Biomedical subjects

O Karakida

Publications and source records attributed to O Karakida.

23 records · Page 2Linked to original sources

PubMed1994

Accentuated temporal line on the frontal skull radiograph: a sign of hyperparathyroidism.

PURPOSE: To determine the importance of a temporal line (the marginal line for the attachment of the temporal muscle to the skull) that is accentuated on frontal skull radiographs of hyperparathyroid patients owing to subligamentous bone resorption under the temporal muscle. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Radiographs from skeletal surveys of 134 surgically treated patients with primary (n = 102) or secondary (n = 32) hyperparathyroidism (HPT) and frontal skull radiographs of 63 age-matched control patients were reviewed. RESULTS: An accentuated temporal line was the most frequent finding (29.4% of cases) in primary HPT, followed by subperiosteal bone resorption in the hand (8.6%), salt-and-pepper appearance of the skull (3.5%), and rugger-jersey spine (1.1%). In secondary HPT, an accentuated temporal line became less obvious as subperiosteal bone resorption advanced. This finding was not seen in the control group. CONCLUSION: An accentuated temporal line is another radiographic indication of bone resorption in HPT.

Adult↗

PubMed1993

[MR imaging of fatigue fractures: characteristics and value for differential diagnosis].

The magnetic resonance (MR) appearance of five fatigue fractures was analyzed in an attempt to isolate characteristic MR findings which would facilitate the differentiation of this entity from bone neoplasms and osteomyelitis. The bone lesions reviewed for comparison included three osteoid osteomas, eight osteosarcomas, two malignant lymphomas and four osteomyelitis. Four characteristics useful for differentiation were found: 1) All fatigue fractures showed a smooth and continuous periosteal reaction with a superficial layer of high signal intensity on T 2-weighted images, while all malignant bone tumors and osteomyelitis showed irregular, interrupted or undetectable periosteal reaction, and osteoid osteomas showed no superficial high signal on periosteal reactions. 2) In all fatigue fractures and osteoid osteomas, abnormal signals in the bone marrow were ill defined, whereas they were well defined in all bone neoplasms and one of four osteomyelitis. 3) None of the fatigue fractures or osteoid osteomas was associated with extraosseous components. 4) Fatigue fractures showed little signal change in the surrounding soft tissues, while most of the bone tumors and osteomyelitis were accompanied by high signal in the adjacent soft tissues on T 2-weighted images. These MR characteristics are helpful in differentiating fatigue fracture from bone neoplasms and osteomyelitis, enabling unnecessary surgical procedures to be avoided.

Bone Neoplasms↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MR of enchondroma and chondrosarcoma: rings and arcs of Gd-DTPA enhancement.

MR studies of five chondrosarcomas and three enchondromas were performed with intravenous Gd-DTPA administration. All tumors showed enhancement of scalloped margins and curvilinear septa (ring-and-arc pattern) on T1-weighted SE sequences with Gd-DTPA. On radiologic-pathologic correlation, the enhanced areas corresponded to fibrovascular bundles surrounding hyaline cartilage lobules. The rings and arcs of enhancement with Gd-DTPA on MR is a reflection of the lobulated growth pattern of cartilaginous tumors and therefore helpful in differential diagnosis of bone tumors.

Adolescent↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Giant cell tumors of bone containing large amounts of hemosiderin: MR-pathologic correlation.

We present three giant cell tumors of bone that contained large amounts of hemosiderin and compare their MR appearance with intraoperative findings and histological characterization. Histologically, hemosiderin was found in multinucleated giant cells, mononuclear stromal cells, and xanthoma cells. All cases showed markedly decreased signal areas on both T1- and T2-weighted MR imaging due to hemosiderin deposition; this made evaluation of the integrity of the adjacent cortices difficult. In one case, extraosseous tumor extension appeared as a signal void area on MR imaging. Findings on immunohistochemical studies suggested the giant cells may have a histiocytic nature. Because the tumor cells themselves have a phagocytic nature, the decreased signal areas in and around giant cell tumors should be regarded as active tumor tissues in delineating the tumor on MR imaging.

Adult↗

PubMedDate not supplied

MR appearance of periosteal chondrosarcoma of the foot.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the role of MRI in evaluating periosteal chondrosarcoma in the foot, an anatomically complicated location. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Three cases of surgically and histologically confirmed periosteal chondrosarcomas occurring in the foot (58-year-old woman, 57-year-old woman, and 63-year-old man) were retrospectively reviewed with an emphasis on MR findings. RESULTS: Magnetic resonance successfully delineated the hypovascular nature and lobulating pattern of the lesion suggesting the cartilaginous component, the periosteal location with sparing bone marrow, and the extent of involvement of adjacent structures. These findings were either not seen or less clearly seen on CT in the former two cases. CONCLUSION: In cases of periosteal chondrosarcomas in the foot MRI can play a significant role both in the characterization of the lesion and in planning surgical therapy.

Amputation, Surgical↗