Synthesis of diolmycin analogs and their anticoccidial activities.
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Butylene Glycols↗
Biomedical subjects
N Tabata
Publications and source records attributed to N Tabata.
Hynapenes A, B and C, new anticoccidial agents produced by Penicillium sp. I. Production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological properties.
Penicillium sp. FO-1611, a soil isolate, was found to produce a series of new anticoccidial compounds. Three active compounds, designated hynapenes A, B and C, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography, gel filtration on Sephadex LH-20 and preparative HPLC. Hynapenes inhibited the growth of Eimeria tenella in an in vitro assay using BHK-21 cells as a host. No schizont in the cells was observed at concentrations ranging above 123 microM, 34.7 microM and 34.7 microM for hynapenes A, B and C, respectively.
Chemical Phenomena↗
Hynapenes A, B and C, new anticoccidial agents produced by Penicillium sp. II. Structure elucidation.
The structures of hynapenes A, B and C, novel anticoccidial agents, were determined by spectroscopic analyses. Hynapenes A, B and C were deduced to be (2E,4E)-5-(1,3,4-trihydroxy-2,6,8-trimethyldecalin)-2,4-p entadienoic acid, (2E,4E)-5-(1-ene-3-oxo-2,6,8-trimethyldecalin)-2,4-pentad ienoic acid and (2E,4E)-5-(3-ene-1-oxo-2,6,8-trimethyldecalin)-2,2,4-pent adienoic acid, respectively.
Chemical Phenomena↗
Xanthoquinodins, new anticoccidial agents produced by Humicola sp. Production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological properties.
Humicola sp. FO-888, a soil isolate, was found to produce a series of new anticoccidial compounds. Five active compounds, designated xanthoquinodins A1, A2, A3, B1 and B2 were isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extraction and HPLC. Xanthoquinodins inhibited the growth of Eimeria tenella in an in vitro assay system using BHK-21 cells as a host. No schizont in the cells was observed at concentrations of 0.02-0.2 micrograms/ml for xanthoquinodins A1, A3, B1 and B2 and at 0.02 micrograms/ml for xanthoquinodin A2.
Animals↗
Diolmycins, new anticoccidial agents produced by Streptomyces sp. I. Production, isolation and physico-chemical and biological properties.
Streptomyces sp. WK-2955, a soil isolate, was found to produce a series of new anticoccidial compounds. Four active compounds, designated diolmycins A1, A2, B1 and B2, were isolated from the fermentation broth of the producing strain by solvent extraction, silica gel column chromatography, gel filtration on Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. Diolmycins inhibited the growth of Eimeria tenella in an in vitro assay system using BHK-21 cells as a host. No schizont in the cells was observed at concentrations of 0.02-2.0 micrograms/ml for diolmycin A1, at 0.2-2.0 micrograms/ml for diolmycin A2, and at 20 micrograms/ml for diolmycins B1 and B2.
Animals↗
Diolmycins, new anticoccidial agents produced by Streptomyces sp. II. Structure elucidation of diolmycins A1, A2, B1 and B2, and synthesis of diolmycin A1.
The structures of diolmycins A1, A2, B1 and B2, novel anticoccidial agents, were determined by spectroscopic analyses. Diolmycins A1 and A2 are stereoisomers with the structure of 1-(3-indolyl)-4-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-butanediol. From the chemical synthesis of the erythro-isomer, the relative configurations of diolmycins A1 and A2 were determined to be the erythro- and threo-isomers, respectively. The stereoisomers, diolmycins B1 and B2, were also deduced to be erythro- and threo-1,4-di-(p-hydroxyphenyl)-2,3-butanediol, respectively.
Butylene Glycols↗
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans is a unique fibrohistiocytic tumour expressing CD34.
Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans (DFSP) is a slow growing, locally invasive tumour whose differentiation from other fibrohistiocytic tumours sometimes poses serious diagnostic problems. We investigated CD34 expression immunohistologically in various fibrohistiocytic tumours including dermatofibroma, DFSP, malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH), infantile myofibromatosis, fibrosarcoma, hypertrophic scar and keloid. Among these, DFSP was unique in that tumour cells themselves expressed CD34, whereas in other tumours. CD34 expression was observed only on vascular endothelial cells amongst the tumour cells. Until now, there have been no reports of useful immunohistological markers for DFSP. CD34 expression by the tumour cells can be an extremely useful marker in establishing a definitive diagnosis of DFSP.
Antigens, CD↗
Studies on asphyxia: morphological research for the aid of diagnosis of asphyxia using light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemical methods.
The lattice-form structure and/or tubular myelin can be found in the debris-like structure which is the pinkish substance in the alveolar space in the Hematoxylin & Eosin stained sections. These findings were obtained by using rats in the air containing oxygen of 5% or mixing and/or contaminating each of methane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and freon gases. The immunohistochemical detection using the monoclonal mouse antibody against human pulmonary surfactant (PS) apoprotein is of highly useful. The positive reaction products observed in the alveolar space indicate the localization of the tubular myelin. The data suggest that the PS appears when the inhaled air contains oxygen in low concentration. The immunohistochemical method using the antibody against human PS apoprotein is worth applying for the diagnosis of oxygen deficiency including the respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) of the new born. We conclude that the appearance of the positive reaction products suggests that, at least, the air did not come in contact with the surface of alveoli, which leads us to the diagnosis of death was from oxygen deficiency, even if we are at the stage when the mode of death is undetermined.
Animals↗
Primary structure of a nuclease (nuclease PA3) from a Penicillium sp.
The complete primary structure of a nuclease from a Penicillium sp. [nuclease PA3 (Kazama et al., Chem. Pharm. Bull., 38, 3081 (1990)] was determined. The sequencing was done by analysis of the peptides generated by digestion of reduced and carboxymethylated nuclease PA3 (RCM nuclease PA3) with lysylendopeptidase, and by digestion with staphylococcal V8 protease or chemical cleavage with BrCN. It consisted of 270 amino acid residues and carbohydrate moieties attached to the 92nd, 138th, 184th, and 197th asparagine residues. The molecular weight of the protein moiety deduced from the sequence was 29,211. It contains four half cystine residues. The amino acid sequence was identical with that of P1 nuclease from Penicillium citrinum [K. Maekawa, S. Tsunasawa, G. Dibo, and F. Sakiyama, Abstracts of Papers, the 62nd Meeting of the Biochemical Society of Japan, Seikagaku, 61, 1013 (1989)] except that the 190th Thr residue was Ile in P1 nuclease.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
G-CSF enhanced granulocyte production in a child with severe neutropenia in the setting of fatal virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome.
A 14-year-old boy with fatal varicella zoster virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS) was treated with recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) based on the finding that the patient had severe neutropenia and possible bacterial superinfection. Support for the G-CSF therapy in VAHS is provided by the recent reports that G-CSF is relatively specific for the granulocyte lineage; it would not activate mature monocyte/macrophage/histiocyte lineage in VAHS, where the most striking morphologic feature is histiocytic hyperplasia with hemophagocytosis. He responded well to G-CSF with an elevation of neutrophil counts. There were no effects on other blood cells. The result indicates that G-CSF is useful to increase granulocyte production in severe neutropenia, even in the setting of fatal VAHS.
Adolescent↗
Purification and characterization of a nuclease (3'-nucleotidase) from a Penicillium sp.
A nuclease (3'-nucleotidase) similar to P1 nuclease from Penicillium citrinum was purified from a commercial digestive from a Penicillium sp. The activity of the nuclease (PA) was separated to three fractions by diethylaminoethyl-Toyopearl 650M column chromatography, in total yield of 10%. The apparent molecular weight of these three nucleases, PA1, PA2 and PA3 was 35000, 33000, and 32000, respectively. All of them were homogeneous so far as checked by sodium dodecyl sulfate slab gel electrophoresis. The three nucleases differed in carbohydrate content, but their amino acid composition was practically the same, and very similar to that of P1 nuclease. The molecular weight of nuclease PA3, the major component of nuclease PA, was approximately 27000 after digestion by endoglycosidase F. The N-terminal and C-terminal amino acid sequences of nuclease PA3 were determined by Edman degradation and carboxypeptidase(s) digestion, respectively. The nuclease PA3 was inactivated in the presence of 10 mM ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) and 65% of its native enzyme activity restored by the addition of 20 mM ZnCl2. The pH-dependent photooxidative inactivation of nuclease PA3 was accelerated by removal of Zn ion by EDTA or trishydroxymethyl aminomethane, indicating the possible chelation of Zn2+ with some histidine residues.
Amino Acid Sequence↗
Studies on asphyxia; on the changes of the alveolar walls of rats in the hypoxic state. III. The hypoxic state by carbon monoxide gas.
Experimental studies on asphyxia due to the hypoxic state produced by carbon monoxide gas were achieved. The morphological changes such as 1) faint pinkish homogeneous substance in the alveoli by H&E staining, 2) debris-like structure of medium electron dense substance on the surface of alveoli and/or full-filling the space of alveoli which were almost the same as observed in our previous reports except the appearance of a plenty of fibrin fibers in the debris-like structure and in part the close connection with myelin configurations as well.
Animals↗
Studies on asphyxia: lipids in the alveoli of rats in hypoxic state.
Biochemical characterization in alveolar lavage fluids of rats which had inhaled 5% oxygen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide was studied in comparison with control rats. The protein content, consisting mainly of serum albumin, markedly increased in the hypoxic states. The phospholipid content also increased one and a half to two times as much as in the control rats. The phospholipids which increased in the alveoli were mainly pulmonary surfactant phospholipids, i.e. phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol. The phospholipid profiles did not appear to be affected by the leakage of plasma lipids. These findings indicate that pulmonary surfactant phospholipids accumulate in the alveoli of rats in the hypoxic states examined here.
Animals↗
Studies on asphyxia: on the changes of the alveolar walls of rats in the hypoxic state. II. The hypoxic state produced by carbon dioxide and methane gases.
Experimental studies were presented here concerning death by asphyxia due to the inhalation of carbon dioxide and methane gases. The morphological changes were almost the same as those demonstrated in our previous report. The authors concluded that the morphological changes in the lung tissue were not attributable to the chemical specificity of gases used in the experiment but to the decrease of oxygen.
Animals↗
Sudden infant death syndrome in Japan.
Two autopsied cases are presented, one involving a 5-month-old infant, and a 6-month-old infant both of whom died suddenly and unexpectedly. The incidence of sudden infant death syndrome in Japan is 1.2 per 1,000 babies live births. Among all cases autopsied in the departments of legal or forensic medicine in 78 universities or colleges of Japan, the incidence was 15 (0.5%) per 3,329 in 1984 and 20 (0.6%) per 3,150 in 1985.
Female↗
Evaluation of a new monoclonal radioimmunoassay system for carcinoembryonic antigen.
A newly established monoclonal radioimmunoassay system (kit II) for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) was evaluated in comparison to a conventional polyclonal system (kit I). Among 619 unselected serum samples, approximately 15% were CEA positive with kit I, whereas 27% were positive with kit II; consequently, approximately 12% showed dissociated CEA values to be positive only with kit II. More than 75% of patients with the dissociated values were found to have a malignant disease. Positive rates in normal individuals (266 samples) were less than 5% with both the kit I and kit II and, in those with benign disease were 11.9% with kit II, except for liver cirrhosis in which a quite high positive rate (58%) was obtained. In contrast, a definitely increased positive rate in malignant disease (381 samples) was obtained with kit II (61.4%) in comparison to that with kit I (42.3%). The assessment of technical qualities, such as reproducibility, recovery and dilution tests, demonstrated the excellent performance of kit II.
Adult↗
A single fatal penetrating chest wound caused by a dagger-shaped fragment of broken door glass.
A 19-year-old woman ran against a glass door, and, breaking it, was struck in the left anterior chest by a single dagger-like fragment of broken door glass. This fragment deeply penetrated her chest and wounded the anterior wall of the left ventricle of her heart. She rapidly died from loss of blood. The majority of single fatal penetrating chest wounds seen at postmortem examinations are caused by firearms and bladed weapons. While penetrating chest wounds occasionally result from fragments of glass, most severe and fatal wounds from glass result from one's falling into or through plate glass and sustaining wounds of the head, face, abdomen, or extremities. A single fatal wound from a dagger-shaped piece of glass is distinctly uncommon. To prevent such an accident from occurring, safety glass must be used in front doors of public institutions.
Adult↗
Medicolegal aspects of infanticide in Hokkaido District, Japan.
Since 1978, a total of 55 infanticides were investigated by our department (16.9% of the total number of medicolegal autopsies). This article describes the infanticides in the Hokkaido district of northern Japan. The characteristic finding for the cause of death was drowning in the toilet. This mode of killing seems to be chosen because of the style of toilet in the district, which includes a collecting tank for feces and urine under the commode.
Accidents, Traffic↗