Biomedical subjects

Noboru Kusaka

Publications and source records attributed to Noboru Kusaka.

7 recordsLinked to original sources

PubMed2006

[Embolization for aneurismal dilatation associated with ruptured dissecting anterior inferior cerebellar artery aneurysm with preservation of the parent artery: case report].

We report a rare case of a ruptured dissecting anterior inferior cerebellar artery (AICA) aneurysm treated by endosaccular embolization with a Guglielmi detachable coil (GDC). An 85-year-old female presented with headache. Computed tomographic (CT) scan showed subarachnoid hemorrhage and intraventricular hemorrhage in the fourth ventricule. Cerebral angiography and 3D-CT angiography revealed an aneurysmal dilatation at the anterior pontine segment of the right AICA with a diagnosis of arterial dissection. The right posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) was absent and the right AICA supplied the territory normally nourished by the right PICA. The aneurismal dilatation was occluded by endosacullar embolization with preservation of the AICA. The distal AICA aneurysm is rare and only seven cases treated with endovascular embolization have been reported. In these, six cases were treated by parent artery occlusion with coil and the subsequent three cases presented with ischemic complications. Only one case was treated by endosaccular embolization with GDC. To our knowledge, this is the second report of the distal AICA aneurysm treated by endosaccular embolization with GDC. Distal AICA aneurysms are briefly discussed while reviewing the literature.

Aged, 80 and over↗

PubMed2005

Adult unilateral moyamoya disease with familial occurrence in two definite cases: a case report and review of the literature.

We documented an interesting case of adult "unilateral (probable)" moyamoya disease displaying familial occurrence in two "definite" cases. A 55-year-old female presented with motor aphasia, involuntary movement of the right hand and right homonymous hemianopia due to cerebral infarction. Cerebral angiography revealed typical angiographic findings on the left side and normal findings on the right side; consequently, the patient was diagnosed with probable moyamoya disease. Previously, her mother and nephew had been diagnosed with definite moyamoya disease with bilateral involvement. The patient continued to exhibit unilateral involvement on angiography for more than 4 years. Clinical features such as absence of familial occurrence suggest that most cases of probable moyamoya disease are distinct from definite cases, especially in adults. To the best of our knowledge, this report appears to be the first involving an adult probable case characterized by familial occurrence. The literature pertaining to adult probable moyamoya disease was reviewed and the etiology of this disease was discussed.

Aphasia, Broca↗

PubMed2005

Enhanced brain angiogenesis in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion after administration of plasmid human vascular endothelial growth factor in combination with indirect vasoreconstructive surgery.

OBJECT: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a secreted mitogen associated with angiogenesis. The conceptual basis for therapeutic angiogenesis after plasmid human VEGF gene (phVEGF) transfer has been established in patients presenting with limb ischemia and myocardial infarction. The authors hypothesized that overexpression of VEGF using a gene transfer method combined with indirect vasoreconstruction might induce effective brain angiogenesis in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, leading to prevention of ischemic attacks. METHODS: A chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model induced by permanent ligation of both common carotid arteries in rats was used in this investigation. Seven days after induction of cerebral hypoperfusion, encephalomyosynangiosis (EMS) and phVEGF administration in the temporal muscle were performed. Fourteen days after treatment, the VEGF gene therapy group displayed numbers and areas of capillary vessels in temporal muscles that were 2.2 and 2.5 times greater, respectively, in comparison with the control group. In the brain, the number and area of capillary vessels in the group treated with the VEGF gene were 1.5 and 1.8 times greater, respectively, relative to the control group. CONCLUSIONS: In rat models of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, administration of phVEGF combined with indirect vasoreconstructive surgery significantly increased capillary density in the brain. The authors' results indicate that administration of phVEGF may be an effective therapy in patients with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion, such as those with moyamoya disease.

Animals↗

PubMed2005

[A case of cervical endodermal cyst].

A very rare case involving an endodermal cyst of the cervical spinal canal was documented. In 1999, a 28-year-old male presented with mild tetraplegia due to a traffic accident and consequently, he was admitted to another hospital. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) performed at that time demonstrated a cervical cord cyst. He was treated conservatively and as a result, complete resolution of symptoms was achieved. Five years later, he presented with progressive right hemiparesis and was referred to our institute. MRI at the time of admission exhibited an intradural extramedullary cystic lesion on the ventral side of the spinal cord at the C5-6 levels, which was characterized by low intensity on T1-weighted, and by high intensity on T2-weighted images. The cyst, which had increased in size, compressed the spinal cord remarkably backward. The anterior central vertebrectomy approach was performed. Subtotal resection of the cyst wall was conducted due to its tight partical adhesion to the spinal cord. The vertebral defect was reconstructed with an autogenous iliac graft. According to histological findings the cyst wall consisted of a single layer of columnar epithelial cells with secretory granules and immunohistochemical examination revealed that the cyst wall was positive for cytokeratin 7. Symptoms improved immediately. Subsequently, the patient was discharged with good performance status. Endodermal cysts are very rare developmental cysts derived from the embryonic endodermal layer. Moreover, these lesions are usually located intradurally in the cervical and upper dorsal spine ventral to the spinal cord. Total removal of the cyst is recommended if it is possible. However, total resection is often difficult due to adhesion of the cyst wall to the neural tissue so invasive resection should be avoided. In such cases, follow-up MRI is necessary in order to exclude recurrence of the remnant lesion.

Adult↗

PubMed2004

Combined use of electrolytically and mechanically detachable platinum coils for endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysms--technical note.

The combined use of Guglielmi detachable coils (GDCs) and newly developed mechanically detachable platinum coils (Detach Coil System: DCS) was evaluated for the endovascular treatment of 10 patients with cerebral aneurysms. The number and total length of detachable coils placed into the aneurysms, the detaching time for each coil, and any technical problems were recorded and evaluated. Sixty GDCs and 60 DCSs were used. The detachment time for the DCS (mean 21 seconds) was faster than that for the GDC (mean 2 minutes 35 seconds). One DCS moved inside the aneurysm during the mechanical detachment maneuver, but was successfully placed. Neither detachment system influenced the behavior of the other system during coil implantation. The DCS includes a useful J-shape coil, whereas the GDC can be detached safely in fragile aneurysms. The DCS is also cheaper. The coil systems complemented one another and the combination optimized cost and operating time.

Adult↗

PubMed2002

[Usefulness of dynamic digitized cerebral parenchymography for cerebral vascular disease].

Aortic arch injections according to Theron's method have been performed in patients with cerebral ischemia. Digital subtraction angiograms with modified windowing (low and narrow) have been used for better visualization of cerebral parenchymal condition. This "cerebral parenchymography" allows much easier understanding of cerebral parenchymal vascularization on angiographic imaging. Although further study is necessary to estimate accurate cerebral blood flow, this technique can enable an easy and quick understanding of the overall cerebral hemodynamics.

Aged↗

PubMed2002

[A review of dural arteriovenous fistulas with hemorrhagic onset].

The majority of dural arteriovenous fistulas are considered to have a benign clinical course, but some behave more aggressively, causing progressive neurological symptoms and/or intracranial hemorrhage. Several classifications of angiographic findings have been reported to predict what findings might result in catastrophic presentation. Cortical venous drainage has been described as one of the major risk factors of hemorrhage. We reviewed the records of 50 patients with dural arteriovenous fistulas admitted to our institution from 1991 to 2001 and analyzed their venous drainage patterns with reference to Cognard's classification. Six patients had hemorrhagic episodes caused by dural arteriovenous fistula and all of them had retrograde drainage through cerebral veins. The frequency of hemorrhage in Type I and IIa was 0%, in Type IIb it was 33.3%, in Type IIa + b it was 9.1%, in Type III and Type IV it was 50%, and in Type V it was 100%. These results agreed with those of Cognard reported in 1994, and we reconfirmed the usefulness of Cognard's classification. In order to adapt a firm strategy and treat them promptly and aggressively, it is important to be able to recognize what type of dural arteriovenous fistulas are perilous.

Aged↗