimilar origin of basaliomas and may help in the differential diagnosis of the skin malignant tumours.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMed1991

[An immunoperoxidase study of the components of the basal membrane in cancers of the cervix].

An immunohistochemical study of samples from 12 cervical carcinomas was carried out using monoclonal antibodies against laminin (L) and heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSP). Cryostat sections of operative and biopsy specimens were processed by the immunoperoxidase method. L and HSP were identified in the basal membrane of normal and neoplastic epithelium. Basal membrane disruptions were found in in situ, microinvasive and invasive carcinomas. However, in the first group they were less common and occurred only in the presence of lymphohistiocytic infiltration of the underlying stroma. An inverse relationship was established between depth of invasion and amount of L and HSP in the basal membrane of tumor epithelium.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Immunohistochemical characteristics of the epithelial transformation zone in the uterine cervix using monoclonal antibodies against various epithelial markers].

Epithelium transformation zone in the uterine cervix was studied by means of monoclonal antibodies (MAB) against cytokeratin (CK) peptides, epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and skin granular layer proteins. It is shown that in the region of epithelial junction metaplastic epithelium is, as a rule, observed which possesses a unique spectrum of CK distinct from that in the ecto--and endocervix. The features of the expression of CK N8, N17, EMA in metaplasia are described. MAB EE 2I-06 against CK N1, 2, 9-11 and MAB G 36-19 are suggested as markers of the metaplastic epithelium maturity in the uterine cervix.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[An electron microscopic study of the effector link in immune reactions in stomach cancer].

21 surgically removed gastric carcinomas of different histologic structure and stage of development were studied ultrastructurally. A variety of morphological manifestations of local immune reactions and nonspecific antitumour resistance were observed. These manifestations were characterized by the contacts of lymphocytes, macrophages, polymorphonuclear leukocytes, plasma cells with each other and with tumour cells and by the presence of variable changes in tumour cells. The causes of such a variety are discussed and they may be due to different types of cytotoxicity, stage of the interaction between the effector and the target and so on.

Cell Communication↗
PubMed1991

[The ultrastructural factors of the individual prognosis in rectal cancer in patients following radical surgical treatment].

Multifactorial analysis of the prognostic diagnosis of 39 main clinical, morphological and ultrastructural traits in 109 patients with rectum carcinoma is performed on the basis of computer EC-1045/230 program and algorithmic complex. The optimal complex of the traits is established possessing the maximum information value for prognosis of the 2-, 3- and 5-year survival of patients with this tumour. Three rules are formed for the individual prognosis of a favourable and unfavourable issue of the disease after the radical surgery. The value (in %) of these rules for the prognosis was determined: 79,86 and 92% for the 2-, 3- and 5-year survival, respectively. This is the precision with which one or another prognosis can be predicted.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1990

[Cytokeratin expression in squamous-cell metaplasia of the cervix uteri: an immunohistochemical study using monoclonal antibodies].

Immunohistochemical study of the exo- and endocervix in squamous metaplasia is performed using EE21-06d monoclonal antibodies revealing simultaneously five cytokeratinous polypeptides characteristic of squamous epithelium, and f-12-19h revealing simultaneously wide spectrum of cytokeratinous polypeptides characteristic of the epithelium various types. PAP method and the reaction of immunofluorescence were used. Monoclonal antibodies 12-19d label cells of all layers of normal exocervix, endocervix and metaplastic squamous epithelium, both immature and differentiated. Monoclonal antibodies EE21-06d react in the exocervix with suprabasal and higher located cells and in the endocervix with reserve cells only. Positive reaction with EE21-06d in the metaplastic foci increases in proportion with the squamous cell differentiation, thus this antibody being the marker of reserve cells and the degree of the squamous metaplasia maturity.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[Focal fibrous mesothelioma of the pleura (a morphological study of 7 cases].

Seven focal pleural tumours are studied histochemically, immunohistochemically and electron microscopically (EM). A great variety of histological and EM structures was found: areas resembling fibromas, fibrous histiocytomas, hemangiopericytomas, etc. The EM signs of the abortive mesothelial differentiation were found in the tumour cells. The use of the term "localised fibrous mesothelioma" seems to be justified. It is necessary to distinguish morphologically diffuse mesothelioma and localised fibrous mesothelioma that possess different clinical course and prognosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1989

[The character of expression of keratins 8 and 19 in normal and neoplastic enterocytes of the large intestine].

Synthesis of individual keratins (Nos. 8 and 19) was shown to continue in the simple epithelium of tumor cells by application of monoclonal antibodies in 20 cases of different patterns of human colonic malignancies. No correlation between the synthesis and degree of cataplasia of said cells was found. The increase in manifestations of cellular and structural anaplasia in tumor was matched by the enhanced intensity of cells' staining with antibodies. Application of said procedure in oncomorphological practice helps reliably evaluate the real extent of tumor spreading and detects invasion which other microscopic methods fail to do.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1989

[Ultrastructural manifestations of the functional plasticity of the renal glomerular endothelium in vertebrates].

Studied has been the fine structure of the kidney's glomerulus endotheliocyte of man (age 2-6 years) and fish (year-old Atlantic salmon Salmo salar L.), as organisms occupying extreme place in development of kidney in phylogenetic line of the vertebrates. Revealed has been the uniformity of geometric reconstruction of vascular endothelium of kidney's glomerulus of investigated objects under heterogeneous factors' influence (compensatory hyperfunction of man and environment influence of fish). Formation of star-shaped structures with large open fenestrae in its central part (diameter 100-150 nm) both in the local parts of endothelium and in space between them (diameter 250-350 nm) has been observed. Such construction peculiarity sharply increases permeability of capillaries of kidney's glomerulus and thus appears as a characteristic sign of strenuous functional activity of the filtration apparatus of metanephros of man and mesonephros of fish. Revealed reaction of endothelium is considered as universal and nonspecific.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

[Electron microscopic study of the cytoskeleton of human podocytes].

The ultrastructural study of man's cytoskeleton of podocytes is carried out. Populations of podocytes with two different types of structure of the cytoskeleton in dependence on age (2, 4, 6, 37 and 65 years) is revealed in kidneys. The first type of cytoskeleton of the podocyte is peculiar for children's age and is characterized by branched, high density microfilament network, expressed by system of microtubules and single myofilaments. The intermediate filaments here are either utterly absent or present so feebly they find themselves "disguised" by other strongly developed components of cytoskeleton and revealing them with the help of technique of electron microscope is impossible. In kidneys of adults, and especially of old aged persons podocytes with other type of organization of the cytoskeleton are mainly identified. The distinctive signs of the last are bundle arrangement of microfilaments, plural bundles of intermediate filaments and individual microtubules. This study permits to make a conclusion that during individual development and growing old in kidneys of high animals and man, probably, physiological changes causing morphological reconstruction of cytoskeleton which is accompanied by intensive development of intermediate filaments' system with simultaneous "involution" of microtubules and microfilaments' systems take place.

Actin Cytoskeleton↗
PubMed1989

[The prognostic significance of the ultrastructural characteristics of human rectal cancer].

A retrospective study of the ultrastructure of rectal tumors in patients with favorable and unfavorable prognosis was undertaken. It established favorable postoperative course and prognosis in tumors containing more than half undifferentiated cells. Conversely, tumors in which malignant cells with electron microscopy-identifiable signs of differentiation (retaining features of normal cells) prevailed and those containing equal fractions of well- and poorly differentiated cells involve early development of metastasis and sometimes recurrences.

Adenocarcinoma↗